The Elastic Properties of the Human Great Saphenous Vein in Relation to Primary Varicose Veins

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kenneth Booking ◽  
Margot R. Roach
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Saphenous Veins ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Laplace’S Law ◽  
Primary Varicose Veins ◽  
Laplace's Law

Simultaneous measurements of pressure and volume were made on nine great saphenous veins obtained at autopsies and nine great saphenous veins that were stripped during surgery from patients with primary varicose veins. Similar measurements were also made on six great saphenous veins obtained at autopsy before and after they were held at 100 cm H2O for 4 h. Circumferential tensions were calculated from Laplace's law (tension = pressure × radius).The great saphenous veins from patients with primary varicose veins had significantly greater radii and were more distensible than the normal great saphenous veins. After being held at 100 cm H2O for 4 h, the normal great saphenous veins became less distensible and their radii at distending pressures increased.Due to the great difference in radii, the circumferential tension on a great saphenous vein from a patient with primary varicose veins is much greater than that on a normal great saphenous vein at the same distending pressure. However, the physical stresses exerted on the great saphenous veins during the stripping operations may influence our results in some unknown way.

scholarly journals Modification of Primary Avalvular Varicose Anomaly after endovenous radiofrequency ablation

Phlebologie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (06) ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Daniele Bissacco ◽  
Silvia Stegher ◽  
Fabio Massimo Calliari ◽  
Marco Piercarlo Viani
Keyword(s):  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Primary Varicose Veins ◽  
Partial Thrombosis

AbstractPrimary avalvular varicose anomaly (PAVA) is a new medical concept defined as primary varicose veins resembling neovascularized tissue on ultrasound examination. PAVAs could be misdiagnosed as recurrence at the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction, but no studies have yet examined their role before and after venous invasive procedure. In this report, we describe a case of PAVA in a 39-year-old man with symptomatic varicose veins and great saphenous vein truncal incompetence. Six months after radiofrequency ablation of the great saphenous vein, duplex ultrasound revealed complete occlusion of great saphenous vein and partial thrombosis of the still incompetent PAVA.

The Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on the Elastic Properties of Cat Veins

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kenneth Booking ◽  
Margot R. Roach
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Laplace’S Law ◽  
Set Up

Simultaneous measurements of pressure and volume were made on seven isolated external jugular veins and four femoral veins from cats. The measurements were made before and after the veins were held at an intraluminal pressure of 800 mm H2O. Circumferential tensions were calculated from Laplace's law (tension = pressure × radius). After being held at 800 mm H2O for periods of time up to 18 h, the resting radius of the vein increased and it became less distensible. Possible implications of these results concerning varicose veins are discussed. Since tension = pressure × radius, then as the radius increases and the pressure stays constant (as in varicose veins), the tension increases. If tension causes varicose veins then a vicious circle is set up which may result in the development of very severe varices.

Cyanoacrylate adhesive embolization and sclerotherapy for primary varicose veins

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Bellam Premnath ◽  
Binu Joy ◽  
Vijayakumar Akondi Raghavendra ◽  
Ajith Toms ◽  
Teena Sleeba
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Cyanoacrylate Glue ◽  
Cyanoacrylate Adhesive ◽  
Venous Clinical Severity Score ◽  
Primary Varicose Veins ◽  
Vein Reflux

Various treatment methods are available for the treatment of varicose veins, and there has been a recent surge in the usage of cyanoacrylate glue for treating varicose veins. Purpose To investigate the technical possibility, efficiency and safety of cyanoacrylate adhesive embolization and sclerotherapy using commonly available n-butyl cyanoacrylate glue for the treatment of primary varicose veins due to great saphenous vein reflux with or without incompetent perforators. Materials and Methods One hundred forty-five limbs of 124 patients with varicose veins due to great saphenous vein reflux were subjected to cyanoacrylate adhesive embolization and sclerotherapy – adhesive embolization of great saphenous vein in the thigh and perforators using cyanoacrylate followed by sclerotherapy of any residual varicose veins in the leg. Procedural success, venous closure rates and clinical improvement were assessed. Follow-up for 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months was obtained. Results Technical success rate was 100%. Saphenous vein closure rate was 96.5% at one year. There was no femoral venous extension of cyanoacrylate in any of the patients. Posterior tibial vein extension of cyanoacrylate was seen in three patients (2.6%) without untoward clinical effect.Significant improvement was found in venous clinical severity score (VCSS) from a baseline mean of 7.98 ± 4.42 to 4.74 ± 3, 1.36 ± 1.65 and 0.79 ± 1.19 at 1, 6 and 12 months’ follow-up. Ulcer healing rate was 100%. Conclusion Cyanoacrylate adhesive embolization and sclerotherapy for the treatment of primary varicose veins is efficacious and can be performed as an outpatient procedure, but has a guarded safety profile due to its propensity to cause deep venous occlusion if not handled carefully.

scholarly journals Vein Glue VenaSeal® for the Therapy in Case of Varicose Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Zierau UT
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Saphenous Veins ◽  
Deep Vein

The thrombosis in areas of the superficial truncal varicose veins and cutaneous veins is not a rare complication; it requires drug or surgical therapy if the thrombosis grows in the direction of deep veins. This situation is particularly striking in the case of thromboses of the great saphenous vein GSV and small saphenous vein SSV as well as other saphenous veins and leads to deep vein thrombosis in around 20% of cases. We will report about a case of SSV thrombosis and the catheter-based therapy of thrombosis following the therapy of truncal varicose vein SSV with VenaSeal® in one session.

scholarly journals Saphenous Ladder Formed by Almost Completely Duplicated Great Saphenous Vein

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Vasanthakumar Packiriswamy ◽  
Satheesha B Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Saphenous Veins ◽  
Left Lower Limb ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Complete Duplication ◽  
Femoral Triangle

Knowledge of normal as well as variant great saphenous vein is useful as it is the vein that can get varicosed; the vein that is used in bypass surgeries and the vein that is used for cannulation purpose. We observed almost complete duplication of the great saphenous vein in the left lower limb of an adult male cadaver. Both the great saphenous veins arose from the medial end of the dorsal venous arch and coursed parallel to each other throughout the limb. They united in the femoral triangle to form a short (1 inch long) common great saphenous vein. Common great saphenous vein terminated into the femoral vein. There were four communicating veins connecting the two great saphenous veins in the leg, giving the appearance of a venous ladder. Knowledge of this variation could be extremely useful in treatment of varicose veins of lower limb, in catheterizations and in various surgical procedures of the lower limb.

Sex steroid hormones are not altered in great saphenous veins after varicose vein treatment in male patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 310-317
Author(s):  
M Kendler ◽  
J Kratzsch ◽  
T Wetzig ◽  
J C Simon
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
High Ligation ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Saphenous Veins ◽  
Before And After

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess differences in blood samples (sex steroid hormone levels and blood counts) before and after surgical treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins (GSV) in males. Methods: Antecubital vein and GSV blood samples were taken from 11 men with varicose veins and GSV reflux before and after treatment. Six patients were treated with high ligation, stripping and phlebectomy. Five patients were treated with endoluminal radiofrequency ablation and phlebectomy. After a four-year follow-up period (FU) cubital vein and GSV blood samples were taken again. Results: In men with varicose veins, significantly higher ( P < 0.05) serum testosterone (median 25.18 nmol/L, range 8.82–225.1) and oestradiol (median 179 pmol/L, range 79–941) levels were found in the saphenous vein samples before and after the FU (testosterone 18.8 nmol/L, range 7.96–83.1, oestradiol 171 pmol/L range 125–304) compared with the cubital vein samples before therapy (testosterone 15.72 nmol/L, range 8.36–23.29; oestradiol 84 pmol/L, range 41–147) and after the FU (testosterone 14.5 nmol/L, range 6.10–22.2, oestradiol 117 pmol/L, range 95–165). After the FU, one patient demonstrated recurrent varicose veins with groin neovascularization. Another presented with axial reflux of the anterior accessory saphenous vein. Further differences in blood counts and serum androstenedione levels between the upper and lower extremities were not detected. Conclusion: The differences between testosterone and oestradiol levels in the leg veins compared with the cubital veins persist after treating men with refluxing saphenous veins. These results suggest that local hormone regulation may be different between leg and arm veins in men with varicose veins.

The condition of the veins of the femoral-iliac segment in patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
V. E. Mamaev ◽  
M. F. Musin ◽  
M. N. Malinovsky
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
The State ◽  
Contrast Study ◽  
Aneurysmal Dilatation ◽  
Saphenous Veins

In 70 patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities, the state of the venous bed of the femoral-iliac segment was studied by methods of proximal pelvic and retrograde-femoral phlebography. The characteristic radiological signs of varicose veins were found: ectasia of the iliac and femoral veins, failure of the valve of the sapheno-femoral anastomosis with reflux of the contrast agent into the great saphenous vein, aneurysmal dilatation of the mouth of the great saphenous vein, partial or complete insufficiency of the valves of the femoral vein. It was found that in 35.7% of cases, the cause of the development of hypertension and varicose veins of the saphenous veins was segmental narrowing of the veins and compression of the femoral vein in the region of the pupar ligament, various extravasal compression of the main veins of the femoral-iliac segment with bone protrusions, a cross-passing artery, and an enlarged uterus. It is recommended, when studying the venous hemodynamics of the lower extremities, simultaneously with the use of distal phlebography, to carry out a contrast study of the pelvic veins

scholarly journals CHIVA to spare the small and great saphenous veins after wrong-site surgery on a normal saphenous vein: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Puricelli Faccini ◽  
Ani Loize Arendt ◽  
Raphael Quintana Pereira ◽  
Alexandre Roth de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Surgical Team ◽  
Wrong Site Surgery ◽  
Saphenous Veins ◽  
Wrong Site

Abstract CHIVA (Cure Conservatrice et Hemodynamique de l’Insufficience Veineuse en Ambulatoire) is a type of operation for varicose veins that avoids destroying the saphenous vein and collaterals. We report a case of CHIVA treatment of two saphenous veins to spare these veins. The patient previously had a normal great saphenous vein stripped in error in a wrong-site surgery, while two saphenous veins that did have reflux were not operated. The patient was symptomatic and we performed a CHIVA operation on the left great and right small saphenous veins. The postoperative period was uneventful and both aesthetic and clinical results were satisfactory. This case illustrates that saphenous-sparing procedures can play an important role in treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Additionally, most safe surgery protocols do not adequately cover varicose veins operations. Routine use of duplex scanning by the surgical team could prevent problems related to the operation site.

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