Early incidence of adriamycin treatment on cardiac parameters in the rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Cottin ◽  
Christophe Ribugt ◽  
Véronique Maupoil ◽  
Diane Godin ◽  
Laurent Arnould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Working Heart ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

To evaluate the early effect of low doses of adriamycin (ADR) on cardiac parameters, male Wistar rats were injected with ADR (1 mg∙kg−1∙day−1) or saline for 10 days. Seven days later, T1 and T2 relaxation times were determined in left ventricular (LV) free wall, septum, and thigh muscle samples. In another experiment, performed on isolated working hearts of rats pretreated with ADR, LV performance was determined along with an index of myocardial lipid peroxidation in this tissue. Lipid peroxidation was enhanced (p < 0.05). This change was not associated with a reduced LV performance, since both aortic and cardiac flows measured in working heart preparations were similar between control and treated rats. However, the coronary flow was significantly reduced (control group, 21 ± 1 mL∙min−1∙g−1, ADR group, 15 ± 1 mL∙min−1∙g−1; p < 0.001). T1 increased in the LV free wall (665 ± 3 to 696 ± 5 ms, p < 0.001) and in the septum (657 ± 3 to 696 ± 5 ms, p < 0.01), while T2 increased only in the LV free wall (50.8 ± 0.9 to 53.1 ± 0.6 ms, p < 0.05). Myocardial water content was also significantly increased. No modification was observed in the thigh muscle samples. Thus, modifications of T1 and T2 relaxation times following ADR treatment are associated with biochemical changes implicating lipid peroxidation. These changes in relaxation times appeared earlier than hemodynamic deterioration and could provide a basis for the application of proton nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in the early detection of cardiac ADR toxicity.Key words: adriamycin cardiotoxicity, malondialdehyde, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, rats, working heart.

Detecting and quantifying organic contaminants in sediments with nuclear magnetic resonance

Geophysics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. EN87-EN97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Fay ◽  
Rosemary J. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Bulk Fluid ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water Signal ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

We have conducted proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of relaxation times [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] as well as the diffusion coefficient [Formula: see text] to detect and quantify gasoline, diesel, crude oil, and trichloroethylene (TCE) in sediment samples containing water. The sediment samples were coarse sand, fine sand, and a sand-clay mixture. We found that water, gasoline, diesel, and crude oil all exhibited similar signal amplitudes per unit volume, whereas TCE exhibited one-tenth the signal. The ability to use [Formula: see text] measurements to distinguish the contaminant signal from the water signal depended on the bulk-fluid properties as well as the sediment texture and grain size. In the [Formula: see text] distributions for samples containing equal volumes of contaminant and water, the contaminant signal could be resolved for crude oil in sand and for gasoline and TCE in the sand-clay mixture. Adding the diffusion measurement, using either pulsed or static gradients, made it possible to distinguish diesel and crude oil in all of the samples due to the large differences between the [Formula: see text] of the contaminants and water. From the diffusion measurements, we were able to accurately quantify diesel and crude oil volumes ranging from 1% to 17% of the total sample volume. These methods could be applied in the field using NMR logging tools to quantify and monitor subsurface contamination.

Laboratory studies of the effect of sorbed oil on proton nuclear magnetic resonance

Geophysics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 942-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Traci R. Bryar ◽  
Rosemary J. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Nmr Relaxation ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Surface Relaxivity ◽  
Saturated Sands ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Proton NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) measurements were made of T1 and T2 relaxation times of water in saturated sands containing varying amounts of sorbed oil on the grain surfaces. The porosity, surface area, and grain density of the sands and the relaxation times of the extracted pore water were also determined experimentally. Sorption of oil changed the relaxation time of water in the saturated sands through changes in surface area and surface relaxivity, the parameter used to quantify the ability of the surface of the pore space to reduce NMR relaxation times. In some cases the addition of oil to the surfaces decreased the surface area, an observation that suggested the oil was coating the surface in a way to reduce surface roughness. When larger amounts of oil were added to the surface, surface area increased. The changes in surface relaxivity with the amount of sorbed oil were governed by the relaxivity of the clean, oil‐free surfaces. In the Wedron sand, with a surface relaxivity typical of naturally occurring sands, the relaxivity decreased with the addition of oil to the surface of the sand grains. In the A–A sand, a clean, pure quartz sand, the relaxivity increased from a very low value for the oil‐free sample to a higher value, interpreted to be that of the oil surface.

scholarly journals Intracellular and Extracellular Spaces of Normal Adult Rat Brain Determined from the Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Times

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 552-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munetaka Haida ◽  
Masahiro Yamamoto ◽  
Hideshi Matsumura ◽  
Yukito Shinohara ◽  
Minoru Fukuzaki
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Rat Brain Tissue ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The nuclear magnetic resonance method was used to investigate the state of water molecules in normal rat brain tissue in vitro. The transverse magnetization decay curve (TMDC) of the fresh brain tissue of adult rats (8- or 10-weeks-old) was biexponential, which could be interpreted in terms of two distinct transverse relaxation times ( T2). Several factors that may affect the TMDC are discussed. It was concluded that the fast and slow components of T2 correspond to those of the water molecules of the intracellular and the extracellular spaces of normal rat brain tissue, respectively.

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