Heterogeneity of the sympathetic innervation of rat interscapular brown adipose tissue via intercostal nerves

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O. Foster ◽  
Florent Depocas ◽  
Michael Zuker
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Intercostal Nerve ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Intercostal Nerves ◽  
Stimulation Of

The interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of cold-acclimated white rats was partially denervated by cutting in most cases four of the five intercostal nerves going to one of its two bilaterally located, lobular pads. After 24 h the functional ability and the degree of residual sympathetic innervation of the pads and of their lobes were assessed (in separate groups of rats): the former by measuring tissue blood flow as an index of sympathetically mediated calorigenesis during exposure of the animals to −6 °C, the latter by measuring the residual noradrenaline (NA) content of the tissue. Only the four anterior intercostal nerves contributed significantly to the sympathetic innervation of IBAT pads. On average their contributions were unequal, but there was considerable variation between rats in the relative contribution of each nerve. The measurements on lobes of the pads indicated that the sympathetic fibers supplied by a given intercostal nerve were not distributed uniformly throughout the pad. For example, measurements of NA indicated that on average the fibers of the fourth nerve were four times as abundant in the lateral lobe as in the posterior lobe. But at this level of analysis also there was wide variation between rats. The variation in the participation of each intercostal nerve in the sympathetic innervation of rat IBAT and in the distribution of each nerve's fibers to different parts of the IBAT pad could be of genetic origin or it could reflect a considerable degree of flexibility during development of the innervation of IBAT. Because of the observed variation, it is suggested that if functional responses of IBAT evoked by electrical stimulation of intercostal nerves are to be recorded from a highly localized area of the tissue, stimulation of all the nerves probably would be required to obtain responses that are consistent between animals.

Organization of sympathetic innervation of interscapular brown adipose tissue in the mouse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Huesing ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Sanjeev Gummadi ◽  
Nathan Lee ◽  
Emily Qualls‐Creekmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

Sympathetic denervation impairs responses of brown adipose tissue to VMH stimulation

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (5) ◽  
pp. R1005-R1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Minokoshi ◽  
M. Saito ◽  
T. Shimazu
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Sympathetic Denervation ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Stimulation Of

Effects of unilateral surgical denervation of the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) on its thermogenic and lipogenic responses to electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) nucleus were studied in anesthetized rats. The rapid rise in IBAT temperature in response to VMH stimulation was greatly suppressed in the denervated IBAT, whereas the temperature response was not impaired in the contralateral innervated IBAT in the same animals. Similarly, the increased rates of conversion of [14C] glucose and [3H]H2O to fatty acids and glyceride glycerol in vivo in IBAT after VMH stimulation were almost completely inhibited by sympathetic denervation. These results indicate clearly that the increases in lipogenic and thermogenic activities in IBAT in response to VMH stimulation are mediated by the sympathetic nerve supply of this tissue.

scholarly journals Stimulation of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus increases brown adipose tissue nerve activity via hypothalamic paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (2) ◽  
pp. H433-H444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineet C. Chitravanshi ◽  
Kazumi Kawabe ◽  
Hreday N. Sapru
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Glutamate Transporter ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Stimulation Of

Hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARCN) stimulation elicited increases in sympathetic nerve activity (IBATSNA) and temperature (TBAT) of interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT). The role of hypothalamic dorsomedial (DMN) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei in mediating these responses was studied in urethane-anesthetized, artificially ventilated, male Wistar rats. In different groups of rats, inhibition of neurons in the DMN and PVN by microinjections of muscimol attenuated the increases in IBATSNA and TBAT elicited by microinjections of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid into the ipsilateral ARCN. In other groups of rats, blockade of ionotropic glutamate receptors by combined microinjections of D(-)-2-amino-7-phosphono-heptanoic acid (D-AP7) and NBQX into the DMN and PVN attenuated increases in IBATSNA and TBAT elicited by ARCN stimulation. Blockade of melanocortin 3/4 receptors in the DMN and PVN in other groups of rats resulted in attenuation of increases in IBATSNA and TBAT elicited by ipsilateral ARCN stimulation. Microinjections of Fluoro-Gold into the DMN resulted in retrograde labeling of cells in the ipsilateral ARCN, and some of these cells contained proopiomelanocortin (POMC), α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), or vesicular glutamate transporter-3. Since similar projections from ARCN to the PVN have been reported by us and others, these results indicate that neurons containing POMC, α-MSH, and glutamate project from the ARCN to the DMN and PVN. Stimulation of ARCN results in the release of α-MSH and glutamate in the DMN and PVN which, in turn, cause increases in IBATSNA and TBAT.

Role of the sympathetic innervation in the cold-induced activation of 5′-deiodinase in brown adipose tissue of the Djungarian hamster

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1896-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Meywirth ◽  
Uwe Redlin ◽  
Stephan Steinlechner ◽  
Gerhard Heldmaier ◽  
Russel J. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Djungarian Hamster ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Deiodinase Activity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Norepinephrine Content

The importance of the sympathetic innervation in the regulation of 5′-deiodinase activity in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) of the Djungarian hamster was studied. Interscapular BAT of Djungarian hamsters was either unilaterally or bilaterally denervated, and thereafter the animals were maintained at thermoneutral temperature or exposed to 0 °C for 24 h. Denervation reduced the norepinephrine content to 2–10% of the level in the control groups. Unilateral denervation was as effective as bilateral denervation in depressing the norepinephrine content of the interscapular BAT. Cold exposure for 24 h resulted in a pronounced 5′-deiodinase activation. Denervation reduced, but did not completely prevent, the cold-induced increase in 5′-deiodinase activity. The basal level of 5′-deiodinase activity at thermoneutral temperature was not reduced by denervation. We conclude that cold-induced activation of BAT 5′-deiodinase primarily depends on the intact sympathetic innervation.Key words: nonshivering thermogenesis, brown fat, 5′-deiodinase, Phodopus sungorus.

Ephedrine-Induced Thermogenesis in Man: No Role for Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Astrup ◽  
J. Bülow ◽  
N. J. Christensen ◽  
J. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Adipose Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Lumbar Area

1. The warmest interscapular skin areas were located by thermography in six healthy subjects during ephedrine-induced thermogenesis. 2. In these interscapular areas, and in lumbar control areas, the skin temperature, subcutaneous temperature and adipose tissue blood flow were measured before and during ephedrine-induced thermogenesis. 3. The skin and subcutaneous temperatures increased in the interscapular area as well as in the lumbar area, by about 0.7-1.2°C. The interscapular skin temperature remained about 1°C higher than the lumbar; the subcutaneous temperatures in the two areas were identical during the experiments. 4. Although the interscapular subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow increased about sixfold and the lumbar increased twofold, the absolute flows were higher in the lumbar area. 5. The oxygen uptake increased to a maximum of 30% above control level. 6. Plasma glucose and glycerol concentrations remained unchanged, and plasma non-esterified fatty acids, lactate and noradrenaline concentrations increased slightly but significantly. 7. Biopsies taken from the hot interscapular areas did not contain brown adipose tissue. 8. It is concluded that the high interscapular skin temperature may be due to a lower insulating fat thickness and that the increases in skin and subcutaneous temperatures during ephedrine-induced thermogenesis are caused by an increased blood flow. These observations weigh against the hypothesis that the interscapular temperature increase is due to functional, interscapular brown adipose tissue.

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