THE NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF GRASSHOPPERS: I. REARING OF THE GRASSHOPPER, MELANOPLUS BIVITTATUS (SAY), ON A COMPLETELY DEFINED SYNTHETIC DIET AND SOME EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF B-VITAMIN MIXTURE, LINOLEIC ACID, AND β-CAROTENE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Nayar
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Essential Chemical ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Mixture ◽  
Β Carotene

Melanoplus bivittatus (Say) can be reared From the first-instar nymphal stage to the adult stage on an amorphous diet consisting of essential chemical feeding requirements such as carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose, and soluble starch), protein (casein), salt mixture, cholesterol, ascorbic acid, and B-vitamin mixture. This suggests that the chemical feeding requirements of M. bivittatus are essentially similar to those of other phytophagous insects. The physical requirements for feeding, especially alphacel, which provides the necessary bulk to the diet, and the effect of available moisture in the container used for rearing the nymphs under laboratory conditions are demonstrated, in addition, effects of different concentrations of B-vitamin mixture, linoleic acid, and β-carotene on growth and development of these nymphs have been shown. Lower concentrations of B-vitamin mixture do not support optimal growth and higher concentrations do not further improve growth appreciably. β-Carotene is required for normal pigmentation of the nymphs, but is not required for growth and development. Linoleic acid is not required for growth of the nymphs, but is necessary for normal molting to the adult stage.

scholarly journals THE B VITAMIN REQUIREMENTS OF THE HOUSE CRICKET

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Ritchot ◽  
J. E. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Adult Stage ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Vitamin Requirements ◽  
B Vitamin

The importance of 10 B vitamins for growth and survival of the nymphs of Acheta domesticus (L.) was tested by single omission. Thiamine, pyridoxine, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, choline, and biotin were found to be essential, the omission of any one of them resulting in very poor growth and in little or no survival to the adult stage. The absence of riboflavin or inositol retarded growth significantly, but a large percentage of the nymphs still reached the adult stage. The lack of folic acid resulted in a significantly longer nymphal stage and in greater mortality towards the end of that period. Only the omission of p-aminobenzoic acid had no significant effect on the nymphs.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Metaplexis Japonica Makino Extract and Derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 387-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Antioxidant activities of acetone and ethyl acetate extracts from Metaplexis japonica Makino, one of famous medicine plants in the eastnorth region of China, named luomo in Chinese, were examined by a DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging assay and a β-carotene-linoleic acid test. In DPPH, the antioxidant activity of the acetone extracts, ethyl acetate extracts and derivative were IC50 were 313.21, 266.92 and 118.78μg/mL, respectively. In the β-carotene-linoleic acid test, IC50 were 285.09, 351.57 and 123.89μg/mL. It was concluded that Metaplexis japonica Makino and its derivatives might be a potential natural source of antioxidants .

THE EFFECTS OF WHEAT GERM OIL AND LINOLEIC ACID ON GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF THE HOUSE CRICKET

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Ritchot ◽  
J. E. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Lipid other than sterol improves the growth and development of nymphs of Acheta domesticus (L.), as shown by the effect of adding wheat germ oil and linoleic acid to the diet. Such lipid is also necessary for reproduction: the effect appears to be on the male, but may also be on the female.

scholarly journals Agrometeorological characteristics of spring oat varieties created in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
M.N. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Optimal Average

An agrometeorollological assessment of five oat varieties (Megion, Talisman, Otrada, Foma, Tobolyak) of the breeding of the Northern Trans-Urals Research Institute of Agriculture - branch of the TyumSC SB RAS is given. The effect of the average daily air temperature and precipitation on the growth and development of plants has been established. The sensitivity of varieties to temperature is estimated. It was found that the optimal average daily air temperature during the sprout – ear emergence period was 16.4 … 16.8°C, during the ear emergence – waxy ripeness period - 17.5…19.4°C. The sums of effective temperatures over 10°C necessary for optimal growth and development of oat varieties are calculated. Varieties Megion, Talisman, Foma and Tobolyak in the period of sprout – ear emergence required a greater amount of effective temperatures (705.2…747.0°C) than in the period of ear emergence - wax ripeness (611.2…640.2°C). In the Otrada variety, the need for heat was slightly higher in the second interphase period (717.5°C) compared to the first (705.6°C). The optimal amount of precipitation required for the formation of a high yield (189.4…243.6 mm) is calculated. To realize the genetic potential of the Talisman and Otrada varieties, most of the precipitation is necessary during the sprout – ear emergence period, and the Megion, Foma and Tobolyak varieties - during the period of ear emergence - waxy ripeness.

PKM : Pelatihan Stimulasi Deteksi Dini Perkembangan Dalam Rangka Optimalisasi Tumbuh Kembang Anak Balita

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Nidatul Khofiyah ◽  
Enny Fitriahadi Fitriahadi
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Information Media ◽  
Optimal Quality

The success of development is closely related to the quality of good human resources. Establishment of optimal quality of human resources, both physically and psychologically is very dependent on the process of growing and developing at an early age. Monitoring the growth and development of children that is carried out appropriately and directed guarantees more optimal growth and development of children that makes children of high quality, intelligent, responsible and efficient for the nation and the nation. Based on the results of observations, the Posyandu of Beji Sidoarum has been limited to growth checks only in the implementation of posyandu related to growth, namely weighing and measuring height. Development checks have never been carried out because of the limitations of cadres and not every month the puskesmas midwives conduct health checks at the posyandu. There has never been a Posyandu health cadre who participated in the early growth growth stimulation and intervention training. Therefore, increasing education for cadres related to growth and development is needed to improve the quantity and quality of services at this posyandu. Outputs produced are 1) Compilation of booklets/modules as information media, 2) results of examination of fallen children under five, 3) Ability of cadres and mothers of children under five in stimulation and early detection of development using KPSP, 4) publication. The results obtained by cadres and mothers of children under five in carrying out stimulation and early detection using KPSP independently. Based on this, it is expected that the implementation of activities for monitoring the growth of children under five can run routinely at the posyandu.Keywords: early detection, training, stimulation, growth and development

scholarly journals Biflavonoids from the Unripe Fruits of Clusia Paralicola and their Antioxidant Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Ferreira Oliveira ◽  
Celso Amorim Camara ◽  
Maria de Fátima Agra ◽  
Tania Maria Sarmento Silva
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Cd Spectra ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Unripe Fruits

Investigation of the green fruits of Clusia paralicola (Clusiaceae) led to the isolation and characterization of two 3,8″-biflavonoids, 2R, 3S, 2″R, 3″R-GB1-7″- O-β-glucoside (1) and 2R, 3S, 2″R, 3,8″-binaringenin-7″-O-β-glucoside (2), together with four known compounds: β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, β-amyrin, and epicatechin. The structures were established from the IR, LC-ESI-MS and NMR spectral data, including 2D-NMR experiments. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by CD spectra. The total extract and the biflavonoids demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and β-carotene/linoleic acid tests.

scholarly journals Worldwide Variation in Human Milk Metabolome: Indicators of Breast Physiology and Maternal Lifestyle?

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin Gay ◽  
Petya Koleva ◽  
Carolyn Slupsky ◽  
Elloise Toit ◽  
Merete Eggesbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Breast Physiology

Human milk provides essential substrates for the optimal growth and development of a breastfed infant. Besides providing nutrients to the infant, human milk also contains metabolites which form an intricate system between maternal lifestyle, such as the mother’s diet and the gut microbiome, and infant outcomes. This study investigates the variation of these human milk metabolites from five different countries. Human milk samples (n = 109) were collected one month postpartum from Australia, Japan, the USA, Norway, and South Africa and were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed separation between either maternal countries of origin or ethnicities. Variation between countries in concentration of metabolites, such as 2-oxoglutarate, creatine, and glutamine, in human milk, between countries, could provide insights into problems, such as mastitis and/or impaired functions of the mammary glands. Several important markers of milk production, such as lactose, betaine, creatine, glutamate, and glutamine, showed good correlation between each metabolite. This work highlights the importance of milk metabolites with respect to maternal lifestyle and the environment, and also provides the framework for future breastfeeding and microbiome studies in a global context.

Effect of extrusion in the elaboration of an animal feed based on Moringa oleifera Lam and Zea mays as a partial substitute of fishmeal in the diet of the adult stage of Oreochromis niloticus

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Karla Jareth Pérez-Viveros ◽  
Roberto Gutiérrez-Dorado ◽  
Alejandro Téllez-Jurado ◽  
Carlos Alberto Gómez- Aldapa ◽  
Cuauhtemoc Reyes-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Fish Diets ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
By Products ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

The rising demand for fishmeal, as well as the search for sustainable active food, has led to the development of food-based on by-products and the use of vegetable flours, leading to the elimination of poorly consumed and poorly assimilated food from aquaculture. These are the main economic, nutritional and environmental problems in the intensive cultivation of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The amount of fish protein in fish diets is above nutritional requirements.
And tilapia does not ingest the food that does not float, leading to over-rationing. This study explores the effect of extrusion on the elaboration of a feed based on Moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera Lam) and Zea mays as a partial substitute of fishmeal in the diet of the adult stage of Oreochromis niloticus. The analysis revealed that the combination provides desirable physical properties for the feeding of the fish, and their optimal growth of tilapia because they present a content ideal of protein for the adult stage and characteristics such as the velocity of sinking, density, and hardness.

EFFECTS OF DIET ON THE COMPOSITION OF BODY FAT IN MUSCA DOMESTICA L.

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Concentrations

Larvae of Musca domestica L. were reared on chemically defined diets to which various fatty acids were added. The concentration of lipids in the body was directly related to the amount of fatty acid in the diet. Lack of oleic acid was tantamount in the following respects to lack of all fatty acids: high concentrations of palmitic, stearic, and particularly palmitoleic acid; low concentration of oleic acid. Linoleic acid could not be detected in the body fats unless it was fed. Fats had little or no effect on rate of larval growth and development. These results are compared with the results of a previous study of the effects of dietary fatty acids on the composition of the body fats of the parasitic dipteron, Pseudosarcophaga affinis Auct. nee Fallén.

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