METABOLIC EFFECTS OF UREA ADMINISTRATION ON ACUTE HYPOTHERMIA IN RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 709-714
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Successful Resuscitation ◽  
Glucose Levels

Acute hypothermia (15 °C rectal temperature) has been induced in fasted rats with and without prior intraperitoneal administration of urea. In the hypothermic animal, not given urea, blood glucose and pH were significantly decreased; blood lactic acid, inorganic phosphorus, and packed cell volume were significantly increased; no alterations occurred in blood levels of pyruvic acid, total acid-soluble phosphorus, urea, nor amino nitrogen. Prior administration of urea prevented significant alterations of blood glucose and lactic acid in the cooled animal. In the non-cooled animal, urea treatment resulted in elevated blood glucose levels. These effects are discussed in relation to the beneficial action of urea in permitting successful resuscitation and survival in a normal condition of rats cooled to rectal temperatures of 0–3 °C.

METABOLIC EFFECTS OF UREA ADMINISTRATION ON ACUTE HYPOTHERMIA IN RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-714
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Successful Resuscitation ◽  
Glucose Levels

Acute hypothermia (15 °C rectal temperature) has been induced in fasted rats with and without prior intraperitoneal administration of urea. In the hypothermic animal, not given urea, blood glucose and pH were significantly decreased; blood lactic acid, inorganic phosphorus, and packed cell volume were significantly increased; no alterations occurred in blood levels of pyruvic acid, total acid-soluble phosphorus, urea, nor amino nitrogen. Prior administration of urea prevented significant alterations of blood glucose and lactic acid in the cooled animal. In the non-cooled animal, urea treatment resulted in elevated blood glucose levels. These effects are discussed in relation to the beneficial action of urea in permitting successful resuscitation and survival in a normal condition of rats cooled to rectal temperatures of 0–3 °C.

THE EFFECT OF THE PROGESTOGEN ETHYNODIOL DIACETATE ON GLUCOSE, INSULIN, AND GROWTH HORMONE AFTER SIX MONTHS TREATMENT

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Spellacy ◽  
W. C. Buhi ◽  
S. A. Birk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethynodiol Diacetate ◽  
Tolerance Curve

ABSTRACT Seventy-one women were treated with a daily dose of 0.25 mg of the progestogen ethynodiol diacetate. They were all tested with a three-hour oral glucose tolerance test before beginning the steroid and then again during the sixth month of use. Measurements were made of blood glucose and plasma insulin and growth hormone levels. There was a significant elevation of the blood glucose levels after steroid treatment as well as a deterioration in the tolerance curve in 12.9% of the women. The plasma insulin values were also elevated after drug treatment whereas the fasting ambulatory growth hormone levels did not significantly change. There was a significant association between the changes in glucose and insulin levels and the subject's age, control weight, or weight gain during treatment. The importance of considering the metabolic effects of the progestogen component of oral contraceptives is stressed.

Influence of Lactobacillus brevis 15 and Lactobacillus plantarum 13 on blood glucose and body weight in rats after high-fructose diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yakovlieva ◽  
T. Tacheva ◽  
S. Mihaylova ◽  
R. Tropcheva ◽  
K. Trifonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

In recent years, many authors have investigated the possible antidiabetic effect of lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus species constitute a major part of the lactic acid bacteria group and have been found to exhibit beneficial effects on the development of diabetes and its complications. In the current study, we investigated the effects of newly characterised Bulgarian Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus brevis 15 and Lactobacillus plantarum 13, on blood glucose levels and body weight of rats fed a fructose-enriched diet. An experiment was conducted over a period of 8 weeks with 24 2-month-old Wistar rats randomly assigned to receive a standard diet (Con, control group), fructose-enriched diet (Fr group), standard diet with probiotics given twice a week (Pro group), and fructose-enriched diet with probiotics given twice a week (Pro+Fr group). At the end of the experimental period, a statistically significant increase in body weight was observed in all experimental groups (P<0.0001). The highest rise was seen in the fructose group (Fr, 169±19 g), followed by the Pro+Fr group (153±15 g), Pro group (149±13 g), and Con group (141±5 g). Moreover, the final blood glucose levels had risen significantly in the groups receiving fructose either without (Fr; P<0.0001) or with lactobacilli (Pro+Fr; P=0.002), while the rise was insignificant in the group of rats given probiotic supplementation only (Pro, P=0.071) and inexistent in the Con group (P=0.999). The highest elevation of blood glucose levels was observed in the Fr group (3.18 mmol/l), followed by the Pro+Fr group (2.00 mmol/l) whereas the Pro group showed the lowest levels (0.60 mmol/l). The results of our study suggest that the newly characterised Bulgarian Lactobacillus strains, L. brevis 15 and L. plantarum 13, could be considered as possible probiotics and might be able to prevent some metabolic disturbances.

METABOLIC EFFECTS OF DIETARY PROTEIN LEVEL WITH CALORIC RESTRICTION IN COLD-EXPOSED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton ◽  
T. Orme ◽  
A. Turner ◽  
J. Laufer
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Dietary Protein Level ◽  
Isocaloric Diets ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Male albino rats were fed isocaloric diets (5%, 20%, and 40% protein and 10% corn oil by weight) in restricted amounts (6 g/rat per day) at environmental temperatures of 22 °C and 2 °C. Measurements were made of urinary excretion of nitrogen, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and creatinine, of blood levels of glucose, urea, amino nitrogen, packed cell volume, and serum total proteins and of body contents of protein, moisture, and total crude fatty acids. Metabolic effects of food restriction were readily apparent at 22 °C and the diet appeared to play a role in modifying some of these effects in approximate proportion to the dietary protein level. With superimposition of cold exposure, metabolic differences among groups were decreased in degree with some suggestive evidence of a beneficial effect of increased dietary protein level and of a deleterious effect of decreased dietary protein (high carbohydrate) under these conditions.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic Activity of Aqueous Extracts fromCatharanthus roseus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Vega-Ávila ◽  
José Luis Cano-Velasco ◽  
Francisco J. Alarcón-Aguilar ◽  
María del Carmen Fajardo Ortíz ◽  
Julio César Almanza-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Free Fraction ◽  
Hypoglycemic Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Stem Extract

Introduction.Catharanthus roseus(L.) is used in some countries to treat diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of extracts from the flower, leaf, stem, and root in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic mice.Methods. Roots, leaves, flowers, and stems were separated to obtain organic and aqueous extracts. The blood glucose lowering activity of these extracts was determinate in healthy and alloxan-induced (75 mg/Kg) diabetic mice, after intraperitoneal administration (250 mg/Kg body weight). Blood samples were obtained and blood glucose levels were analyzed employing a glucometer. The data were statistically compared by ANOVA. The most active extract was fractioned. Phytochemical screen and chromatographic studies were also done.Results. The aqueous extracts fromC. roseusreduced the blood glucose of both healthy and diabetic mice. The aqueous stem extract (250 mg/Kg) and its alkaloid-free fraction (300 mg/Kg) significantly () reduced blood glucose in diabetic mice by 52.90 and 51.21%. Their hypoglycemic activity was comparable to tolbutamide (58.1%, ).Conclusions. The best hypoglycemic activity was presented for the aqueous extracts and by alkaloid-free stem aqueous fraction. This fraction is formed by three polyphenols compounds.

METABOLIC EFFECTS OF THREE DIETARY PROTEIN LEVELS FED ISOCALORICALLY TO COLD-EXPOSED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton ◽  
T. Orme ◽  
J. Laufer ◽  
A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Dietary Protein Level ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Male albino rats were fed isocalorically on diets containing 5%, 20%, and 40% protein (casein) and 10% corn oil by weight at environmental temperatures of 22 °C and 2 °C. Since the 5% protein fed group consumed less than normal amounts of food, consequently the food intake of all groups was moderately restricted. Measurements were made of urinary excretion of nitrogen, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and creatinine, of blood levels of glucose, urea, amino nitrogen, packed cell volume, and serum total proteins and of total body content of protein, water, and crude fatty acids. Metabolic effects of dietary protein level were readily apparent at both environmental temperatures. Unlike earlier studies with ad libitum and severely restricted feeding, superimposition of cold exposure did not eliminate metabolic differences among groups. As observed in previous studies, reduction of dietary protein level from 20% to 5% had a deleterious effect in cold-exposed rats. In the present study no beneficial effects due to increasing dietary protein level from 20% to 40% were observed.

scholarly journals Anhuienoside C Attenuates Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932582093901
Author(s):  
Chengjian Wang ◽  
Yingsong Jiang ◽  
Keping Yu ◽  
Ke Liu ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Podocyte Injury ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation

Objective: The present study evaluated the nephroprotective effects of anhuienoside C (AC) against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. Material and Methods: Diabetic nephropathy was induced by administration of a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ; 30 mg/kg) at the end of the fourth week of this protocol. Effects of AC on blood glucose levels, renal function markers, and mediators of inflammation in the serum of DN rats were assessed. Results: Anhuienoside C treatment reduced the blood glucose levels and attenuated the increased levels of renal injury markers in DN rats. Anhuienoside C also increased podocyte counts; alleviated the changes in podocin, desmin, and nephrin protein levels; and ameliorated the altered pathophysiology in the kidney tissues induced by DN. Compared with the DN group, the levels of inflammatory markers and mediators of oxidative stress were reduced in the serum and kidney tissues of the AC-treated groups. Moreover, treatment with AC ameliorates the altered expression of podocin, nephrin, and desmin proteins in the renal tissue of HFD/STZ-induced kidney-injured rats. Conclusion: In conclusion, AC protected against podocyte injury by regulating nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells/protein kinase B pathway in a rat model of DN.

CHANGES IN LEVELS OF BLOOD CONSTITUENTS DURING FATTENING OF HEREFORD AND ANGUS COWS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-408
Author(s):  
D. M. BOWDEN ◽  
R. HIRONAKA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Glucose Levels

Blood samples were taken after 36, 94, and 136 days on feed from 20 Angus and 20 Hereford nonpregnant, nonlactating cows being fattened on two diets of similar caloric content. Carcass measurements averaged 31 mm for backfat and 4.3 for marbling score when the animals were slaughtered soon after the third blood sampling. Blood PCV and hemoglobin levels increased (P < 0.05) from 36 to 94 days on feed but did not change significantly from 94 to 136 days. Blood glucose and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration increased (P < 0.05) from 36 to 136 days. Total plasma cholesterol levels increased (P < 0.05) from 36 to 94 days on feed and then decreased (P < 0.05) to 136 days; however, the levels at 136 days remained higher (P < 0.05) than at 36 days. Plasma triglyceride levels tended to increase through the trial, but the changes were not significant. Plasma NEFA levels increased (P < 0.05) from 94 to 136 days. Angus cows had higher (P < 0.05) PCV values and blood glucose levels than Hereford cows only at 136 days. Body weight gains in the period from 94 to 136 days on feed were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with changes in the same period in blood levels of glucose (r = 0.46), total cholesterol (r = 0.67), and triglycerides (r = 0.49). Results of this study suggest that even after long periods of high energy feeding, the metabolism of fattening cows was still adjusting, as indicated by changes in levels of some blood constituents.

METABOLIC EFFECTS OF THREE DIETARY PROTEIN LEVELS FED ISOCALORICALLY TO COLD-EXPOSED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton ◽  
T. Orme ◽  
J. Laufer ◽  
A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Dietary Protein Level ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Male albino rats were fed isocalorically on diets containing 5%, 20%, and 40% protein (casein) and 10% corn oil by weight at environmental temperatures of 22 °C and 2 °C. Since the 5% protein fed group consumed less than normal amounts of food, consequently the food intake of all groups was moderately restricted. Measurements were made of urinary excretion of nitrogen, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and creatinine, of blood levels of glucose, urea, amino nitrogen, packed cell volume, and serum total proteins and of total body content of protein, water, and crude fatty acids. Metabolic effects of dietary protein level were readily apparent at both environmental temperatures. Unlike earlier studies with ad libitum and severely restricted feeding, superimposition of cold exposure did not eliminate metabolic differences among groups. As observed in previous studies, reduction of dietary protein level from 20% to 5% had a deleterious effect in cold-exposed rats. In the present study no beneficial effects due to increasing dietary protein level from 20% to 40% were observed.

scholarly journals Obesitas Sentral terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Postprandial pada Pegawai Laki-Laki Dewasa di Lingkungan Kerja

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Andini Bakti Putri ◽  
Anita Anita
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

<p>Type 2 diabetes patients as much as 80% are overweight (obese). The obesity rate in Lampung province is 8.7%. The lowest prevalence of central obesity is 2.2% in North Lampung and 35.9% is highest in Metro city. Obesity causes changes in body cells to become resistant to the hormone insulin, so that blood levels increase. The effect of it is that insulin-producing cells work harder and become gradually damaged, these are the reason that causes an increase in the number of diabetics. The purpose of this study to determine the relations of central obesity to postprandial blood glucose levels in adult male employees at Lampung University. This research used a cross-sectional approach. The sample of this research is all male employees of Lampung University with ages of 26-45 years determined by consecutive sampling. 65 respondents like to check postprandial blood glucose levels. The data were analyzed by using the Chi-Square test. Most of the respondents had abnormal postprandial blood glucose levels (67.7%) than respondents who had normal postprandial blood glucose levels (32.3%). Based on bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test, the relation of central obesity and postprandial blood glucose levels in male adult employees in Lampung University with a p-value of 0.001. There is a relationship between central obesity in adult male employees and postprandial blood glucose levels at Lampung University.</p>

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