COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF ALDOSTERONE AND HEAT ACCLIMATIZATION ON OXIDATIVE ENZYMES IN RAT TISSUES

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bedrak ◽  
V. Samoiloff
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Heat Acclimatization ◽  
Marked Rise ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The activities of several oxidative enzymes of liver, kidney, heart, and muscle tissue were compared in groups of rats treated with aldosterone, exposed to heat stress, and acclimatized to a hot environment. A single intraperitoneal injection of 2 μg D-aldosterone monoacetate/g body weight caused an increase in the activity of liver succinoxidase after 3 h and in kidney and heart succinoxidase after 8 h. Similarly, the activity of cytochrome oxidase was enhanced 8 h after a single injection of the mineralocorticoid. Repeated administration of 2 μg D-aldosterone monoacetate/g body weight for 16 days (chronic aldosterone) elicited a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in liver succinoxidase similar to that in heat stress (P < 0.05) and in acclimatization to a hot environment (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the activity of the succinoxidase of kidney, heart, and muscle tissues was slightly stimulated by the chronic aldosterone treatment, by heat stress, and by heat acclimatization. Although the activity of cytochrome oxidase of the liver and kidney was decreased by the chronic aldosterone treatment, heat stress, and heat acclimatization, there was a slight increase in the activity in that of heart and muscle. Most treatments elicited a marked rise in the activity of kidney xanthine oxidase (P < 0.01), whereas the enzyme activity of liver, heart, and muscle was relatively unaffected.

Blood serum enzyme activity of dogs exposed to heat stress and muscular exercise

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bedrak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Muscular Exercise ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Heat Acclimatization ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Ldh Activity ◽  
Before And After

The activity of several clinically important enzymes was determined in 11 Alsatian dogs exercised in a temperate environment, exposed to heat stress alone, and exercised in a hot environment before and after heat acclimatization. Enhanced activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) (P < 0.01), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) (P < 0.05), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), phosphohexose isomerase (PHI) (P < 0.05), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aldolase (ALD), and lipase (LIP) were observed in all dogs exposed to the various physiological stresses. The alteration in enzyme activities of acclimatized dogs was generally smaller than in nonacclimatized animals. Comparison between the two control groups (heat acclimatized versus nonacclimatized) indicates a significant increase in LDH activity (P < 0.01) and lower activities of PHI (P < 0.05), ACP (P < 0.05), and ALP (P < 0.01) in heat-acclimatized dogs. blood serum enzymes in acute stresses; muscular exercise in a hot environment; nonacclimatized dogs; heat-acclimatized dogs Submitted on August 17, 1964

Effect of muscular exercise in a hot environment on canine fibrinolytic activity

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1307-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bedrak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Fibrinolytic Enzyme ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Muscular Exercise ◽  
Heat Acclimatization ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Fibrin Plate

The effect of muscular exercise, heat stress, and muscular exercise plus heat stress on the euglobulin fibrinolytic enzyme system was determined in 11 Alsatian dogs prior to and after acclimatization in a hot environment. All the physiological stresses employed, particularly muscular exercise in a hot environment, enhanced the fibrinolytic activity and lowered plasma fibrinogen levels in all animals, especially in the nonacclimatized. The increased fibrinolytic activity, as measured by fibrin plate methods, was primarily related to plasminogen activator and to a lesser degree to active plasmin. In acclimatized animals at rest, the activity of plasminogen activator is lower, that of plasmin is relatively unchanged, while the level of plasma fibrinogen tends to be higher than in nonacclimatized animals at rest. euglobulin fibrinolytic activity and heat acclimatization in dogs; heat stress; plasminogen activator; plasmin fibrinogen and heat acclimatization; nonacclimatized and heat-acclimatized dogs Submitted on November 23, 1964

Influence of the timing of fluid ingestion on temperature regulation during exercise

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Montain ◽  
E. F. Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Fluid Ingestion ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ergometer Exercise

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether the timing of fluid ingestion affects thermoregulation during exercise-heat stress. On four occasions, seven endurance-trained cyclists [age 25 +/- 2 (SE) yr, body weight 70.5 +/- 3.3 kg, maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) 4.69 +/- 0.11 l/min] performed 140 min of cycle ergometer exercise at 62–66% of VO2max in a hot environment (33 degrees C dry bulb, 51% relative humidity, wind speed 2.5 m/s). The subjects drank 1,173 +/- 44 ml of a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage after 0 min (D0), 40 min (D40), or 80 min (D80) of exercise or consumed the same total volume in small aliquots throughout exercise (DT). The exercise-heat stress resulted in calculated sweating rates of approximately 1,200 ml/h and a body weight loss of 2.9 +/- 0.1% after 140 min of exercise. After fluid intake in the D0, D40, and D80 trials, there was a time period (approximately 40 min) in which the increases in serum osmolality and sodium concentration and the reduction in blood volume were attenuated. During that same time period, there was an attenuated rise in esophageal temperature (Tes; P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENINGKATAN RASIO KONSENTRAT DALAM RANSUM KAMBING PERANAKAN ETTAWAH DI LINGKUNGAN PANAS ALAMI TERHADAP KONSUMSI RANSUM, RESPONS FISIOLOGIS, DAN PERTUMBUHAN

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Arif Qisthon ◽  
Yusuf Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Hot Environment

ABSTRACT EFFECTS OF INCREASING CONCENTRATE RATIO IN THE RATION OF PERANAKAN ETTAWAH GOAT UNDER NATURAL HEAT  ENVIRONMENT ON FEED INTAKE, PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, AND GROWTH. The research was conducted to study the effect of increasing the proportion of concentrate in the ration of Peranakan Ettawah (PE) goats. Animals were maintained in a natural hot environment on feed consumption, physiological responses, and body weight gain. The study used three male goats of PE in Latin Square design. Treatment applied was an increase in the proportion of concentrate in three forage-concentrate ratio (F:C), R1 = 85:15%; R2 = 70:30%; and R3 = 55:45%. The results showed that the treatment ratio of F:C had no effect (P> 0.05) in feed intake, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and body weight gain. In contrast, treatment affected significantly (P <0.05) heart rate, as follows R1 vs. R2 and R1 vs. R3, whereas R2 and R3 were not significantly different (P> 0.05). Keywords: Rations, heat stress, physiological, goat

Nucleolar Segregation and Chronic Methanol Intoxication

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
Julio H. Garcia ◽  
Janice P. Van Zandt
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Methanol Intoxication ◽  
Intragastric Tube ◽  
Nucleolar Segregation

Repeated administration of methyl alcohol to Rhesus monkeys (Maccaca mulata) by intragastric tube resulted in ultrastructural abnormalities of hepatocytes, which persisted in one animal twelve weeks after discontinuation of the methyl alcohol regime. With dosages ranging between 3.0 to 6.0 gms. of methanol per kg. of body weight, the serum levels attained within a few hours averaged approximately 475 mg. per cent.

Potential anti-toxic effect of d-ribose-l-cysteine supplement on the reproductive functions of male rats administered cyclophosphamide

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel O. Oludare ◽  
Gbenga O. Afolayan ◽  
Ganbotei G. Semidara
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to access the protective effects of d-ribose-l-cysteine (DRLC) on cyclophosphamide (CPA) induced gonadal toxicity in male rats. Methods Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups of eight rats each. Group I the control, received distilled water (10 ml/kg), Group II received a single dose of CPA 100 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally (i.p), Groups III and IV received a single dose of CPA at 100 mg/kg (i.p) and then were treated with DRLC at 200 mg/kg bodyweight (b.w) and 400 mg/kg b.w for 10 days, respectively. Rats in Groups V and VI received DRLC at 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w for 10 days, respectively. DRLC was administered orally. Results Results showed that CPA increased percentage of abnormal sperm cells and reduced body weight, sperm count, sperm motility, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels (p<0.05). CPA also induced oxidative stress as indicated by the increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reduced activities of the oxidative enzymes measured (p<0.05). Liver enzymes were elevated while the blood cells production was decreased in the rats administered CPA. DRLC supplementation enhanced the antioxidant defence system as indicated in the reduced MDA levels and increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes when compared with CPA (p<0.05). Bodyweight, sperm count, sperm motility, FSH, and testosterone levels were increased in the CPA + DRLC II group compared with CPA (p<0.05). Conclusions The results of this present study showed that DRLC has a potential protective effect on CPA-induced gonadotoxicity.

Adaptation of rat liver and kidney antioxidant defenses after d-Amphetamine repeated administration

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Carvalho ◽  
Eduarda Fernandes ◽  
Fernando Remiño ◽  
Paulo Sousa ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals Properties of subunits of the multicatalytic proteinase complex revealed by the use of subunit-specific antibodies

1991 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Rivett ◽  
S T Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Multicatalytic Proteinase ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Lysosomal Proteinase

The multicatalytic proteinase (MCP) is a high-molecular-mass non-lysosomal proteinase that gives rise to a characteristic pattern of bands of molecular mass 22-34 kDa on SDS/PAGE gels. Isoelectric-focusing gels of the enzyme purified from rat liver show 16 bands with isoelectric points in the range of pH 5-8.5. Two-dimensional PAGE gels reveal that there are more than the previously reported 13 polypeptides associated with the MCP from rat liver and show a pattern of 15-20 major spots and several minor ones, similar to that of MCP isolated from some other sources. Possible relationships between the different polypeptides were investigated by immunoblot analysis of electrophoretically purified proteinase subunits with affinity-purified subunit-specific antibodies as well as antibodies raised against individual denatured subunits of the complex. The results demonstrate that many of the major polypeptide components of the MCP complex are antigenically distinct. Moreover comparison of immunoreactive material in crude cell extracts with that in purified MCP preparations has shown that the polypeptides are not derived from a smaller number of higher-molecular-mass subunits. Also, individual subunits have the same apparent molecular mass in a variety of rat tissues, suggesting close similarity between MCPs of different tissues. The highest concentrations of MCP subunits occur in liver and kidney. Gel-filtration analysis of crude extracts has demonstrated that MCP polypeptides are also associated with a higher-molecular-mass complex, which may be the 26 S proteinase that has been implicated in the degradation of ubiquitin-protein conjugates.

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