Correlations between aortic stiffness and parasympathetic autonomic function in healthy volunteers

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1166-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Nemes ◽  
Róbert Takács ◽  
Henriette Gavallér ◽  
Tamás T. Várkonyi ◽  
Tibor Wittmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Sympathetic Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex Tests ◽  
Parasympathetic Function ◽  
Aortic Strain

Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and alterations in vascular elasticity are known complications of several disorders, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, aging, and chronic kidney disease. The current study was designed to test whether a relationship existed between pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), aortic elastic properties, and cardiovascular autonomic function in healthy volunteers. The study comprised 25 healthy volunteers, whose aortic strain, distensibility, and stiffness index were measured by echocardiography, whereas PWV and AIx were evaluated by Arteriograph (TensioMed, Budapest, Hungary) in all cases. Autonomic function was assessed by means of 5 standard cardiovascular reflex tests. We found that heart rate response to deep breathing, as the most reproducible cardiovascular reflex test to characterize parasympathetic function, showed low to moderate correlations with PWV (r = –0.431, p = 0.032), aortic strain (r = 0.594, p = 0.002), distensibility (r = 0.407, p = 0.043), and stiffness index (r = –0.453, p = 0.023). Valsalva ratio and autonomic neuropathy score (ANS) correlated with PWV (r = –0.557, p = 0.004 and r = –0.421, p = 0.036, respectively) and AIx (r = –0.461, p = 0.020 and r = –0.385, p = 0.057, respectively), while ANS correlated with even aortic stiffness index (r = –0.457, p = 0.022). Cardiovascular reflex tests mainly characterizing sympathetic function had no correlation with aortic stiffness parameters (p = NS for all correlations). Correlations exist between parameters characterizing aortic elasticity and parasympathetic autonomic function, as shown by standard cardiovascular reflex tests in healthy volunteers.

The Relationship Between Serum Endocan Level and Aortic Elastic Properties in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Essential Hypertension

Angiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Çelik ◽  
Erdoğan Sökmen ◽  
Serkan Sivri ◽  
Cahit Uçar ◽  
Rukiye Nar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aortic Elastic Properties ◽  
Aortic Strain

Endothelial dysfunction plays role in the generation of both essential hypertension (EH) and aortic stiffness. We evaluated the relationship between serum endocan level and aortic elastic properties (AEPs) assessed with the aortic strain, aortic distensibility, and aortic stiffness index by echocardiography. Newly diagnosed EH patients (n = 67) and controls (n = 70) were included in the study. The EH group was subdivided into stage 1 and 2 EH groups. A higher endocan level was found in the EH group, compared to the controls (34.2 ± 13.0 vs 24.1 ± 7.3 ng/mL, respectively, P < .001). All the AEP parameters were worse in the EH group, compared to the controls. Further, endocan levels correlated with aortic distensibility ( r = −0.305, P < .001) and aortic strain ( r = −0.181, P = .038), but not with aortic stiffness index ( r = 0.162, P = .064) in the whole study population. Aortic elastic properties deteriorate and serum endocan level increases in patients with EH. Moreover, serum endocan level shows a correlation with deteriorated AEPs, and hence may a surrogate marker of escalating aortic stiffness in patients with newly diagnosed EH.

Aortic elastic properties are impaired in patients with Graves’ ophtalmopathy

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akcay ◽  
Akcay ◽  
Yeter ◽  
Durmaz ◽  
Keles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Aortic Elastic Properties ◽  
Aortic Strain

Backround: Aortic elastic properties have been shown to be an important predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Hyperthyroidism was shown to be an important cause of impaired aortic elastic properties both due to the direct effect of the thyroid hormones on the aorta and also due to modulating effects of thyroid hormones on the vascular renin angiotensin system. However, there is no study investigating the aortic elastic properties in Graves’s patients who were euthyroid. The goal of the present study was to investigate the aortic elastic properties of patients with Graves’ Ophtalmopathy (GO) who had been euthyroid for at least 3 months. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 47 GO patients and 27 controls. Aortic-diastolic and aortic-systolic diameters, aortic strain, aortic distensibility, and aortic stiffness indices were calculated from the diameter of the thoracic aorta as measured by transthoracic echocardiography. Results: The aortic stiffness index was markedly increased (31 ± 26 vs. 17 ± 8.9; p = 0.015) and aortic strain was markedly reduced (20.3 ± 10 % vs. 25.9 ± 12 %; p = 0.046) in the GO group relative to the control group. Aortic distensibility was statistically significantly decreased in the GO group as compared to the control group (9.5 ± 5.7 10-3/kPa vs. 13.5 ± 7.1 10-3/kPa; p = 0.022). Weak correlations were detected between GO severity and aortic distensibility (r = -0.333, p = 0.011) as well as the aortic stiffness index (r = 0.266, p = 0.044). Conclusions: Aortic elastic properties were impaired in patients with GO. Therefore, patients with GO, especially those with severe manifestations of the condition, should be followed closely with regard to the occurrence of future cardiovascular events.

EVALUATION OF ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE ASCENDING AORTA IN MALE TOBACCO ADDICTS BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

2014 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Minh Hoa Tran ◽  
Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Smoking ◽  
Aortic Strain

Background: Cigarette smoking causes endothelial cell injury, loss of smoothness, elasticity, it would be easy to form plaques in the endothelium. Etude of elasticity of ascending aorta by echocardiography in male smokers contribute to the assessment of vascular changes through indices such as aortic strain, aortic stiffness, aortic distensibility. Aim: was to estimate the effects of chronic smoking on the elastic properties of the ascending aorta. Material and Methods: this study was carried on 180 male subject, 90 smokers, mean age 37.56 ± 7.31 and 90 healthy male non-smokers with similar age. They are all under echocardiography to measure systolic aortic diameter and diastolic aortic diameter, determine the indexes such as: aortic strain, aortic stiffness, aortic distensibility and blood pressure simultaneously. Results: strain index and aortic distensibility is significantly lower in smokers than the control group, whereas stiffness index in smokers is higher than the control group with p <0.001. Conclusions: In tobacco addicts, smoking change the elasticity of the aorta, so it is a predictor of cardiovascular risk factors. Keywords: Tobacco addicts, aortic elastic properties, echocardiography

SURVEY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMOKING STATUS AND ELASTIC INDEXES OF THE ASCENDING AORTA BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN MALE TOBACCO ADDICTS

2014 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strain Index ◽  
Chronic Smoking ◽  
Aortic Strain

Background: Many studies has reported that chronic smoking affects arterial stiffness. Smoking causes changes in both peripheral and central blood vessel function, even in young or middle-aged smokers. Echocardiography is a noninvasive and simple test, simply, to help evaluate the elastic properties of ascending aorta through the indices such as aortic strain, aortic stiffness, aortic distensibility. Aim: To determine the association between smoking status and elastic indexes of the ascending aortia measured by echocardiography. Material and Methods: this study was carried on 180 male subject, 90 smokers, mean age 37.56 ± 7.31 years and 90 healthy male non-smokers with similar age. Echocardiography was done with the following indexes: systolic and diastolic aortic diameter, aortic strain, aortic stiffness, aortic distensibility and blood pressure. Relationship between these indexes and duration of smoking was determined. Results: In group of smoking <17 pack one year, the indices of aortic elasticity is not different from the control group, p> 0,05. In group of smoking ≥ 17 pack year, strain index and aortic distensibility are significantly lower than the control group, whereas stiffness index is higher than the control group with p <0.001. Strain index and aortic distensibility of the ascending aorta were negatively correlated with duration of smoking, with p <0.0001. Stiffness index is positively correlated with duration of smoking, with p <0.0001. Conclusions: Smoking have decreased ascending aortic distensibility compared to non-smokers in a manner is related to duration of smoking. Keywords: Duration of smoking, aortic elastic properties, echocardiography

Cardiovascular Reflexes in Patients With Vascular Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 360-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Martín ◽  
Cristina Ribera ◽  
Jose Manuel Moltó ◽  
Carolina Ruiz ◽  
Luz Galiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflexes ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Vascular Headache ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex

We have investigated the autonomic function of 75 patients with migraine by examining cardiovascular reflex function. The results were compared with those of 78 healthy volunteers. Measurements were made between attacks. Patients with migraine showed a smaller heart-rate response to deep breathing but a greater heart-rate response and higher blood pressure to standing when compared to controls. Migraine patients had a higher percentage of established sympathetic lesions (51% vs 17%) and severe (25% vs 5%) or atypical (24% vs 11.5%) global autonomic dysfunction. No significant differences were found among patients with migraine with aura, migraine without aura, and migraine with prolonged aura. Our findings indicate that patients with migraine have sympathetic hypofunction.

scholarly journals Low serum 25-Hydroxy (OH) vitamin D levels are associated with increased arterial stiffness in healthy children: An echocardiographic study from Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Azak ◽  
İlker Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D ◽  
Aortic Strain ◽  
Group 1

Objective: Arterial stiffness refers to arterial wall rigidity, particularly in central vessels, and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. 25-Hydroxy (OH) vitamin D has beneficial effects on blood pressure, vascular endothelial function, and arterial stiffness. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the role of 25-OH vitamin D deficiency in arterial stiffness development and its relationship with arterial stiffness in healthy children. Methods: This study included 80 patients with low levels of 25-OH vitamin D and 40 healthy control. The study participants were then divided into three groups: group 1 consisted of patients with a deficient 25-OH D level of < 19.9 ng/mL, group 2 with an insufficient 25-OH D level between 20-29.9 ng/mL; group 3 were considered control group with a sufficient serum 25-OH vitamin D level of ≥30 ng/mL. Aortic strain, distensibility, stiffness index, and standard left ventricular measurements were calculated using M-mode echocardiographic data. Results: Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and interventricular septal diastolic thickness (IVSTd) appeared to increase in group 1 compared to groups 2 and 3. Aortic strain and distensibility were significantly decreased in group 1, whereas aortic stiffness index and elastic modulus were significantly increased. The aortic stiffness index was negatively correlated with serum 25-OH vitamin D levels; however, aortic strain, aortic distensibility, and LVMI were positively correlated. Conclusions: Our study results revealed a significant relationship between 25-OH vitamin D levels indicative of a deficiency and aortic stiffness. We suggest that arterial stiffness may also occur in healthy children with a 25-OH vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Assessment of Aortic Elasticity and the Doppler Tissue Echocardiography in Thalassemia Major Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e63-e73
Author(s):  
Noor Mohammad Noori ◽  
Alireza Teimouri ◽  
Kambiz Keshavarz ◽  
Malihe Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Aortic Strain

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are the most common illness that needs special medical care in thalassemia particularly in children and adolescents. We aimed to compare aortic stiffness in thalassemia major and healthy children. The study included 65 asymptomatic thalassemia major 6 to 19-year–old children without known history of heart disease and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Arterial stiffness indices determined using two-dimensional (2D) and Doppler echocardiography. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 with 0.05 as significant error. From the study, results showed that systolic (p = 0.009) and diastolic (p < 0.001) blood pressures were higher in controls. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was higher in patients (p < 0.001). Aortic stiffness index (p < 0.001), pulse pressure (p < 0.001), and pressure strain elastic modulus (p < 0.001) were higher in patients, while aortic strain (p < 0.002) and aortic distensibility (p < 0.001) were lower significantly. Aortic stiffness index was correlated with diastole aorta (p = 0.005), systole aorta (p < 0.001), and LVMI (p < 0.001). Strain was correlated with diastole aorta (p < 0.001). Pulse pressure was correlated with systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.002) significantly. Aortic distensibility was correlated with systolic blood pressure (p = 0.039) and diastole aorta (p < 0.001) significantly. The pressure strain elastic modulus was correlated only with diastole aorta (p = 0.029). Concluded, aortic stiffness index, pulse pressure, and pressure strain elastic modulus were higher in thalassemia children, while aortic strain and aortic distensibility were lower. This increase may result in reduction of mechanical efficiency of the heart. Therefore, assessment of aortic elastic properties as nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors may contribute to the identification of cardiovascular risks in children with thalassemia

P1820New parameters for the evaluation of mechanic and elastic properties of the aortic root in Marfan Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Torres Sanabria ◽  
E Garcia Izquierdo Jaen ◽  
V Monivas Palomero ◽  
A Forteza Gil ◽  
S Navarro Rico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Wall Displacement ◽  
Aortic Strain

Abstract Background Elastic properties of the thoracic aorta in patients with Marfan Syndrome (MS) have already been evaluated with classic echocardiographic parameters. In the latest years the use of Speckle-Tracking (STE) ecocardiography has been widely extended. Our aim is to describe and provide new parameters of aortic deformation measured by STE in patients with MS. Methods 95 unoperated adult patients with MS and 32 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. We measured classic parameters of the aortic root using 2D echocardiography. We calculated the posterior aortic wall systolic excursion at the sinuses of Valsalva and ascending aorta using M Mode in TDI colour; with ST 2D ecocardiography we measured the aortic strain at the sinuses of Valsalva (SV) and the anterior and posterior aortic wall displacement at the SV. Aortic distensibility was calculated using the formula: 1000 * (Ds − Dd)/Dd * 1/(Ps − Pd) in mmHg–1 (Ds: systolic and Dd: diastolic diameters, Ps systolic and Pd diastolic blood pressure). Aortic stiffness index was calculated as Ln((Ps/Pd)/(Ds-Dd)/Dd)). Results As shown in the table bellow, patients with MS had lower aortic strain, aortic anterior and posterior wall displacement and impaired aortic distensibility and stiffness index compared to healthy controls. We found a strong negative linear correlation between aortic root diameter at the SV and aortic root strain (r=−0.56, figure 1). Results of statistical analysis MS (n=95) Controls (n=32) p Age (years) 32.84±12.35 32.41±7.98 0.85 Aortic root diameter at the sinuses of Valsalva (mm) 38.82±5.35 30.92±3.65 <0.001 Aortic root strain (%) 4.66±2.45 9.19±2.49 <0.001 Anterior aortic wall displacement STE (mm) 10.39±3.64 13.10±2.26 <0.001 Posterior aortic wall displacement STE (mm) 9.02±2.87 11.04±1.82 <0.001 Aortic distensibility 0.98±0.46 1.37±0.72 0.01 Aortic stiffness index 3.74±0.43 3.47±0.51 0.01 MS = Marfan Syndrome; STE = Speckle Tracking Ecocardiography. Figure 1. Dispersion plot Conclusions Our results suggest that aortic deformation and displacement obtained by STE echocardiography is impaired in MS, showing a reduced distensibility and an increased stiffness of the aortic wall, with a strong negative correlation between aortic root dilation and aortic strain. All these parameters may be useful as additional tools for the diagnosis and follow-up of Marfan patients, and could be useful to to improve the echocardiographic evaluation of the aortic root.

scholarly journals P1503 Aortic root distensibility and stiffness assessed by echocardiography as predictors of coronary artery lesion severity in patients undergoing coronary angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H M El-Naggar ◽  
H S Anwar ◽  
H A Helmy ◽  
S R Demitry
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
Aortic Strain

Abstract Background Aortic stiffness (AS) and distensibility (AD) have been shown as predictors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aim: To assess the relation of aortic stiffness and distensibility using simple two-dimensional (2D) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) derived measures with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) assessed using the syntax score (SS), evaluating which of these measures has better predictivity for CAD severity. Methods We prospectively enrolled 150 individuals who underwent elective coronary angiography for suspected CAD, out of them 29 subjects (19.3%) had normal angiographic findings, while 121 (80.7%) subjects had CAD for whom the SS was calculated. All patients underwent simple 2D and TDI echocardiographic assessment of AS and AD. Results Patients with CAD had significantly higher aortic stiffness and elastic modulus and significantly lower aortic distensibility, aortic strain, aortic peak systolic and peak early diastolic velocities compared to those without CAD. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that decreased aortic distensibility, aortic strain, aortic peak early diastolic velocity and increased elastic modulus were predictors for the severity and complexity of CAD. However, along with diabetes, increased aortic stiffness index (&gt; 17.7) was the only independent predictor of CAD severity, carrying twice the odds of having moderate-high syntax score (OR= 2.19, 95% CI= 0.97 – 4.95, p&lt; 0.05). Conclusion Aortic stiffness index can be a screening tool for detecting patients with more severe CAD. Univariate analysis Multivariate analysis Variables Odd’s ratio 95% confidence interval P value Odd’s ratio 95% confidence interval P value Age (years) 0.98 0.94-1.01 0.3 – –- – Sex (male) 1.52 0.58- 3.94 0.3 – –- – Smoking 1.21 0.59- 2.50 0.5 – –- – Diabetes mellitus 5.00 2.29-10.90 0.000 4.99 2.21- 11.31 0.000 Body mass index 0.93 0.83- 1.04 0.2 – –- – ↓↓ Distensibility (≤3.8)* 2.62 1.08- 4.70 0.02 2.01 0.91- 4.46 0.08 ↑↑ Stiffness index (&gt;17.7)* 2.06 0.99- 4.27 0.05 2.19 0.97- 4.95 &lt;0.05 ↑↑ Elastic modulus (&gt;68.7)* 2.22 1.06- 4.64 0.03 2.01 0.91- 4.45 0.08 ↓↓ Aortic strain (≤9.3%)* 2.04 0.97- 4.27 0.05 1.64 0.73- 3.67 0.2 ↓↓ SAo (≤7cm/sec) 1.49 0.71- 3.12 0.2 – –- – ↓↓ EAo (≤9cm/sec) 2.30 1.08- 4.90 0.03 1.80 0.79- 4.10 0.1 Predictors of severity and complexity of CAD

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