Oxidative balance and immunodetection of antioxidant enzymes in the hepatopancreas of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata subjected to anoxia and reoxygenation

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubirajara O. de Oliveira ◽  
Adriane Belló-Klein ◽  
Luiz Carlos Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Response Profiles ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

The present study shows the activities and concentrations of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the hepatopancreas of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Dana, 1851) (Decapoda, Brachyura) when exposed to periods of anoxia (8 h) and aerobic recovery (20 and 40 min post anoxia). Exposure to anoxia did not cause any change in the activities of the enzymes analyzed. The activities of these enzymes did not change with a decrease in environmental oxygen concentration. During reoxygenation, enzyme activities returned to control levels. The concentrations and activities of SOD and GST presented different response profiles. Exposure to anoxia caused increased lipoperoxidation (conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), whereas aerobic recovery reduced lipoperoxidation. The results of this study showed that C. granulata adjusts its antioxidant defense systems in an attempt to reduce and (or) avoid damage resulting from the reintroduction of oxygen.

Modulation of antioxidant defence system by dietary fat in rats intoxicated with o-toluidine

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Jodynis-Liebert ◽  
M Murias
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Radical Processes

o-Toluidine was administered to rats in the diet for four weeks at levels approximately 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg b.w. per day. Two types of diet have been used, standard (4% fat) and high fat (14% fat). Activity of antioxidant enzymes, level of glutathione and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were measured in liver. Glutathione peroxidase was significantly increased in all treated groups while glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase were elevated in rats fed high-fat diet. o-Toluidine slightly enhanced catalase activity regardless of the kind of diet. Superoxide dismutase was the only enzyme whose activity was lowered in almost all treated groups. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic microsomal lipid peroxidation was enhanced 2-to 3-fold in both diet groups. Reduced glutathione level in liver was 2.3-to 4.0-fold increased in all treated groups. Our findings indicate that free radical processes can be involved in the toxic effects of o-toluidine and dietary fat can modify the response of some antioxidant enzymes to this compound.

Radioprotective Effect of Ginsan through Stimulating the Hematopoiesis and Modulating Antioxidant Enzymes

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 660-666
Author(s):  
Jie Young Song ◽  
Soo Jeong Son ◽  
Ji Young Shim ◽  
Ji Yeon Ahn ◽  
Hyung Doo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Radioprotective Action ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

An immunomodulator ginsan, polysaccharide isolated from Panax ginseng, showed a mitogenic activity, generation of LAK cells, and the secretion of several cytokines. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of in vivo injected ginsan against irradiation. Ginsan was found to significantly increase the number of bone marrow cells, spleen cells and the number of circulating neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets in irradiated mice. In addition, ginsan induced the production of a variety of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-a and SCF, which are required for a hematopoietic recovery and are closely correlated with the antioxidant defense systems. We demonstrated that the pretreatment with ginsan protected the mice from the lethal effects of ionizing radiation more effectively than given after the irradiation. A dramatic increase of the survival of the ginsan-treated group from LD50/30 7.54 Gy of the PBS-control group to 10.93 Gy was observed. Moreover, the levels of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and gluthathion peroxidase (GPx) were increased 1.5-2 fold in the ginsan treated mice compared to the irradiated mice. In conclusion, our data suggests that the radioprotective action of ginsan in the irradiated mice may be due to not only to the rapid regeneration of hematopoietic cells but also to the modulation of antioxidant defense systems.

Chrysin treatment improves diabetes and its complications in liver, brain, and pancreas in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad ◽  
Fariborz Samini ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chrysin (CH) is a natural flavonoid with pharmacological influences. The purpose of the current study was the assessment of possible protective effects of CH against oxidative damage in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats. In the present study, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, 3 CH (20, 40, 80 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. To find out the modulations of cellular antioxidant defense systems, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas. STZ caused an elevation of glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and with reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas (p < 0.01). The findings showed that the significant elevation in the glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST were ameliorated in the CH-treated diabetic groups versus to the untreated groups, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). The current study offers that CH may be recovered diabetes and its complications by modification of oxidative stress.

Daily variations in oxygen consumption, antioxidant defenses, and lipid peroxidation in the gills and hepatopancreas of an estuarine crab

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1871-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
F E Maciel ◽  
C E Rosa ◽  
E A Santos ◽  
J M Monserrat ◽  
L E.M Nery
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Daily Variations ◽  
Early Afternoon ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

This study identified daily variations in oxygen consumption, antioxidant-defense system, and lipoperoxidation in the gills and hepatopancreas of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Dana, 1851) (Decapoda, Brachyura). In gills, oxygen consumption was higher in the early afternoon and in the middle of the night (p < 0.05). Lipoperoxidation level and non-proteic sulfhydryl content were higher in the middle of the night (p < 0.05). The enzyme glutathione-S-transferase showed lower activity at the end of photophase and higher values during the night (p < 0.05). The enzyme catalase did not show daily variation in activity (p > 0.05). Oxygen consumption in the hepato pancreas showed a similar profile to that in gills, i.e., higher values in the early afternoon and the middle of the night. Glutathione-S-transferase activity and lipoperoxidation levels showed significant variation, with lower values during the afternoon and peaks in the middle of the night (p < 0.05). Catalase activity was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the middle of the night. The non-proteic sulfhydryl content remained fairly constant (p > 0.05). The results showed daily variations in aerobic metabolism of the gills and hepatopancreas of C. granulata, with concomitant oxidative damage (lipoperoxidation), but with differences between tissues. Whereas in the gills the defense system focused on catalase and non-proteic sulfhydryl, in the hepatopancreas other non-enzymatic components and other antioxidant enzymes besides catalase and glutathione-S-transferase might be involved.

Effects of environmental anoxia and different periods of reoxygenation on oxidative balance in gills of the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulata

2005 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubirajara O. de Oliveira ◽  
Alex Sander da Rosa Araújo ◽  
Adriane Belló-Klein ◽  
Roselis S.M. da Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Min Chao ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chun-Huei Liao ◽  
Huey-Mei Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

Antioxidant Defenses and DNA Damage Induced by UV-A and UV-B Radiation in the Crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Decapoda, Brachyura)¶

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauce R. Gouveia ◽  
Daiane S. Marques ◽  
Bruno P. Cruz ◽  
Laura A. Geracitano ◽  
Luiz E. M. Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Chasmagnathus Granulata ◽  
Crab Chasmagnathus Granulata

Therapeutic Potential of Biochanin-A Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeethadevi Govindasami ◽  
Veera Venkata Sathibabu Uddandrao ◽  
Nivedha Raveendran ◽  
Vadivukkarasi Sasikumar
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biochanin A ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Detoxifying Enzyme ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects

Background: This study determined the effect of Biochanin A (BCA) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced Myocardial Infarction (MI) in male Wistar rats. Methods: Animals (weighing 150-180 g) were divided into four groups, with six animals in each group and pretreated with BCA (10mg/kg Body Weight [BW]) and ɑ-tocopherol (60mg/kg BW) for 30 days; and ISO (20mg/kg BW) was administrated subcutaneously on the 31st and 32nd day. Results: ISO-induced MI rats demonstrated the significant elevation of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin; however, concomitant pretreatment with BCA protected the rats from cardiotoxicity caused by ISO. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase significantly reduced in the heart with ISO-induced MI. Pretreatment with BCA produced a marked reversal of these antioxidant enzymes related to MI-induced by ISO. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggested that BCA exerts cardioprotective effects through modulating lipid peroxidation, enhancing antioxidants, and detoxifying enzyme systems.

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