The catalase of a freshwater bivalve

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hobden
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Optimal Activity

The catalase activity of various tissues of a freshwater mussel was studied. The concentration in the digestive gland is about three times that of the viscera and seven times that of mantle and muscular tissue. Semipurified digestive gland catalase has optimal activity at 10 °C and pH 7.8.

scholarly journals Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the digestive gland and gills of the freshwater bivalve Unio pictorum from the Sava river

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Borkovic-Mitic ◽  
Tijana Kovacevic ◽  
Branka Perendija ◽  
Svetlana Despotovic ◽  
Jelena Gavric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Unio Pictorum ◽  
The Sava River ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

We investigated the potential use of the antioxidant defense enzymes in freshwater mussel (Unio pictorum) as biomarkers of oxidative stress. The enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), total protein concentration in addition to protein and SOD electrophoretic profiles were examined in the digestive gland and gills of the freshwater bivalve Unio pictorum at two localities on the River Sava. The differences between SOD and CAT activities in examined tissues of freshwater bivalve Unio pictorum reflect dissimilar metabolic and antioxidative activities and this can be the result of both tissue or locality specificities and diverse ecophysiological influences on the organism.

scholarly journals Growth pattern of freshwater bivalve mollusk Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819) from the northwest Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
DA Nahar ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
S Jasmine ◽  
MMR Mondol
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Sustainable Fishery

Growth, morphometry and length-weight relationships of the freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819) was studied during January 2014 and May 2015. Sampling was carried out monthly and a total of 560 specimens were collected from Rajshahi district, northwest of Bangladesh. The recorded length -breadth and length-width relationships were B = 0.179 + 0.475L and W = 0.196 + 0.3163L respectively. The length-total weight, length-wet tissue weight, length-dry tissue weight, length-shell weight, length-dry shell weight relationships were W = 0.1241L2.9066, W = 0.0524L2.7377, W =0.0116L2.7849, W = 0.0533L2.9178 and W = 0.0391L3.0386 respectively. Monthly b values of length-lengths and length-weights relationships indicated a negative allometric growth pattern except length-shell weights relationships which showed an isometric growth of the mussel. This study is the first report on growth pattern of Lamellidens marginalis from Bangladesh and the results would be useful for fishery managers to impose adequate regulations for a sustainable fishery management of this species in the freshwater ecosystem in Bangladesh. J. bio-sci. 27: 121-132, 2019

Biological Activity of Pentachlorophenol on the Digestive Gland Cells of the Freshwater Mussel Unio tumidus

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 867-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Milowska ◽  
Teresa Gabryelak ◽  
Joanna Dudala ◽  
Magdalena Labieniec ◽  
Ekaterina Slobozhanina
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Chlorinated Phenols ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Dna Strand

Abstract Many chlorinated phenols and their derivatives are used extensively as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides by industrial and agricultural users throughout the world. Among these substances, pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a broad-spectrum biocide, which is still used as a wood preservative. In this paper, the digestive gland cells were used to assess the effect of PCP in the range of concentrations 3.75-75 μᴍ (0.01-0.2 ppm) on oxidative DNA damage, fluidity changes and peroxidation activity in the plasma membrane. The toxic property of PCP on DNA strand breakage was studied using the comet assay. The results showed that pentachlorophenol in the range of 37.5-75 μᴍ contributed to these lesions. To demonstrate the changes in the fluidity of plasma membrane we used the spectrofluorimetric method using two fluorescence probes: 1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMAD DPH) and 12-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid (12-AS). It was shown that PC did not influence the surface of plasma membrane but contributed to the increase in the fluidity of the internal region of the lipid bilayer in the range of concentrations 18.75-75 μᴍ (0.05-0.2 ppm).We also examined the effect of PCP on the lipid peroxidation. To imply its peroxidation properties the spectrophotometry method was used to measure the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), one of the endpoints of the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The obtained results showed that PCP in the used doses did not initiate the formation of lipid peroxides. Thus, our investigation indicates that PCP can behave as a prooxidant agent but its action depends on the used doses and parameters chosen for the research.

scholarly journals Histopathology of the Foot, Gill and Digestive Gland Tissues of Freshwater Mussel, Lamellidens marginalis Exposed to Oil Effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Balamurugan S ◽  
◽  
Subramanian P ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Muscle Bundle ◽  
Recovery Pattern ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Dense Accumulation

We investigated the histopathological alterations in the tissues of freshwater mussel, Lamellidens marginalis in response to oil effluent. Based on the previous acute toxicity, two sub lethal [1/4th (11.88ppt) and 1/10th (8.55ppt)] concentrations of oil effluent (hydrocarbon) were prepared and exposed to mussels. In a first series of experiment, animals were exposed/accumulated for 30 days [Ist, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 30th days] by two sub lethal concentrations of oil. In a second series of experiment, oil exposed animals were thereafter transferred to clean water and kept in it up to 30 days [Ist, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 30th days] to assess the recovery pattern (depuration). At seven-day intervals, histopathological alterations were analyzed in foot, gill and digestive gland tissues of mussel. First series of experimental observation showed remarkable damages in foot (disorganized outer epithelium, necrosis of the cell, the formation of lumina, disorganized muscle bundle); in gill (disruption of gill filaments, odema formation, necrosis, dis-aggregated cilia) and in digestive gland (stoma, detached glandular epithelium, vertical clefts, presence of leucocytes, dense accumulation of luminal material) and also oil effluent inducement are confirmed with the aforementioned results. At second series of experiment, it was found that oil effluent tended to accumulate in tissues in a duration-dose-dependent manner. Tissue burden by oil effluent of mussels completely were restored at 30th day. The present experimental findings may be of early warning signals of oil effluent pollution. In conclusion oil effluent are highly toxic to the Lamellidens marginalis.

Modeling cadmium uptake from water and food by the freshwater bivalve Pyganodon grandis

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1874-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Cooper ◽  
Landis Hare ◽  
Peter G.C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Pyganodon Grandis ◽  
Biodynamic Model

For this study, the unionid bivalve Pyganodon grandis was either exposed to dissolved cadmium (Cd) or fed Cd-contaminated algae ( Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) during short-term laboratory experiments. Cadmium accumulated largely in the digestive gland after a dietary exposure, or in the gills after an aqueous exposure; in these latter experiments, Cd accumulation from the dissolved phase increased as bivalve filtration rates increased. The results of these uptake experiments were used to parameterize a biodynamic model, which was then used to estimate the relative importance of water and food as sources of Cd for this bivalve, and to predict steady state Cd concentrations in the gills and digestive gland of native bivalves. In comparisons between the simulations and data obtained from earlier field studies on P. grandis, the model adequately predicted Cd concentrations in P. grandis gills, except in Ca-rich lakes, whereas it tended to overestimate Cd concentrations in the digestive gland. The field simulations indicate that water is the main source of Cd for both the gills (relative importance water:food::99:1) and the digestive gland (water:food::80:20). These results will facilitate the interpretation of spatial and temporal variations in Cd concentrations in free-living P. grandis, which is a promising metal biomonitor.

scholarly journals Does the freshwater mussel Anodonta anatina remove the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare from water?

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Hajisafarali ◽  
Sari Aaltonen ◽  
Katja Pulkkinen ◽  
Jouni Taskinen
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Concentration ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
The Common ◽  
Foot Position

AbstractGlobal decline of freshwater mussels (Unionoida) is threatening biodiversity and the essential ecosystem services that mussels provide. As filter-feeding organisms, freshwater mussels remove phytoplankton and suspended particles from the water. By filtering bacteria, freshwater mussels also decrease pathogen loads in the water. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the common freshwater bivalve Anodonta anatina (duck mussel) could remove the bacterial fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare from the water. Mussels reduced bacteria in both of the two experiments performed, so that the bacterial concentration at the end of the 96-h monitoring in mussel treatments was only 0.3–0.5 times that of the controls. Surprisingly, mussels did not reduce algal cell concentration statistically significantly. Mussel behavior (shell openness, foot position, and movement) was not affected by the presence of bacteria or algae, except for biodeposition formation, which was greatest in algal-fed treatments, followed by bacterial-fed treatments and controls, respectively. The intestines of bacteria-incubated A. anatina harbored F. columnare, suggesting that mussels ingested the bacteria. Present results suggest that freshwater mussels may also have a potential to mitigate aquaculture pathogen problems, as well as play a role in water quality management.

Aspects of iron metabolism in a freshwater mussel

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Hobden
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Iron Store ◽  
Total Iron Content ◽  
Uptake Mechanism ◽  
Visceral Mass ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Iron Pool

Estimations of the total iron content of tissues of Elliptio confirm that this animal concentrates iron. During starvation, tissue mass decreases more than total iron and an apparent increase in iron content results. Most iron is contained in the viscera and mantle, while muscular tissue contains least.59Fe injected into the visceral mass was rapidly translocated to the gills and mantle where much of it accumulated in tissue that acted as a 'kidney of accumulation'. The 59Fe did not become fully incorporated into the physiological iron pool in 10 days, nor was it rapidly excreted. There is little metabolic turnover of elemental iron.This iron store is much greater than needed in known enzyme systems. It may indicate hyperactivity of an uptake mechanism or the lack of an adequate excretory mechanism.

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