EXPERIMENTAL CEREBROSPINAL NEMATODIASIS (PNEUMOSTRONGYLUS TENUIS) IN SHEEP

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 889-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy C. Anderson ◽  
Uta R. Strelive
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Normal Host ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Resistance To Infection

Six lambs were each infected experimentally with 50–1000 infective larvae of Pneumostrongylus tenuis. Three animals displayed neurologic signs. Lesions and dead or living worms were found in the central nervous system of all infected lambs. It is concluded, however, that sheep have a good natural resistance to infection and that P. tenuis will not mature in them. Before P. tenuis is diagnosed in naturally infected sheep it would be advisable to establish whether the sheep have been in contact with white-tailed deer, the normal host.

scholarly journals Normal host prion protein (PrPC) is required for scrapie spread within the central nervous system

1996 ◽  
Vol 93 (23) ◽  
pp. 13148-13151 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Brandner ◽  
A. Raeber ◽  
A. Sailer ◽  
T. Blattler ◽  
M. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Normal Host ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Gene and protein patterns of potential prion-related markers in the central nervous system of clinical and preclinical infected sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham Filali ◽  
Enric Vidal ◽  
Rosa Bolea ◽  
Mercedes Márquez ◽  
Paola Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
The Central Nervous System

THE PENETRATION OF PNEUMOSTRONGYLUS TENUIS INTO THE TISSUES OF WHITE-TAILED DEER

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy C. Anderson ◽  
Uta R. Strelive
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Three fawns of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), given 1500–2200 infective larvae of Pneumostrongylus tenuis Dougherty, 1945, were autopsied 65, 90, and 144 hours later. Detailed examination of these fawns indicated most larvae penetrated the ventral curvature of the abomasum and moved into the mesentery and omentum where some could be found up to 6 days after infection. The subsequent course of larvae was not established conclusively. Small numbers reached the liver and lungs. However, the high incidence of eosinophil infiltrations associated with nerves ventral to the lumbosacral region of the vertebral column suggests worms may migrate directly to the spinal cord from the peritoneal cavity. Evidence for any other route was not obtained. There was no evidence, in this and other published work, that larvae reach the central nervous system before 10 days.

THE TRANSMISSION OF PNEUMOSTRONGYLUS TENUIS TO GUINEA PIGS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy C. Anderson ◽  
Uta R. Strelive
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Pneumostrongylus tenuis developed partially in the central nervous system of infected guinea pigs, some of which developed severe neurologic signs, especially posterior paralysis. Damage to the central nervous system was noted in various regions of the brain and in the white matter of the spinal cord. There was no evidence that the worms will mature in guinea pigs and the number of worms recovered from infected animals was small. P. tenuis behaves in a rodent in the same way as in the normal ruminant host, in contrast to lungworms of carnivores in which the infective larvae become quiescent and encapsulated in the liver of small mammals without loss of infectivity. It is suggested that this ability to retain infectivity after encapsulation is not a general attribute of lungworms or other parasitic nematodes, but has had a long evolutionary history. It should clearly be distinguished from visceral larval migrans which it superficially resembles. Hypotheses to account for the origin of heteroxenous life cycles of nematodes of vertebrates are contrasted as they apply to the Metastrongyloidea.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Emigration of neutrophils in the central nervous system

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 788-789
Author(s):  
John L.Beggs ◽  
John D. Waggener ◽  
Wanda Miller ◽  
Jane Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Arterial Perfusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
Interendothelial Junctions

Studies using mesenteric and ear chamber preparations have shown that interendothelial junctions provide the route for neutrophil emigration during inflammation. The term emigration refers to the passage of white blood cells across the endothelium from the vascular lumen. Although the precise pathway of transendo- thelial emigration in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been resolved, the presence of different physiological and morphological (tight junctions) properties of CNS endothelium may dictate alternate emigration pathways.To study neutrophil emigration in the CNS, we induced meningitis in guinea pigs by intracisternal injection of E. coli bacteria.In this model, leptomeningeal inflammation is well developed by 3 hr. After 3 1/2 hr, animals were sacrificed by arterial perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Tissues from brain and spinal cord were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in alcohols and propylene oxide, and embedded in Epon. Thin serial sections were cut with diamond knives and examined in a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Mammalian Bone Marrow Acetylcholinesterase

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mammalian Bone

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) (ACHE) has been localized at cholinergic junctions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery and it functions in neurotransmission. ACHE was also found in other tissues without involvement in neurotransmission, but exhibiting the common property of transporting water and ions. This communication describes intracellular ACHE in mammalian bone marrow and its secretion into the extracellular medium.

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