Response of digestive gland cells of freshwater mussel Unio tumidus to phenolic compound exposure in vivo

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
M LABIENIEC ◽  
M BIERNAT ◽  
T GABRYELAK
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Exposure In Vivo ◽  
Unio Tumidus ◽  
Compound Exposure

Biological Activity of Pentachlorophenol on the Digestive Gland Cells of the Freshwater Mussel Unio tumidus

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 867-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Milowska ◽  
Teresa Gabryelak ◽  
Joanna Dudala ◽  
Magdalena Labieniec ◽  
Ekaterina Slobozhanina
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Chlorinated Phenols ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Dna Strand

Abstract Many chlorinated phenols and their derivatives are used extensively as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides by industrial and agricultural users throughout the world. Among these substances, pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a broad-spectrum biocide, which is still used as a wood preservative. In this paper, the digestive gland cells were used to assess the effect of PCP in the range of concentrations 3.75-75 μᴍ (0.01-0.2 ppm) on oxidative DNA damage, fluidity changes and peroxidation activity in the plasma membrane. The toxic property of PCP on DNA strand breakage was studied using the comet assay. The results showed that pentachlorophenol in the range of 37.5-75 μᴍ contributed to these lesions. To demonstrate the changes in the fluidity of plasma membrane we used the spectrofluorimetric method using two fluorescence probes: 1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMAD DPH) and 12-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid (12-AS). It was shown that PC did not influence the surface of plasma membrane but contributed to the increase in the fluidity of the internal region of the lipid bilayer in the range of concentrations 18.75-75 μᴍ (0.05-0.2 ppm).We also examined the effect of PCP on the lipid peroxidation. To imply its peroxidation properties the spectrophotometry method was used to measure the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), one of the endpoints of the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The obtained results showed that PCP in the used doses did not initiate the formation of lipid peroxides. Thus, our investigation indicates that PCP can behave as a prooxidant agent but its action depends on the used doses and parameters chosen for the research.

Effects of seasonal change and prolonged anoxia on metabolic enzymes of Littorina littorea

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C Greenway ◽  
Kenneth B Storey
Keyword(s):  
Pyruvate Kinase ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Littorina Littorea ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Enzyme Kinetic ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Exposure In Vivo ◽  
Induced Changes

The effects of seasonal change (July versus November) and prolonged anoxia (N2 atmosphere at 5 or 10°C for 6 days) exposure in vivo on the activities of 18 enzymes, as well as the kinetic properties of phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK), were investigated in foot muscle and digestive gland of the marine periwinkle Littorina littorea L. Seasonal differences in enzyme maximal activities were tissue-specific, with generally increased activities during the summer and changes in a greater number of enzymes in digestive gland than in foot muscle. Seasonal differences in the kinetic properties of PFK and PK were observed in both tissues. PK from digestive gland of winter animals showed a much higher S0.5 for phosphoenolpyruvate and stronger changes in enzyme kinetic properties in response to anoxia than did the enzyme in summer animals; this may suggest the presence of seasonal isozymes. The effects of anoxia were tissue- and season-specific. Anoxia exposure during the winter induced a greater number of changes in enzyme maximal activities in foot muscle than in digestive gland. Anoxia-induced changes in the kinetic properties of both PFK and PK were also seen in both organs. For PK, these changes were consistent with less active enzyme forms in the anoxic state. Hence, both seasonal and environmental (anoxia) factors influence enzyme maximal activities and kinetic properties in L. littorea.

Imagery ability and exposure in vivo in spider phobia

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Peter de Jong ◽  
Arnoud Arntz
Keyword(s):  
Spider Phobia ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Exposure In Vivo
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