PARASITES OF THE CANADA LYNX, FELIS (LYNX) CANADENSIS (KERR)

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. van Zyll de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Canada Lynx ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Monopsyllus vison was collected from 1 of 19 lynxes examined for ectoparasites. Taenia laticollis and T. rileyi were the most frequent cestodes in 113 lynxes examined for endoparasites. Scoleces of T. pisiformis were often present in large numbers, but no segmented specimens were encountered. Scoleces of Multiceps sp. were found twice. One trematode, Alaria (Paralaria) sp., was collected. The nematodes Toxascaris leonina, Cylicospirura subaequalis, and Troglostrongylus wilsoni were common, and Toxocara cati and Physaloptera praeputialis occurred less frequently.

Helminth parasites of Canada lynx (Felis canadensis) from northern Ontario

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Smith ◽  
E. M. Addison ◽  
D. G. Joachim ◽  
L. M. Smith ◽  
N. W. S. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Host Population ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Canada Lynx ◽  
Host Condition ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Capillaria Aerophila ◽  
The Common ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Six helminths were common in lynx (Felis canadensis) throughout northern Ontario: Troglostrongylus wilsoni (Stough, 1953) Sarmiento &Stough, 1956 in the lung (54% of 127 infected), Cylicospirura felineus (Chandler, 1925) Sandground, 1932 in the stomach (91% of 360), Toxascaris leonina (von Linstow, 1902) and Toxocara cati (Schrank, 1788) in the stomach and intestine(97% and 22% of 274, respectively), and Taenia laticollis Rudolphi, 1819, and Taenia rileyi Loewen, 1929 in the intestine (94% and 47% of 275, respectively). Only Toxascaris leonina is transmitted by both lynx and canids in northern Ontario. Lynx is the only definitive host of the other common parasites. Seven helminths usually found in canids occurred infrequently in lynx: Alaria marcianae (LaRue, 1917) Walton, 1949 and immature Taenia pisiformis (Bloch, 1780) Gmelin, 1790 in 4% of those examined; and Capillaria aerophila (Creplin, 1839) Travassos, 1915, Physaloptera rara Hall &Wigdor, 1918, Ancylostoma caninum (Ercolani, 1859), Uncinaria stenocephalia (Railliet, 1884), and Taenia serialis (Gervais, 1847) Baillet, 1863 in one to three lynx each. Abundances of the common parasites varied only slightly among five forest regions, and did not differ between male and female lynx or among lynx older than kits. Cylicospirura felineus and Taenia rileyi were less abundant in kits, and Taenia laticollis and Toxocara cati tended to be more abundant in kits than in older lynx. Host condition and numbers of many of the common helminths tended to be positively correlated, but the inclusion of kits affected the result. The few helminth species established in lynx and their apparent uniform distribution in the host population may reflect the dominance of snowshoe hare in the diet.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal responses of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) to silvicultural treatments in the Northern Rockies, U.S.

2018 ◽  
Vol 422 ◽  
pp. 114-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Holbrook ◽  
John R. Squires ◽  
Barry Bollenbacher ◽  
Russ Graham ◽  
Lucretia E. Olson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Canada Lynx ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Northern Rockies ◽  
Spatio Temporal

56 EFFECTS OF PHYLOGENIC GENERA OF RECIPIENT CYTOPLASTS ON DEVELOPMENT AND VIABILITY OF CANADA LYNX (LYNX CANADENSIS) CLONED EMBRYOS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Gómez ◽  
J. I. Lyons ◽  
C. E. Pope ◽  
M. Biancardi ◽  
C. Dumas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Gestational Length ◽  
Canada Lynx ◽  
Oocyte Donor

Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis; CL) once occupied 16 states in the Unites States of America, but small populations remain in only 3 states. Interspecies-somatic cell nuclear transfer (Is-SCNT) offers the possibility of preventing their extinction; however, developmental constraints on Is-SCNT embryos are proportional to the phylogenetic distance between the donor cell and the recipient oocyte. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy may be involved in nuclear-cytoplasmic incompatibilities, thus inhibiting development of cloned embryos at the time of genomic activation. Minimizing the phylogenetic distance between the donor cell and recipient oocyte may enhance development of clone embryos. Caracal (Caracal caracal) may be suitable as an oocyte donor for SCNT and a recipient of CL cloned embryos because caracals hybridize with other felid species and share physical characteristics with the lynx family, marked by being previously classified in the lynx genera and having similar gestational length. To ensure compatibilities between the donor nuclei of the CL and the mitochondria of recipient oocytes, we (1) compared in vitro development of CL cloned embryos reconstructed with domestic cat (Felis catus; DSH) or caracal cytoplasts, (2) examined the mtDNA genotypes in CL cloned embryos, and (3) evaluated in vivo developmental competence of CL cloned embryos after transfer into caracal recipients. A total of 160 and 217 preovulatory oocytes were collected by laparoscopy from gonadotropin-treated caracals (n = 8) and DSH (n = 10) and used as recipient cytoplasts for reconstructing CL embryos. Results indicated that the phylogenetic genera of recipient cytoplasts did not affect embryo cleavage at Day 2 (caracal 50/55, 91% v. DSH 63/65, 97%), but development of CL cloned embryos to the blastocyst stage was higher when caracal oocytes were used as recipient cytoplasts (15/50; 30%) than with DSH cytoplasts (9/63, 14%; P < 0.05). The extent of mtDNA homoplasmy or heteroplasmy in CL cloned embryos was calculated by the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) derived from the DSH or caracal oocyte donors and from the somatic cell donor CL. DNA was isolated from 25 and 35 CL cloned embryos reconstructed with caracal or DSH cytoplasts, respectively. All amplified products after PCR were sequenced and SNP analyzed. All CL embryos reconstructed with DSH cytoplasts were homoplasmic, carrying mtDNA only from the DSH oocyte donor (n = 35; SNP DSH = 2-6). Embryos reconstructed with caracal cytoplasts were homoplasmic for CL mtDNA (n = 9; SNPCL = 10-12) or heteroplasmic (caracal × CL, n = 17; SNPCL = 7-9; SNP caracal = 2-3). A total of 69 (mean = 34.5 ± 4.9 per caracal) and 70 (mean = 35.0 ± 9.8 per caracal) CL cloned embryos reconstructed with caracal and DSH cytoplasts, respectively, were transferred into 4 caracal recipients; however, no pregnancies were established. In summary, Is-SCNT between 2 phylogenetically closer species favors retention of the donor’s mitochondria, which might lead to a better nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction for reprogramming of donor nucleus.

scholarly journals Evaluating evolutionary history and adaptive differentiation to identify conservation units of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. e00708
Author(s):  
Melanie B. Prentice ◽  
Jeff Bowman ◽  
Dennis L. Murray ◽  
Cornelya FC. Klütsch ◽  
Kamal Khidas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Canada Lynx ◽  
Adaptive Differentiation

Latitudinal gradient in cortisol concentrations in Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) is not explained by diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 748-753
Author(s):  
C.M. Burstahler ◽  
C.V. Terwissen ◽  
J.D. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Canada Lynx

Food limitation is an important stressor for most wildlife, and many specialist consumers will expand their dietary niche to contend with preferred prey limitation. How these dietary responses feed back into stress-axis regulation, however, is unknown. If alternative prey does not sufficiently fill the energetic requirements normally satisfied by preferred resources, then long-term glucocorticoid concentrations could be elevated in individuals consuming alternative prey. We measured cortisol concentrations and stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in hair of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis Kerr, 1792) across their distribution to determine the influence of diet on glucocorticoids while controlling for harvest location. We calculated the Euclidean distance between lynx and regional snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777) stable isotope ratios as an index of diet specialization. We found no relationship between this index and cortisol, suggesting that prey types are interchangeable for lynx in terms of long-term stress axis activation. However, lynx cortisol increased significantly towards the northwestern region of lynx distribution, contrasting with our prediction, and highlighting important considerations for future research. This combination of glucocorticoid and diet analyses suggests that dietary plasticity does not necessarily alter an individual’s experience of potential stressors, despite important implications to population and community dynamics.

scholarly journals Spatial and environmental influences on selection in a clock gene coding trinucleotide repeat in Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (23) ◽  
pp. 4637-4652
Author(s):  
Melanie B. Prentice ◽  
Jeff Bowman ◽  
Dennis L. Murray ◽  
Kamal Khidas ◽  
Paul J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Clock Gene ◽  
Trinucleotide Repeat ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Canada Lynx ◽  
Gene Coding

Patterns of ovarian and luteal activity in captive and wild Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis)

2010 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry V. Fanson ◽  
Nadja C. Wielebnowski ◽  
Tanya M. Shenk ◽  
Jennifer H. Vashon ◽  
John R. Squires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Canada Lynx

scholarly journals Serologic Survey for Viral and Bacterial Infections in Western Populations of Canada Lynx (Lynx canadensis)

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Biek ◽  
Randall L. Zarnke ◽  
Colin Gillin ◽  
Margaret Wild ◽  
John R. Squires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Canada Lynx ◽  
Serologic Survey
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