Ten-year growth comparison between rooted cuttings and seedlings of loblolly pine

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
H E Stelzer ◽  
G S Foster ◽  
V Shaw ◽  
J B McRae
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Taper ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Rooted cuttings and seedlings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were established in a central Alabama field trial. Five, full-sib families, with an average number of six clones per family, were evaluated. Mean cutting/seedling height ratios revealed that despite initial differences in size, relative growth rates of both propagule types stabilized and were equal by age 7 years. Through age 10 years, results show virtually no difference in height, diameter at breast height, volume, or stem taper between the rooted cuttings and seedlings.

Nursery Rooting of Cuttings from Seedlings of Slash and Loblolly Pine

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. John Frampton ◽  
James F. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Bud Set ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Outdoor Nursery

Abstract Methods used to root slash (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Englem.) and loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) pine cuttings from 1-0 seedlings in outdoor nursery beds are described. The species, the date of setting (February or March) and the type of shoot collected (succulent, top-pruned or bud-set)influenced rooting success. A February rather than March setting date is recommended. The succulent shoot type rooted best for slash pine while nonsucculent shoot types rooted best for loblolly pine. When considering all types of shoots set in February, slash and loblolly pine cuttings rootedat 77 and 69%, respectively. After lifting, approximately 70% of the cuttings that rooted (or 52% of all cuttings set in February) were judged acceptable for planting. Current costs of producing rooted cuttings exceed that of barefoot seedlings. However, as technology is developed to rootcuttings on a larger scale in the nursery, the superior genetic quality of plantations derived from rooted cuttings may offset their extra cost, relative to seedlings, enough to economically justify their operational use. If so, these procedures will offer forest managers an additional andmore effective option than seedling propagation for exploiting genetic variation in order to enhance forest productivity. South. Appl. For. 13(3):127-132.

Matching Loblolly Pine Families to Regeneration Sites

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard W. Duzan ◽  
Claire G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Block System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract The family block system has several advantages that make it a desirable method for deploying genetically improved loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Orchard and nursery productivity can be improved with family block management, and families can be matched to sites. Soil properties and productivity levels are criteria that should be used by foresters to decide where available families should best be planted. The appropriate strategy for matching individual families to sites is dependent on (1) the magnitude of genotype by environmental (G x E) interaction within the applicable breeding region, and (2) the identification of causal site factors. Given the absence of substantial family rank change, shorter orchard service life, and the high cost of edaphic screening, foresters are advised to plant the best half-sib families on the best sites. South. J. Appl. For. 12(3):166-169.

scholarly journals A Loblolly Pine Seedling-Grade by Genotype Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. South ◽  
James L. Rakestraw
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Percentage Point Difference

Abstract A loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling grade study was established in January 1987 on a Coastal Plain site at Bellville, Georgia. The factorial study involved three seedling grades (Wakeley's Grade 1, 2, and 3) and three half-sib families (#5, 25, 56). Trees were measured at ages 8 and 13 yr. Both family and seedling grade affected survival, height, and diameter at age 8 yr. Survival among families varied by as much as 3 percentage points while there was a 10 percentage point difference between Grade 1 and Grade 2 seedlings. Only family was related to height and diameter at age 13. Volume gains from planting Grade 1 seedlings instead of Grade 3 seedlings varied by family but there were no significant interactions between family and seedling grade. Differences in height among families and among seedling grades decreased over time. At age 8, there was a 5.3 ft difference between the tallest and shortest family but by age 13, the difference declined to 3.7 ft.Overall, planting family 56 instead of family 25 resulted in an additional 645 ft3/ac by age 13. Planting Grade 1 seedlings instead of Grade 3 seedlings produced an additional 303 ft3/ac. Per acre volume differences among families were greater at age 13 than at age 8. In contrast, differences among seedling grades were about the same at age 8 and 13 yr. The overall mean annual increment (MAI) for this study was 207 ft3/ac/yr. In comparison, the MAI for Grade 1 seedlings of family 56 was 239 ft3/ac/yr. South. J. Appl. For. 26(3):153–158.

scholarly journals Tree Content and Taper Functions for Loblolly and Slash Pine Trees Planted on Non-Old-Fields in East Texas

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Lenhart ◽  
Terry L. Hackett ◽  
Charlie J. Laman ◽  
Thomas J. Wiswell ◽  
Jock A. Blackard
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Stem Taper ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Equations are presented to estimate total or partial stem content in cubic feet and pounds (green or dry) for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliotti Engelm.) trees planted on non-old-fields in East Texas. Equations are included to estimate the content of the completetree (stem and branches). In addition, a set of compatible stem taper functions are described. South. J. Appl. For. 11(3):147-151.

Identification of representative sampling heights for specific gravity and moisture content in plantation-grown loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finto Antony ◽  
Laurence R. Schimleck ◽  
Richard F. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Sampling Height ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Whole Tree

Conventionally, increment cores collected at breast height (1.4 m) have been used to measure wood properties of standing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees. This height has been used because of the ease of sampling and cost involved in extracting the cores. In this study, the efficacy of a breast-height core to represent whole-tree specific gravity (SG) and moisture content (MC) was examined. The sampling height that best represents whole-tree SG and MC was identified using the correlation between volume-weighted whole-tree SG and MC with SG and MC measurements collected at different heights within a tree. We found a high correlation between observed whole-disk SG and MC with volume-weighted whole-tree SG and MC at most sampling heights. The strength of the correlation followed a skewed parabolic curve form for both wood properties. The strongest correlations were observed between 4.6 and 6.1 m, with marginally lower correlations at the base of the tree, and the weakest correlations were observed towards the tip of the tree. In addition, it was found that the number of stands and trees that need to be sampled to achieve a certain accuracy in overall mean whole-tree SG and MC was greater if breast height was used as a sampling height compared with the most representative sampling heights identified (4.6 m for SG and 6.1 m for MC).

Response Following Aerial Applications of Glyphosate for Release of Loblolly Pine in the Virginia Piedmont

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Zutter ◽  
Patrick J. Minogue ◽  
Dean H. Gjerstad
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Relative Composition ◽  
Virginia Piedmont ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Four growing seasons after aerial applications of glyphosate at 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 lb ai/ac in a three-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation in late summer, diameter at breast height (dbh) and total height of pines were greater on treated compared to untreated areas. Pines on treated plots averaged 2.5 in. dbh and 15.2 ft in height while pines on untreated plots averaged 1.9 in. dbh and 13.5 ft in height. Height growth curves of treated pines through four growing seasons following treatment. In general, reduction in hardwood density and pine response each increased with increasing glyphosate rate. Relative composition of red maple in the stand increased two years after treatment for all rates of glyphosate, but did not change in the plots without treatment. South. J. Appl. For. 12(1):54-58.

scholarly journals Calibrating a Segmented Taper Equation with Two Diameter Measurements

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang V. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Laser Technology ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Tree Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Taper Equation ◽  
Taper Equations

Abstract Recent advances in laser technology help make possible accurate and affordable measurements of upper-stem diameters. These measurements can be used to calibrate results from a taper equation to improve the accuracy of diameter predictions along the tree bole. Felled-tree data from a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation were used to evaluate two methods for calibrating outputs from a segmented taper equation with parameters either obtained from the data in this study or originally published by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5-2124">Max and Burkhart (1976</xref>, Segmented polynomial regression applied to taper equations, For. Sci. 22:283–289). For outside-bark diameters, although a simple calibration for dbh gave desirable results, a better calibration involving both dbh and an upper-stem diameter provided significant improvements in predicting tree taper. Results varied depending on where the diameter was measured, with optimum gains obtained when the upper-stem diameter was measured at the midpoint between breast height and the tree tip. For inside-bark diameters, the calibration for inside-bark dbh actually produced inferior predictions, whereas the calibration based on both dbh and an upper-stem diameter offered only modest improvements over the unadjusted predictions.

scholarly journals Pollination Bag Type Has a Significant Impact on Cone Survival in Mass Production of Controlled Pollinated Seeds in Loblolly Pine

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-599
Author(s):  
Austin J Heine ◽  
Trevor D Walker ◽  
Steven E McKeand ◽  
Jackson B Jett ◽  
Fikret Isik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Kraft Paper ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Since 2009, deployment of full-sib families of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) has gained prominence in the southeastern United States. To produce full-sib seed, a pollination bag is used to isolate female strobili from outside pollen contamination, and a known pollen is applied at the time of maximum female strobilus receptivity. The goal of this study was to compare prototype pollination bags made by PBS International to the industry standard kraft paper pollination bag with and without a support wire for female strobili survival and to assess their efficiency for mass production of controlled cross loblolly pine seed. A multiyear study compared 13 pollination bag types at more than nine seed orchard sites across the southeastern United States. There were significant differences among bag types for conelet survival at the time of bag removal that persisted until cone harvest 18 months later. Female strobili bagged in prototype PBS-I2 were over three times more likely to survive to cone harvest than strobili inside the traditional kraft pollination bag. Two of the PBS bag types had the highest estimated filled seed per bag. One PBS bag was faster to install and remove than the kraft paper bag with a support wire.

Relationship Between Initial Seedling Height and Survival and Growth of Loblolly Pine Seedlings Planted During a Droughty Year

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Tuttle ◽  
D. B. South ◽  
M. S. Golden ◽  
R. S. Meldahl
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling height (measured immediately following planting) was significantly related to survival after two growing seasons. This relationship was negative on sites classified as adverse, with shorter seedlings having better survival than taller ones. Onnonadverse sites, taller seedlings survived as well or better than shorter seedlings. On all sites, initial height was inversely related to total seedling height growth during the first two seasons, permitting shorter seedlings at planting to reach the same total height as taller ones by agetwo. As a result, at age two, initial field height was not significantly related to total height. South. J. Appl. For. 11(3):139-143.

The effect of spacing rectangularity on stem quality in loblolly pine plantations

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L Amateis ◽  
Philip J Radtke ◽  
Gerald D Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Branch Size ◽  
Tree Stem

The effect of spacing rectangularity on tree stem quality was evaluated using data collected from a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) spacing trial measured at age 19. In this trial, bole condition, branch size, and stem asymmetry were examined on plots with an initial planting density of 2240 trees/ha planted at slight (3:4) and greater (1:3) rectangular spacings to determine suitability for sawtimber production. Results indicated that rectangularity had no significant effect on survival or the number of potential sawtimber trees by age 19. While the 1:3 spacing treatment had a significantly larger maximum branch size than the 3:4 spacing treatment, it could not be attributed to the within-row or between-row direction. Additional measurements on stem diameter at breast height within and between rows failed to show stem asymmetry in the 1:3 spacing treatment. Consequently, rectangular spacings up to 1:3 should not have much impact on overall stem quality.

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