THE DESOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID CONTENT OF THE LIVER NUCLEI OF IMMATURE PULLETS TREATED WITH GONADAL HORMONES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. J. Phillips ◽  
W. A. Maw ◽  
R. H. Common
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cell ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Desoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Cellular Hypertrophy ◽  
Liver Nuclei ◽  
Number Of Cells

Treatment of sexually immature pullets with estrogen, or with estrogen plus androgen, increased significantly the number of liver cell nuclei per kgm. live weight, but did not significantly affect the average amount of DNAP per nucleus (2.67 × 10−10 mgm. DNAP per nucleus). It is shown that increase in number of cells can account for approximately half the increase in liver weight evoked by estrogen or estrogen plus androgen. The rest of the increase may be in large part a consequence of cellular hypertrophy.

scholarly journals THE PROPERTIES AND THE ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF DESOXYRIBONUCLEOPROTEIN FROM LIVER CELL NUCLEI

1958 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Monty ◽  
Alexander L. Dounce
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Short Peptides ◽  
Chromosomal Protein ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Desoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Mode Of Attachment

The isolation and properties of a desoxyribonucleoprotein of the rat liver cell nucleus are described. This material consists of DNA (desoxyribonucleic acid) bound to the residual chromosomal protein by what appear to be covalent linkages. Lipide is present, but can be removed by extraction in lipide solvents prior to isolation of the nucleoprotein, without much change in the physical properties of the latter. The nucleoprotein in question forms elastic, recoilable gels in molar saline at pH 7.0 or in water at pH 8.0 to 10.0 or even higher, which are similar to those that can be obtained from whole nuclei. The effects of x-rays, heat, and enzymes on the nucleoprotein are discussed, and the composition of the protein component is investigated. The latter contains an "occult" protein that can be liberated by heating in 0.1 N HCl. A study of the enzymatic degradation of the desoxyribonucleoprotein has been made, with the aim of attempting the isolation of small polynucleotide fragments attached to amino acids or short peptides that might be useful in characterizing the mode of attachment of the desoxyribonucleic acid to the protein in the desoxyribonucleoprotein. Evidence is presented indicating that such products can be isolated through the use of electrophoresis on paper.

SOME EFFECTS OF A FOLIC ACID ANTAGONIST ON THE RESPONSES OF THE IMMATURE PULLET TO TREATMENT WITH GONADAL HORMONES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. J. Phillips ◽  
W. A. Maw ◽  
R. H. Common
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Nucleic Acid Content ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Desoxyribonucleic Acid

Aminopterin was found to depress the hypertrophy of the oviduct of immature pullets induced by estrogen plus androgen. The diet was arranged to be low in folic acid during the experimental period. Higher dosage levels of aminopterin did not further decrease the size of oviduct in estrogenized pullets below a plateau level which was higher than that of the unestrogenized controls. Aminopterin opposed the effects of the hormonal treatment on liver weight per kgm. live weight, adrenal weight, and spleen weight. Injections of folic acid not merely antagonized this effect of aminopterin, but increased the size of the spleen above that of the estrogenized controls. Intraperitoneal injections of desoxyribonucleic acid also opposed the effect of aminopterin on the spleen of the estrogenized pullet. Aminopterin appeared to have no effect on liver phosphoprotein P of the estrogenized pullet.Neither aminopterin nor aminopterin plus desoxyribonucleic acid affected serum calcium level significantly, but aminopterin plus folic acid significantly lowered the serum calcium level of the estrogenized pullet in one experiment. The differences between the groups in respect of liver nucleic acid content were slight and did not attain statistical significance.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE AND p-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE ON RAT LIVER

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1233-1240
Author(s):  
W. A. Mannell ◽  
H. C. Grice
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stock Diet ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Number Of Cells

Rats receiving 2% maleic hydrazide (MH) in their diet and rats fed 0.06% p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB), for periods up to 26 weeks, were compared with a control group on a stock diet. For the rats on DAB there was a decrease in body weight, in desoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) per liver cell nucleus, and in the size of the average liver cell. There was an increase in liver weight, in DNA per liver, and in the number of cells per liver. These findings confirmed previous work with this compound. No significant changes were found in any of these measurements for the rats on MH. Pathological study revealed liver neoplasms in all animals fed DAB for 10 weeks or longer. No abnormal findings were reported for any rats on MH. The results indicate that maleic hydrazide, an antisprouting agent, does not produce any effects in rat liver similar to those caused by DAB, a known carcinogen.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE AND p-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE ON RAT LIVER

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1233-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Mannell ◽  
H. C. Grice
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stock Diet ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Number Of Cells

Rats receiving 2% maleic hydrazide (MH) in their diet and rats fed 0.06% p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB), for periods up to 26 weeks, were compared with a control group on a stock diet. For the rats on DAB there was a decrease in body weight, in desoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) per liver cell nucleus, and in the size of the average liver cell. There was an increase in liver weight, in DNA per liver, and in the number of cells per liver. These findings confirmed previous work with this compound. No significant changes were found in any of these measurements for the rats on MH. Pathological study revealed liver neoplasms in all animals fed DAB for 10 weeks or longer. No abnormal findings were reported for any rats on MH. The results indicate that maleic hydrazide, an antisprouting agent, does not produce any effects in rat liver similar to those caused by DAB, a known carcinogen.

Effects of restricted feeding and re-feeding of Barbarine lambs: intake, growth and non-carcass components

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mahouachi ◽  
N. Atti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

Abstract Fifty intact male Barbarine lambs were used to assess the effects of restricted feeding and re-alimentation on intake, growth and non-carcass components. Five lambs were slaughtered at the start of the trial, the remainder were randomly allocated into three groups. One group was offered only stubble grazing (low: L), another, also on stubble, received, indoors, an average of 80 g dry matter (DM) of soya-bean meal per day (medium: M); the third group was kept indoors and had free access to hay and 450 g of concentrate per day (high: H). At the end of this restriction period (70 days), five lambs per group were slaughtered. The 10 remaining animals in each group were divided into two groups receiving concentrate and hay ad libitum. The crude protein content (CP) of the concentrate was 160 and 210 g/kg DM for the two treatments, respectively. At the end of the trial all animals were slaughtered at 37·61 ± 2·05 kg live weight.In the restriction period, sheep from the H group had a significantly higher growth rate (108 g/day) than L group (61 g/day) with M intermediate. The empty body weight (EBW) as well as carcass weight were significantly higher in H than in restricted sheep. Digestive tract components and liver weight were the same for all treatments. However, skin weight was significantly (P < 0·01) affected by dietary treatment. The heart and lungs were also heavier in H lambs than in the two other groups. Conversely, the relative weights of gut and liver as proportion of EBW increased in restricted lambs, while that of skin and red organs was not affected by diet.In the re-alimentation period and with both CP levels, the compensating animals showed the same growth rate as the previous unrestricted ones. At the end of this period, organ weights, in both absolute and relative value, were comparable among lambs of the three nutritional histories and two CP level. The absolute and proportional daily gains were similar in all animals for visceral and external organs, but they were significantly higher in H lambs than in L and M ones for the omental and mesenteric fat and testis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document