FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PRECIPITIN TEST IN THE DETERMINATION OF BLOOD MEALS OF INSECTS

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Eligh
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Precipitin Reaction ◽  
Precipitin Test ◽  
Host Blood ◽  
Blood Meals

Certain factors influence the performance of precipitin tests when the latter are used for detection of blood meals of biting flies. Antisera stored in a liquid state in a refrigerator generally show a decrease in titer with the passage of time. Aging appears to have an adverse effect on the avidity of an antiserum. Smears of blood-engorged mosquitoes prepared by smearing of the entire insect are satisfactory for testing by the precipitin reaction. A high-titered antiserum which can be diluted is desirable for detection of host blood in mosquitoes.

scholarly journals Probe-based multiplex qPCR identifies bloodmeal hosts in Anopheles mosquitoes from Papua New Guinea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B Keven ◽  
Georgia Artzberger ◽  
Mary L. Gillies ◽  
Rex B. Mbewe ◽  
Edward D. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Anopheles Mosquitoes ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Host Blood ◽  
Blood Meals

Abstract Background: Determination of bloodmeal hosts in blood-fed female Anopheles mosquitoes is important for evaluating vectorial capacity of vector populations and assessing effectiveness of vector control measures. Sensitive molecular methods are needed to detect traces of host blood in mosquito samples, to differentiate hosts, and to detect mixed host blood meals. This paper describes a molecular probe-based quantitative PCR for identifying bloodmeal hosts in Anopheles malaria vectors from Papua New Guinea.Methods: TaqMan oligonucleotide probes targeting specific regions of mitochondrial or nuclear DNA of the three primary Anopheles bloodmeal hosts – humans, pigs and dogs – were incorporated into a multiplex, quantitative PCR which was optimized for sensitivity and specificity.Results: Amplification of serially diluted DNA showed that the quantitative PCR detected as low as 10-5 ng/μl of host DNA. Application to field-collected, blood-fed Anopheles showed that the quantitative PCR identified the vertebrate hosts for 335/375 (89%) of mosquitoes whereas only 104/188 (55%) of bloodmeal samples tested in a conventional PCR were identified. Of 188 blood-fed Anopheles that were analyzed in both PCR methods, 16 (8.5%) were identified as mixed bloodmeals by the quantitative PCR whereas only 3 (1.6%) were mixed bloodmeals by the conventional PCR.Conclusions: The multiplex quantitative PCR described here is sensitive at detecting low DNA concentration and mixed host DNA in samples and useful for bloodmeal analysis of field mosquitoes, in particular mixed-host bloodmeals.

THE RATE OF DIGESTION OF BLOOD IN MOSQUITOES. PRECIPITIN TEST STUDIES

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. West ◽  
G. S. Eligh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
Blood Digestion ◽  
Precipitin Test ◽  
Western Equine Encephalitis ◽  
Host Blood ◽  
Holding Temperature ◽  
Blood Meals

This paper describes the use of the serological procedure known as the precipitin test to study the rate of digestion of host blood in mosquitoes. In the laboratory, at constant temperatures, precipitin reactions were obtained on blood meals of Aedes aegypti eight days after engorgement when the mosquitoes were held at 11 °C. but only one or two days after engorgement when the holding temperature was 27 °C. Field studies with A. hexodontus in northern Manitoba also showed that temperature has a strong influence on the rate of blood digestion. Pertinent literature is reviewed and the limitations of the precipitin test are discussed. Until now little attention has been devoted in Canada to possible disease transmission by mosquitoes. Increasing interest in mosquitoes as vectors of the encephalitides and proved transmission of western equine encephalitis by Culex restuans in Manitoba suggest the importance of further knowledge of mosquito physiology.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM SURFACE TEMPERATURE FOR EXPLOSION-PROOF LUMINAIRES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Moldovan ◽  
Sorin Burian ◽  
Mihai Magyari ◽  
Marius Darie ◽  
Dragos Fotau
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

Bestimmung der Dauerhaftigkeit von Hochleistungsbeton mit Hilfe des CDF-Tests / Determination of the durability of high performance concrete by means of CDF-test

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
R. Krumbach ◽  
U. Schmelter ◽  
K. Seyfarth
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Factors Influencing

Abstract Variable obsen>ations concerning frost resistance of high performance concrete have been made. The question arises which are the decisive factors influencing durability under the action of frost and de-icing salt. The proposed experiments are to be carried out in cooperation with F.A.- Finger - Institute of Bauhaus University Weimar. The aim of this study is to determine possible change of durability of high strength concrete, and to investigate the origin thereof. Measures to reduce the risk of reduced durability have to be found.

Statistical issues on the determination of the no-observed-adverse-effect levels in toxicology

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yanagawa ◽  
Yasuki Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Statistical Issues

scholarly journals Determination of factors influencing the speed of moving arcs by rectanine electrodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1588 ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Az T Gabdrakhmanov ◽  
I H Israphilov ◽  
A T Galiakbarov ◽  
T F Gabdrakhmanova
Keyword(s):  
Factors Influencing
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