Action de l'acide cholique et de l'acide chénodesoxycholique sur la sécrétion biliaire de la souris. Effet de l'addition du β-sitostérol

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1058-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Marteau ◽  
M. O. Reynier ◽  
C. Crotte ◽  
A. Mule ◽  
S. Mathieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biliary Secretion ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Biliary Cholesterol ◽  
Specific Effects

After this time, the cholesterol intestinal absorption and the biliary secretion of lipids were measured. The biliary secretion of cholesterol, the total hepatic cholesterol (23 mg/g liver dry weight), and the intestinal absorption of cholesterol (90% administered dose) were higher in mice fed with cholic acid than in mice fed with chenodeoxycholic acid (hepatic cholesterol, 9.6 mg/g liver dry weight; absorption, 65% administered dose).The addition of β-sitosterol to the diet supplemented with cholic acid decreased the cholesterol intestinal absorption and the biliary secretion of cholesterol so that both became similar to that obtained with chenodeoxycholic acid.These results indicate that in mice, as in man, cholic acid elicits a higher cholesterol biliary secretion than chenodeoxycholic acid. In this experimental model, the distinct effect on the biliary cholesterol of these two bile salts is due to their specific effects on the intestinal absorption of cholesterol.

scholarly journals Pregnancy and the Biliary System

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Witt ◽  
J Joseph Connon
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Biliary Cholesterol ◽  
Ratio Increase ◽  
Gallbladder Function ◽  
Gallbladder Contractility ◽  
Cholesterol Saturation ◽  
Acid Ratio

Alterations in the synthesis and secretion of bile salts and cholesterol and in gallbladder function occur during pregnancy. These changes are related to the effects of estrogen and progesterone. Biliary cholesterol saturation and the cholic acid/chenodeoxycholic acid ratio increase. Progesterone also diminishes gallbladder contractility and emptying. Gallstones occur in 2.5 to 11% of pregnant women and are associated with cholecystitis in 0.008 to 0.1% of pregnant women. Operative treatment should be deferred if possible until after delivery; failing that, surgery is best done in the second trimester. Endoscopic pap1llotomy may prove to be the best therapy for choledocholithiasis.

scholarly journals Bile salts of germ-free domestic fowl and pigs

1971 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. D. Haslewood
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Keto Acids ◽  
Hyodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Hyocholic Acid

1. The bile of germ-free domestic fowl contains taurine conjugates of 3α,7α-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (chenodeoxycholic acid), 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (cholic acid) and its 5α-epimer (allocholic acid): that of germ-free pigs contains glycine and taurine conjugates of chenodeoxycholic acid, 3α,6α-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (hyodeoxycholic acid), 3α,6α,7α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (hyocholic acid) and (probably) cholic acid. Keto acids were not found. 2. Allocholic acid and hyodeoxycholic acid are thus proved to be primary bile acids in intact animals. 3. The evolutionary and biochemical implications of these findings are briefly considered.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term effects of biliary drainage on hepatic cholesterol metabolism in the rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Smit ◽  
A M Temmerman ◽  
R Havinga ◽  
F Kuipers ◽  
R J Vonk
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Flow ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Acid Output ◽  
Biliary Secretion ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term

The present study concerns short- and long-term effects of interruption of the enterohepatic circulation (EHC) on hepatic cholesterol metabolism and biliary secretion in rats. For this purpose, we employed a technique that allows reversible interruption of the EHC, during normal feeding conditions, and excludes effects of anaesthesia and surgical trauma. [3H]Cholesteryl oleate-labelled human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was injected intravenously in rats with (1) chronically (8 days) interrupted EHC, (2) interrupted EHC at the time of LDL injection and (3) intact EHC. During the first 3 h after interruption of the EHC, bile flow decreased to 50% and biliary bile acid, phospholipid and cholesterol secretion to 5%, 11% and 19% of their initial values respectively. After 8 days of bile diversion, biliary cholesterol output and bile flow were at that same level, but bile acid output was increased 2-3-fold and phospholipid output was about 2 times lower. The total amount of cholesterol in the liver decreased after interruption of the EHC, which was mainly due to a decrease in the amount of cholesteryl ester. Plasma disappearance of LDL was not affected by interruption of the EHC. Biliary secretion of LDL-derived radioactivity occurred 2-4 times faster in chronically interrupted rats as compared with the excretion immediately after interruption of the EHC. Radioactivity was mainly in the form of bile acids under both conditions. This study demonstrates the very rapid changes that occur in cholesterol metabolism and biliary lipid composition after interruption of the EHC. These changes must be taken into account in studies concerning hepatic metabolism of lipoprotein cholesterol and subsequent secretion into bile.

scholarly journals Medical treatment of gallstones

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Made In

Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) (Chendol - Weddel) is one of two naturally occurring ‘primary’ bile acids (the other being cholic acid) made in the liver from cholesterol. CDCA is synthesised commercially from cholic acid and prescribed as gelatin-coated capsules containing 125 mg CDCA.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical approach to the oral dosage form of macromolecules: Effect of bile salts and oil-in-water emulsions on the intestinal absorption of urogastrone in the rat.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1974-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
RYOHEI HORI ◽  
KATSUHIKO OKUMURA ◽  
KENICHI INUI ◽  
NOBUKUNI NAKAMURA ◽  
AKIMA MIYOSHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Oral Dosage Form ◽  
Oil In Water

Abstract 106: Transintestinal Cholesterol Excretion and Macrophage Reverse Cholesterol Transport are not Stimulated in Hepatic ABCG8 Knockdown Mice Treated with an LXR Agonist

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison L McDaniel ◽  
Ryan E Temel ◽  
J M Brown ◽  
Richard G Lee ◽  
Mark J Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Biliary Cholesterol ◽  
Neutral Sterol ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette Transporter ◽  
Cholesterol Excretion ◽  
Biliary Cholesterol Secretion ◽  
Lxr Agonists ◽  
Cholesterol Secretion ◽  
Sterol Excretion

Transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) is a recently discovered pathway by which cholesterol travels from plasma to the small intestine for direct excretion into the feces. Hallmarks of animal models with TICE include severely diminished biliary cholesterol secretion but near normal levels of hepatic cholesterol and fecal neutral sterol excretion. Using an ATP binding cassette transporter G8 (ABCG8) antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) to knock down ABCG8 specifically in liver (G8 HKD ), we created a novel mouse model with significantly decreased biliary cholesterol excretion but a 658% increase in hepatic cholesterol accumulation and a 78% reduction in fecal neutral sterol excretion, indicating a dysfunction in the TICE pathway. LXR agonists have previously been shown to stimulate the TICE pathway. In order to more definitively prove the TICE pathway was disfunctional in G8 HKD mice, we treated wild type (WT) and G8 HKD mice with the LXR agonist T0901317 and measured markers of TICE stimulation. As expected, in WT mice, T0901317 doubled biliary cholesterol concentrations. A similar effect was seen in G8 HKD mice treated with T0901317, but biliary cholesterol concentrations remained significantly less than their WT counterparts. These levels of biliary cholesterol closely mirrored hepatic ABCG8 mRNA expression. T0901317 stimulated fecal neutral sterol excretion by >1000% in wild type mice but only by 190% in G8 HKD mice. These data indicate that TICE is disfunctional in G8 HDK mice since the pathway was not stimulated to the same extent in WT and G8 HKD mice by an LXR agonist. Some controversy remains over whether the TICE pathway transports macrophage derived cholesterol. In order to address this issue, we performed a macrophage RCT assay on WT and TICE disfunctional G8 HKD mice. T0901317 stimulated macrophage RCT (fecal neutral sterol 3H dpm) by >2300% in wild type mice but only by 370% in G8 HKD mice. T0901317 increased fecal acidic sterol 3H count by 65-75% in both wild type and G8 HKD mice. These results indicate that macrophage RCT is impaired when the TICE pathway is decreased. In sum, our data shows that hepatic ABCG8 plays a key role in the TICE pathway and that impairing the TICE pathway through hepatic ABCG8 knockdown causes decreased macrophage RCT.

Effect of glycodihydrofuisidate on sulfobromophthalein transport maximum in the hamster

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 1875-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Delage ◽  
M Dumont ◽  
S Erlinger
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Biliary Secretion ◽  
Biliary Lipid ◽  
Lipid Secretion ◽  
Dye Transport ◽  
Cholesterol Secretion

The effect on sulfobromophathalein transport maximum (Tm) and biliary lipid secretion of sodium glyco-24,25-dihydrofusicate, a micelle-forming compound secreted into bile, has been studied in the hamster and compared to that of a physiological bile salt, sodium taurocholate. Biliary phospholipid and cholesterol secretion increased both during glycodihydrofusidate and taurocholate administration, an observation which suggest that both compounds increased th biliary secretion of micelle-forming compounds. In contrast, only taurocholate increased sulfobromophthalein Tm into bile, while glycodihydrofusidate administration decreased it. This observation suggests that the increase in sulfobromophthalein Tm observed during taurocholate administration is not the result of micellar sequestration. It could rather be the consequence of a specific effect of bile salts on the dye transport system.

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