A physical–chemical analysis of the acid–base response to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1229-1235
Author(s):  
V Alfaro ◽  
T Torras ◽  
J Ibàñez ◽  
L Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Physical Chemical

Acid-Base Balance and Oxygen Tension During Dialysis in Uremic Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 973-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Manca-Di-Villahermosa ◽  
Michela Tedesco ◽  
Maurizio Lonzi ◽  
Francesca R. Della-Rovere ◽  
Anna Innocenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Uremic Patients

scholarly journals Influence of microcirculatory disorders in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and systemic arterial hypertension on acid-base and gas balance of blood.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 729-734
Author(s):  
E. G. Zarubina ◽  
Y. E. Shaldybina ◽  
I. O. Prokhorenko
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Systemic Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Microcirculatory Disorders

Material and methods. The clinical study involved 240patients (228 men and 12 women) aged 40 to 55, they were divided into 3 groups based on the duration of the disease. Patients of the first group suffered COPD disease up to 5 years, in the second group it was up to 10 years and in the third group it was more than 10 years. The degree of disturbance of microcirculation processes was investigated using laser Doppler flowmetry at the multifunction laser diagnostic complex “LAKK-M” (Russia, 2011). The following parameters were evaluated: the average perfusion value, saturation of mixed (capillary) blood, saturation of arterial blood, relative volume of the erythrocyte fraction in the skin of the middle fingertip, the index ofperfusion oxygen saturation in the microcirculation, the index of specific oxygen consumption in the tissue. The following parameters were also calculated: the efficiency of oxygen exchange, the fluorescence indicator of oxygen consumption; analysis of the frequency spectrum in the zone of myogenic, neurogenic and respiratory fluctuations of the blood flow. Results. As part of the study it was found that the increase in the prevalence of hypertension is increased in patients with COPD, depending on the duration of the disease: 2.5 times in patients of the 2nd group and 3.7 times in patients of the 3rd group compared with the patients of the 1st group. Based on the analysis of laser Doppler flowmetry data, the microcirculation index significantly changes in patients with COPD and AH in comparison with patients with isolated COPD by 5.7% (p <0.05) in the 1st group, by 11.8% (p <0.01) and 23.5% (p<0.001) in 2 and 3rd groups, respectively. Conclusion. The role of microcirculatory disorders was established in patients with comorbid pathology in the development of disorders in the gas composition parameters and acid-base balance of blood in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and systemic arterial hypertension, as well as the relationship between the duration of the anamnesis of comorbid pathology and the severity of the revealed disorders.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE KIDNEYS IN THE REGULATION OF THE ACID – BASE BALANCE OF THE BLOOD IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-290
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Veremiienko ◽  
Tatyana S. Ospanova ◽  
Zhanna D. Semydotska
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Group B ◽  
Renal Excretory Function

The aim: To study the regulation of acid-base balance and blood acid – renal excretory function in patients with COPD. Materials and methods: We examined 82 people, suggests that even during the most severe stages of COPD. Group 1 included 56 patients with COPD, group C. The average age was 60.54 + 2.04 years old, including 24 men and 32 women. The second group included 16 patients with COPD, group B, whose average age was 55.37 + 3.21 years old, including 7 men and 9 women. The third group included 10 healthy individuals, with an average age of 34.30 + 2.21 years, including 6 men and 4 women. Respiration function was evaluated on the basis of the forced expiratory curve recorded on a Spirolab II MIR S / N computer spirograph. The following indicators were evaluated: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and FEV1 / FVC ratio. Results: For all patients with COPD there is a characteristic presence of acidosis (pH in patients with COPD group B – 7,34 ± 0,01, in patients with COPD group C – 7,31 ± 0,07). For patients with COPD group C there are pronounced respiratory disorders (pCO2 – 48,25 + 1,14 mm Hg, p02 – 28.07 +1.37 mm Hg). For patients with COPD group B characteristic metabolic disorders (BE--3,71 + 0,57), which increase as the disease progresses. For patients with COPD group C this figure is equal to 7.62 + 0.49. Thus, the analysis of indicators indicates the presence for all patients of mixed (respiratory and metabolic) acidosis, which increases as the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease progresses. Conclusions: There is activation of acid – renal excretory function and the inclusion of renal mechanisms in the regulation of acid-base balance.

scholarly journals Acid–base balance, serum electrolytes and need for non-invasive ventilation in patients with hypercapnic acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to an internal medicine ward

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Schiavo ◽  
Maurizio Renis ◽  
Mario Polverino ◽  
Arcangelo Iannuzzi ◽  
Francesca Polverino
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Internal Medicine Ward ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

Background: Hypoventilation produces or worsens respiratory acidosis in patients with hypercapnia due to acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). In these patients acid–base and hydroelectrolite balance are closely related. Aim of the present study was to evaluate acid–base and hydroelectrolite alterations in these subjects and the effect of non-invasive ventilation and pharmacological treatment. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 110 patients consecutively admitted to the Internal Medicine ward of Cava de’ Tirreni Hospital for acute exacerbation of hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. On admission all patients received oxygen with a Venturi mask to maintain arterial oxygen saturation at least >90 %, and received appropriate pharmacological treatment. Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) was started when, despite optimal therapy, patients had severe dyspnea, increased work of breathing and respiratory acidosis. Based on Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) data, we divided the 110 patients in 3 groups: A = 51 patients with compensated respiratory acidosis; B = 36 patients with respiratory acidosis + metabolic alkalosis; and C = 23 patients with respiratory acidosis + metabolic acidosis. 55 patients received only conventional therapy and 55 had conventional therapy plus NIV. Results: The use of NIV support was lower in the patients belonging to group B than in those belonging to group A and C (25 %, vs 47 % and 96 % respectively; p < 0.01). A statistically significant association was found between pCO2 values and serum chloride concentrations both in the entire cohort and in the three separate groups. Conclusions: Our study shows that in hypercapnic respiratory acidosis due to AECOPD, differently from previous studies, the metabolic alkalosis is not a negative prognostic factor neither determines greater NIV support need, whereas the metabolic acidosis in addition to respiratory acidosis is an unfavourable element, since it determines an increased need of NIV and invasive mechanical ventilation support.

scholarly journals Acid-Base Disorders in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Pathophysiological Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosimo Marcello Bruno ◽  
Maria Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mixed Acid

The authors describe the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to development of acidosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its deleterious effects on outcome and mortality rate. Renal compensatory adjustments consequent to acidosis are also described in detail with emphasis on differences between acute and chronic respiratory acidosis. Mixed acid-base disturbances due to comorbidity and side effects of some drugs in these patients are also examined, and practical considerations for a correct diagnosis are provided.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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