EXPERIMENTAL EXAMINATION OF THE MECHANISM OF PYRAMIDON EFFECT: III. EFFECT OF HIGH PYRAMIDON DOSES ON THE GLUTAMIC ACID–OXALOACETIC ACID TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY IN SERUM

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 899-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Á. Gy. Fazekas ◽  
I. Gy. Fazekas ◽  
B. Rengei
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Individual Sensitivity ◽  
Experimental Examination ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
The Individual

In five rabbits, the changes of glutamic acid – oxaloacetic acid transaminase (SGOT) activity in serum were examined after a Pyramidon treatment in which 75% of the single lethal dose was given for 5 days, divided in three doses. Depending on the individual sensitivity, SGOT activity became from 3 to 8 times higher. This increase appeared to be a result of extensive renal lesions.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMINATION OF THE MECHANISM OF PYRAMIDON EFFECT: III. EFFECT OF HIGH PYRAMIDON DOSES ON THE GLUTAMIC ACID–OXALOACETIC ACID TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY IN SERUM

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 899-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Á. Gy. Fazekas ◽  
I. Gy. Fazekas ◽  
B. Rengei
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Individual Sensitivity ◽  
Experimental Examination ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
The Individual

In five rabbits, the changes of glutamic acid – oxaloacetic acid transaminase (SGOT) activity in serum were examined after a Pyramidon treatment in which 75% of the single lethal dose was given for 5 days, divided in three doses. Depending on the individual sensitivity, SGOT activity became from 3 to 8 times higher. This increase appeared to be a result of extensive renal lesions.

CHANGES IN GLUTAMIC ACID – OXALOACETIC ACID – TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY IN THE LIVER AND KIDNEYS ON THE EFFECT OF HIGH DOSES OF PYRAMIDON (AMINOPYRINE)

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1189-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gy. Fazekas ◽  
Á. Gy. Fazekas ◽  
B. Rengei
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Renal Cells ◽  
Oxaloacetic Acid ◽  
High Doses

On each of 5 days, rabbits were given subcutaneously 75% of the single lethal dose of Pyramidon (aminopyrine), divided into three daily doses. The animals were killed on the 6th day and the degree of glutamic acid – oxaloacetic acid – transaminase activity of the liver and kidneys was examined. It could be established that activity in the liver increased by 41% and that of the kidneys by 87%. These values are correlated with the lesions which were previously noted in these organs. The increased seral activity as well as the ratio of activity of the organs of the treated and untreated animals is attributed to increased permeability and necrosis in hepatic and renal cells.

1,2-dichloroethane removal by Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk and Pseudomonas putida BCC 23535

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawitree Saiyood ◽  
Duangrat Inthorn ◽  
Alisa Vangnai ◽  
Paitip Thiravetyan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

The purpose of this work was to investigate the ability of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk and Pseudomonas putida BCC 23535 to remove 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) in contaminated water under hydroponic conditions. B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk is a representative mangrove plant that can tolerate high levels of 1,2-DCA with a lethal dose 50 (LD50) of 34.67 mM. A concentration of 10 mM 1,2-DCA was chosen in the present study because it had no adverse effect on the plant. Using B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk alone could completely remove 1,2-DCA over four cycles of 1,2-DCA exposure. P. putida BCC 23535 alone could also remove 1,2-DCA but the efficiency was lower than B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. The combination of B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk and P. putida BCC 23535 could completely remove 1,2-DCA within 6 days, which was more effective than the individual plants alone. P. putida BCC 23535 can be applied in 1,2-DCA contaminated water in groundwater which B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk can be used in above ground contaminated environments. Therefore, this study suggests that both B. gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk and P. putida BCC 23535 are alternative ways to treat 1,2-DCA in contaminated environments.

Carbon dioxide fixing pathways of glutamic acid synthesis in the rumen

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Milligan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Glutamate Synthesis ◽  
The Individual

Rumen contents were incubated with NaHCO3-14C and the pattern of incorporation of 14C into glutamic acid was determined. Label was found in C-1, C-2, and C-5 of glutamic acid. This distribution pattern suggested the simultaneous occurrence of the forward tricarboxylic acid (TCA), the atypical forward TCA, and the reverse TCA pathways of glutamate synthesis in the mixed rumen population; these pathways were estimated to account for 63%, 9%, and 28%, respectively, of the glutamate synthesized by pathways entailing CO2 fixation. The contributions of the individual pathways were not influenced by the ration of the host. The significance of these alternate pathways of glutamate synthesis in the metabolism of rumen microorganisms is discussed.

scholarly journals Od „śmierdzącego dudka” po banialuki. Obraz ptaków w literaturze renesansu i baroku – rekonesans

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 76-96
Author(s):  
Dariusz Chemperek
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Individual Sensitivity ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Fantastic ◽  
Agricultural Literature ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Second Category

Birds function in Polish literature of Renaissance and Baroque in three paradigms. Mostly they appear as creatures gifted with a symbolic (allegoric) meaning, seen through the prism of the tradition reaching to Aristotle’s Zoology, Physiologist, and later symbological compendia. The second category is describing birds as food or pests (especially in hunting and agricultural literature). Apart from this ‘practical’ paradigm, there is also a third one: birds as a source of an aesthetic thrill, fascination with them includes both lyricism and a ludic element. The first two categories fit into a more general utilitarian paradigm. Handbooks, treaties, sermons, fairy tales, paroemias and animal epigrams showcase birds almost exclusivelyas tools of moral, religious and conventional reflection, or as objects to be obtained and consumed. Interestingly, the symbological activity of the creators does not cease in the Renaissance and Baroque periods, the representatives of avifauna are burdened with new meanings, while the fantastic creatures slowly disappear from the creators’ fields of view. In the third group of works distinguished here, one can notice the phenomenon of the emancipation of birds as objects of interest just as they are, although their voice is heard mostly in the digressions scattered throughout the big epic works. The autonomy of birds in the literature of Renaissance and Baroque is not linear, the way of perceiving them is determined by the individual sensitivity of the authors, the most prominent of whom are Hieronim Morsztyn (early 17th century) and an anonymous translator of the Italian Adon (2nd half of the 17th century).

scholarly journals Honey bee as an alternative model invertebrate organism

2025 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 6140-2025
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDRA ŁOŚ ◽  
MAŁGORZATA BIEŃKOWSKA ◽  
ANETA STRACHECKA
Keyword(s):  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Proboscis Extension ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Explosive Devices

Insects perfectly fit the flagship principle of animal research – 3R: to reduce (the number of animals), to replace (animals with alternative models) and to refine (methods). Bees have the most important advantages of a model organism: they cause minimal ethical controversy, they have a small and fully known genome, and they permit the use of many experimental techniques. Bees have a fully functional DNMT toolkit. Therefore, they are used as models in biomedical/genetic research, e.g. in research on the development of cancer or in the diagnostics of mental and neuroleptic diseases in humans. The reversion of aging processes in bees offers hope for progress in gerontology research. The cellular mechanisms of learning and memory coding, as well as the indicators of biochemical immunity parameters, are similar or analogous to those in humans, so bees may become useful in monitoring changes in behavior and metabolism. Bees are very well suited for studies on the dose of the substance applied to determine the lethal dose or the effect of a formula on life expectancy. Honeybees have proven to be an effective tool for studying the effects of a long-term consumption of stimulants, as well as for observing behavioral changes and developing addictions at the individual and social levels, as well as for investigating the effects of continuously delivering the same dose of a substance. The genomic and physiological flexibility of bees in dividing tasks among workers in a colony makes it possible to create a Single- Cohort Colony (SCC) in which peers compared perform different tasks. Moreover behavioral methods (e.g. Proboscis Extension Reflex – PER, Sting Extension Reflex – SER, free flying target discrimination tasks or the cap pushing response) make it possible to analyse changes occurring in honeybee brains during learning and remembering. Algorithms of actions are created based on the behavior of a colony or individual, e.g. Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABCA). Honeybees are also model organisms for profiling the so-called intelligence of a swarm or collective intelligence. Additionally, they serve as models for guidance systems and aviation technologies. Bees have inspired important projects in robotics, such as B-droid, Robobee and The Green Brain Project. It has also been confirmed that the apian sense of smell can be used to detect explosive devices, such as TNT, or drugs (including heroin, cocaine, amphetamines and cannabis). This inconspicuous little insect can revolutionize the world of science and contribute to the solution of many scientific problems as a versatile model.

Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: The Pharmacist's Perspective

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Schneiderhan
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Critical Position ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents ◽  
Special Responsibility

Pharmacists are in a critical position when pharmaceutical agents are prescribed for the purpose of physician-assisted suicide and/or euthanasia and they may need to decide whether dispensing a lethal dose of a medication is ethically and morally acceptable for a patient. In many cases, pharmacists may not even be aware that prescriptions are intended for physician-assisted suicide and/or euthanasia. Pharmacists have a special responsibility to protect patients who are contemplating end-of-life decisions such as physician- assisted suicide and euthanasia. Pharmaceutical care (“Responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient's quality of life … ”) requires that the pharmacist not only understands the medications but also the individual patient and the complexities of their lives and suffering. Only in this way can pharmacists provide safe and effective use of medications for the patients they serve.

Can radiomic analysis of a single-phase dual-energy CT improve the diagnostic accuracy of differentiating enhancing from non-enhancing small renal lesions?

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110103
Author(s):  
Yuqin Ding ◽  
Mathias Meyer ◽  
Peijie Lyu ◽  
Francesca Rigiroli ◽  
Juan Carlos Ramirez-Giraldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Renal Lesion ◽  
P Values ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Selection Operator ◽  
The Individual

Background The value of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT)-based radiomics in renal lesions is unknown. Purpose To develop DECT-based radiomic models and assess their incremental values in comparison to conventional measurements for differentiating enhancing from non-enhancing small renal lesions. Material and Methods A total of 349 patients with 519 small renal lesions (390 non-enhancing, 129 enhancing) who underwent contrast-enhanced nephrographic phase DECT examinations between June 2013 and January 2020 on multiple DECT platforms were retrospectively recruited. Cohort A included all lesions, while cohort B included Bosniak II–IV and solid enhancing renal lesions. Radiomic models were built with features selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO). ROC analyses were performed to compare the diagnostic accuracy among conventional and radiomic models for predicting enhancing renal lesions. Results The individual iodine concentration (IC), normalized IC, mean attenuation on 75-keV images, radiomic model of iodine images, 75-keV images and a combined model integrating all the above-mentioned features all demonstrated high AUCs for predicting renal lesion enhancement in cohort A (AUCs = 0.934–0.979) as well as in the test dataset (AUCs = 0.892–0.962) of cohort B ( P values with Bonferroni correction >0.003). The AUC (0.864) of mean attenuation on 75-keV images was significantly lower than those of other models (all P values ≤0.001) except the radiomic model of 75-keV images ( P = 0.038) in the training dataset of cohort B. Conclusion No incremental value was found by adding radiomic and machine learning analyses to iodine images for differentiating enhancing from non-enhancing renal lesions.

Studies on reproduction in prolific ewes:8. The concentrations and rates of accretion of amino acids in the foetuses

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Robinson ◽  
I. McDonald ◽  
D. S. Brown ◽  
C. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Foetal Life ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
The Individual

SUMMARYData are presented for the amino acid contents of 64 litters of Suffolk × (Finnish Landrace × Dorset Horn) foetuses varying in gestational age from 90 to 145 days and in litter size from one to five. The concentrations of glycine, cystine, arginine, proline and hydroxyproline in foetal dry matter increased with age, those for threonine, serine, glutamic acid, valine and methionine remained fairly constant while those for aspartic acid, phenylalanine, histidine and lysine tended to decrease. The most pronounced of these age effects were for cystine and hydroxyproline which increased in concentrations by 60 and 100% respectively over the final 2 months of foetal life. The rates of accretion of the individual amino acids are discussed in relation to estimates of the amounts that may be supplied by microbial protein.

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