Erratum: Comparison of communities of ectomycorrhizal fungi in old-growth and maturestands of Douglas-fir at two sites on southern Vancouver Island

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
D M Goodman ◽  
J A Trofymow
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Old Growth

Occurrence of Piloderma fallax in young, rotation-age, and old-growth stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in the Cascade Range of Oregon, U.S.A.

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 995-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Smith ◽  
R Molina ◽  
M MP Huso ◽  
M J Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Decay Class ◽  
Rotation Age

Yellow mycelia and cords of Piloderma fallax (Lib.) Stalp. were more frequently observed in old-growth stands than in younger managed stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Piloderma fallax frequency and percent cover data were collected from 900 plots in three replicate stands in each of three forest age classes over 2 years in both spring and fall. Piloderma fallax is strongly associated with stand age; it occurred in 57% of plots in old-growth, 6% of rotation-age, and 1% of young stands. Presence of Piloderma fallax was related to the percent cover of coarse woody debris (CWD) in decay class 5. Piloderma fallax was approximately 2.5 times more likely to occur in a plot with CWD decay class 5 present than in plots without. The probability that it would occur in a plot increased by approximately 20% for every 10% increase in percent cover of CWD decay class 5. However, the percent cover of Piloderma fallax was not strongly related to the percent cover of CWD in decay class 5. Frequency of occurrence did not differ among sampling times. Occurrence of Piloderma fallax may indicate suitable substrate for ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with CWD and may be important in forest management for the maintenance of biodiversity and old-growth components in young managed stands.Key words: Piloderma fallax, coarse woody debris, Pseudotsuga menziesii, forest management, ectomycorrhizal fungi, biodiversity.

Diversity of ectomycorrhizae on experimentally planted Douglas-fir seedlings in variable retention forestry sites on southern Vancouver Island

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1671-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Outerbridge ◽  
J A Trofymow
Keyword(s):  
Root Colonization ◽  
Distance Effect ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Variable Retention ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Retention Forestry

Studies were done on Vancouver Island of ectomycorrhizal (EM) communities at four distances (5–45 m) from isolated forest patches in three second-growth (SG) and three old-growth (OG) Douglas-fir sites subject to variable retention harvesting. We tested the hypothesis that retention of mature trees enhances colonization and diversity of EM fungi on seedlings planted in adjacent areas. In total 41 EM morphotypes were described, with mean diversity of 3.47 morphotypes and root colonization of 62% per seedling. Overall, root colonization declined with distance (72% at 5 m vs. 52% at 45 m), as did EM diversity (4.7 at 5 m vs. 2.9 at 45 m). For individual sites, the distance effect was significant for root colonization at four sites and for EM diversity at three to four sites. This suggests that variable retention is important for the recovery of ectomycorrhizal biota in harvested sites. Seedling root colonization was significantly lower in SG sites than in OG sites. Though EM diversity did not differ with stand age, OG sites had potentially more total (34) and unique (14) EM morphotypes than did SG sites (total 27, unique 7). Differences with stand age might be related to the relative abilities of EM fungi to disperse to regenerating second-growth forests.Key words: variable retention silviculture, ectomycorrhizae ecology, Douglas-fir seedlings, old growth, second-growth forests.

Species richness, abundance, and composition of hypogeous and epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarps in young, rotation-age, and old-growth stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in the Cascade Range of Oregon, U.S.A.

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Smith ◽  
R Molina ◽  
M MP Huso ◽  
D L Luoma ◽  
D McKay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Forest Age ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Rotation Age

Knowledge of the community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi among successional forest age-classes is critical for conserving fungal species diversity. Hypogeous and epigeous sporocarps were collected from three replicate stands in each of three forest age-classes (young, rotation-age, and old-growth) of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) dominated stands with mesic plant association groups. Over four fall and three spring seasons, 48 hypogeous and 215 epigeous species or species groups were collected from sample areas of 6300 and 43 700 m2, respectively. Cumulative richness of hypogeous and epigeous species was similar among age-classes but differed between seasons. Thirty-six percent of the species were unique to an age-class: 50 species to old-growth, 19 to rotation-age, and 25 to young stands. Seventeen species (eight hypogeous and nine epigeous) accounted for 79% of the total sporocarp biomass; two hypogeous species, Gautieria monticola Harkn., and Hysterangium crassirhachis Zeller and Dodge, accounted for 41%. Average sporocarp biomass in young and rotation-age stands compared with old-growth stands was about three times greater for hypogeous sporocarps and six times greater for epigeous sporocarps. Average hypogeous sporocarp biomass was about 2.4 times greater in spring compared with fall and for epigeous sporocarps about 146 times greater in fall compared with spring. Results demonstrated differences in ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp abundance and species composition among successional forest age-classes.Key words: ectomycorrhizal fungi, sporocarp production, forest succession, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Tsuga heterophylla zone, biodiversity.

Attributes and indicators of old-growth and successional Douglas-fir forests on Vancouver Island

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. S187-S204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Trofymow ◽  
J Addison ◽  
B A Blackwell ◽  
F He ◽  
C A Preston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Old Growth Forest

The Douglas-fir forests of coastal British Columbia are within the most heavily modified forest ecosystem types in coastal BC and local land managers are developing new forestry practices to retain elements of old growth within the managed forest area. To determine how successful these practices are requires the selection and monitoring of appropriate attributes and knowledge on how they change with stand development. In this paper we summarize previously published results from an extensive data set on four Douglas-fir dominated sites located on eastern Vancouver Island. Data were collected as part of the Coastal Forest Chronosequences project which was addressing questions on (1) how does conversion to managed forests impact species and forest structural diversity and (2) how does this diversity recover in older second-growth stands. Each site contained four stands, a postharvest chronosequence: regeneration (R, 5–10 years), immature (I, 25–45 years), and maturing (M, 75–95 years) stands, and an old growth (O, >240 years) control stand. Over 20 attributes are summarized including structural attributes, and at three sites, detailed biodiversity and process attributes. All old-growth plots exceeded the minimum age criteria and some but not all of the minimum structural attribute criteria for old-growth Douglas-fir forests in the US Pacific Northwest, reflecting regional or site type differences. Most structural attributes showed their greatest change within the first 100 years, although older stands (M and O) still differed based on tree and snag sizes and tree mass or basal area. Most species abundance and richness attributes and process attributes clearly differentiated R from the forested stages but were of less value for differentiating among older (M and O) stands. Arboreal lichen abundance and species richness; the abundance of cryptogams, achlorophyllus plants, litter collembola, and specific species of fungi and carabids; litter fall and gap fraction were the exception, these attributes clearly differentiating M from O stands. In postharvest stands, the overall pattern of change with succession for most attributes, as inferred from the chronosequence, was confirmed to be very different from a previously published conceptual model for post-fire succession. Compared to the post-fire model, the greatest changes in the postharvest stands occurred early in stand development, associated with canopy closure. Although stand structural attributes can clearly be used to distinguish old-growth features in managed forest stands, none-the-less it is important to monitor and demonstrate, at least for a selection of nonstructural attributes, that forestry practices are effective in maintaining biodiversity and associated processes of old-growth forests in the managed forest area. Key words: old-growth forest, succession, Douglas-fir forest, criteria and indicators, biodiversity, managed forest.

Ectomycorrhizae of Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings outplanted on eastern Vancouver Island

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1646-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Roth ◽  
S.M. Berch
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Field Season ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Colonization

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of container-grown Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was determined in a container nursery near Nanaimo, British Columbia, and after one growing season under a range of field conditions on eastern Vancouver Island. The percentage of Douglas-fir and western hemlock short roots colonized by ectomycorrhizal fungi in the nursery was highly variable, but over 99% of the ectomycorrhizae were formed by Thelephoraterrestris Ehrh.:Fr. Between 72 and 93% of the new roots were ectomycorrhizal after one field season, and Thelephoraterrestris remained the dominant fungus in most cases. Rhizopogonvinicolor like ectomycorrhizae were also common on new roots of Douglas-fir. Cenococcumgeophilum Fr. was less common. Douglas-fir seedlings formed 33 morphologically distinct ectomycorrhizae on eight sites within one growing season in the field. Western hemlock formed nine types on a single site.

Comparison of Methods of Estimating Leaf-Area Index In Old-Growth Douglas-Fir

Ecology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 975-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Marshall ◽  
R. H. Waring
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Area Index
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