Relationship of the metabolic rate of excised gill tissue to body size in two species of sunfish

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Intrinsic Muscles ◽  
Reduced Surface

The respiration rate of excised gill tissue from Lepomis macrochirus and Lepomis gibbosus was lowest in small fish and increased with body size to a stable maximum in larger fish. It is suggested that this relationship is due to size-associated changes in development of intrinsic muscles of the gills which compensates for the reduced surface-to-volume ratio of the gill tissue in larger fish.

scholarly journals Relationship of metabolic rate to body size in Orthoptera

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Fielding ◽  
Linda S. DeFoliart
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Relationship Of

Tissue-specific allometry of an aerobic respiratory enzyme in a large and a small species of cyprinid (Teleostei)

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2199-2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Goolish ◽  
Ira R. Adelman
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Ontogenetic Allometry ◽  
Total Body

The aerobic enzyme cytochrome-c oxidase (CCO) was used as a measure of tissue-specific metabolic capacity. Changes in tissue CCO activity with increased body size were combined with allometric relationships for tissue weight to describe changes in energy use with increased body size. A large (common carp, Cyprinus carpio) and a small (common shiner, Notropis cornutus) species of cyprinid were used to examine differences between ontogenetic and phylogenetic allometry. With increased size, shifts occurred in energy use from viscera (high metabolic rate) to muscle tissue (low metabolic rate) which would account for the negative allometry of whole-body metabolic rate. This shift was more severe for the larger (i.e., faster growing) species, common carp. Percent muscle mass was fairly constant in the shiner, but increased from 42 to 62% of total body mass in the carp. For both species, the greatest allometry in total tissue CCO activity occurred in the brain and intestine. Total intestinal CCO activity scaled as weight to the exponents 0.70 and 0.54 for the carp and shiner, respectively. The greater proportion of metabolically active visceral tissue in young individuals is apparently not an energetic disadvantage, because these fish often have the highest growth efficiencies. These efficiencies may be due to the more favorable ratio of food "processing" capacity to target growth tissue (muscle) in small fish. The negative allometry in processing ability is likely responsible for the decreases in ingestion and growth rates with increased size. The influence of growth on ectotherm metabolism is large and, because growth is allometric, it can affect the exponent for metabolic rate in ontogenetic allometry studies.

scholarly journals Changes in body temperature influence the scaling of and aerobic scope in mammals

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F Gillooly ◽  
Andrew P Allen
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Aerobic Scope ◽  
Metabolic Scope ◽  
Single Power ◽  
Maximum Metabolic Rate

Debate on the mechanism(s) responsible for the scaling of metabolic rate with body size in mammals has focused on why the maximum metabolic rate ( ) appears to scale more steeply with body size than the basal metabolic rate (BMR). Consequently, metabolic scope, defined as /BMR, systematically increases with body size. These observations have led some to suggest that and BMR are controlled by fundamentally different processes, and to discount the generality of models that predict a single power-law scaling exponent for the size dependence of the metabolic rate. We present a model that predicts a steeper size dependence for than BMR based on the observation that changes in muscle temperature from rest to maximal activity are greater in larger mammals. Empirical data support the model's prediction. This model thus provides a potential theoretical and mechanistic link between BMR and .

Respiratory Exchange and Body Size in the Aldabra Giant Tortoise

1971 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. HUGHES ◽  
R. GAYMER ◽  
MARGARET MOORE ◽  
A. J. WOAKES
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
The Body ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Agreement

1. The O2 consumption and CO2 release of nine giant tortoises Testudo gigantea (weight range 118 g-35·5 kg) were measured at a temperature of about 25·5°C. Four European tortoises Testudo hermanni (weight range 640 g-2·16 kg) were also used. The mean RQ values obtained were 1·01 for T. gigantea and 0·97 for T. hermanni. These values were not influenced by activity or size. 2. The data was analysed by plotting log/log regression lines relating body weight to O2 consumption. Both maximum and minimum metabolic rates recorded for each individual T. gigantea showed a negative correlation with body weight. For active rates the relation was O2 consumption = 140·8W0·97, whereas for inactive animals O2 consumption = 45·47W0·82. 3. The maximum rates were obtained from animals that were observed to be active in the respirometer and the minimum rates from animals that remained quiet throughout. The scope for activity increased with body size, being 82 ml/kg/h for animals of 100 g and 103 ml/kg/h for 100 kg animals. The corresponding ratio between maximum and minimum rates increases from about 2 to 6 for the same weight range. 4. Values for metabolic rate in T. hermanni seem to be rather lower than in T. gigantea. Analysis of the relative proportion of the shell and other organs indicates that the shell forms about 31% of the body weight in adult T. hermanni but only about 18% in T. gigantea of similar size. The shell is not appreciably heavier in adult T. gigantea (about 20%). 5. Data obtained for inactive animals is in good agreement with results of other workers using lizards and snakes. Previous evidence suggesting that chelonians show no reduction in metabolic rate with increasing size is not considered to conflict with data obtained in the present work.

Relation between Metabolic Rate and Body Size in the Ovine Fetus

1987 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Bell ◽  
Frederick C. Battaglia ◽  
Giacomo Meschia
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Ovine Fetus

Limitations to prediction of maximal oxygen intake

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loring B. Rowell ◽  
Henry L. Taylor ◽  
Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Oxygen Intake ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Intake ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The predictability of maximal O2 intake (max Vo2) was studied in four groups of normal men, 18–24 years of age. Prediction of max Vo2 was made from pulse rate and Vo2 at a single submaximal workload at an ambient temperature of 78 F by use of the nomogram of Åstrand and Ryhming (1954) and underestimated actual max Vo2 by 27 ± 7% and 14 ± 7% in a sedentary group, before and after 2frac12–3 months of physical training, and by 5.6 ȁ 4% in a group of ten endurance athletes. Accuracy of prediction in all groups varied with approximation of pulse rate to 128 beats/min at 50% of max Vo2. Nonspecific stresses increased predictive errors in all groups. Constants b (slope) and A (intercept) in the regression equation Vo2 = bP – A (where P is pulse rate), were determined from Vo2 and pulse measured at four submaximal workloads requiring 13–28 ml O2/kg min. Prediction of max Vo2 by extrapolation of the slope to maximal pulse rate resulted in underestimation of 700–800 ml O2/min. Removal of 14% of circulating hemoglobin decreased max Vo2 by 4% but there was no change in pulse rates or predicted max Vo2. The relationship of RQ to V22 during work provided no reliable basis for prediction of max Vo2. exercise pulse rate, oxygen intake, relationship; pulse rate, oxygen intake relationship in exercise; metabolic rate, maximal aerobic prediction of; aerobic metabolic rate, maximal, prediction of; phlebotomy, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rate; blood loss, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rate; training, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rates; physical conditioning, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rates Submitted on October 4, 1963

Relationship of catecholamine excretion to body size, obesity, and nutrient intake in middle-aged and elderly men

1992 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
J B Young ◽  
R J Troisi ◽  
S T Weiss ◽  
D R Parker ◽  
D Sparrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Catecholamine Excretion ◽  
Relationship Of
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