Potential financial returns from alternative silvicultural prescriptions in second-growth stands of coastal British Columbia

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1483-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
A F Howard ◽  
H Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Financial Returns ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Silvicultural Prescriptions

Optimal skyline corridor spacing for partial cutting in second-growth stands of coastal British Columbia

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-375
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Howard ◽  
Dag Rutherford ◽  
G. Glen Young
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Mathematical Basis ◽  
Optimal Distance ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Optimal Spacing ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

This paper presents the findings of a study on the economically optimal spacing of skyline corridors in partial cuts in second-growth stands of British Columbia. The mathematical basis for optimal spacing of corridors is presented for rectangular settings when trees are felled in a herring-bone pattern to facilitate yarding. The model is used in a case study where optimal spacing is compared with actual spacing for two yarding systems observed in the field. The results indicate that significant cost savings are possible from spacing skyline corridors at the optimal distance compared with conventional spacing used by the logging contractors.

Highlead Yarding Productivity and Costs in Coastal British Columbia: Predicted vs. Actual

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Howard ◽  
Dusan Dodic
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Deterministic Simulation ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Scheduled Time ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Abstract A production equation taken from the literature was used to estimate productivity and costs for an ongoing highlead yarding operation. The equation was encoded in a deterministic simulation program, which was used to predict production rates and costs for a contractor yarding second-growth timber in coastal British Columbia. The equation yielded estimates of scheduled time and total costs within 3.4% of actual costs experienced by the contractor for two tracts of timber. The findings suggest that published production equations might have wider application than generally thought. West. J. Appl. For. 4(3):98-101, July 1989.

Damage to residual trees from cable yarding when partial cutting second-growth stands in coastal British Columbia

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1392-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Howard
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Western Redcedar ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Cable Yarding ◽  
Cable Systems ◽  
Residual Tree ◽  
Stand Damage ◽  
Stand Conditions ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Damage to residual trees associated with a specific combination of stand conditions, silvicultural treatment, and harvesting system must be known if this information is to guide foresters in the design of prescriptions for individual stands planned for partial cutting. A study was made of residual tree damage in two stands of second growth in coastal British Columbia that were partially cut and the timber was yarded with cable systems. Damage to residual trees was found to be high at both sites. The percentage of trees damaged decreased with increasing distance from the skyline corridor, and bigger trees were less likely to be damaged than small ones. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) was shown to be the least susceptible to damage, followed by western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) and finally western redcedar (Thujaplicata Donn ex D. Don). Wider spacing of skyline corridors is suggested as one means for reducing stand damage.

Impact of feeding damage by the porcupine on western hemlock – Sitka spruce forests of north-coastal British Columbia

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
William T. Jackson ◽  
James Pojar ◽  
Allen Banner
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

This study measured the incidence of feeding damage by porcupines (Erethizondorsatum Allen) within the second-growth western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla Raf. (Sarg.)) – Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) forest of Khutzeymateen Inlet, 45 km northeast of Prince Rupert, British Columbia. Tree mensuration and damage assessments were conducted in 69 sample plots located on four transects. Western hemlock, which composed 67% of sampled stands, was the most severely (52.7% of trees, of which 5.1% were newly attacked) damaged species followed by Sitka spruce with minor (7.8%) damage. The less frequent amabilis fir (Abiesamabilis (Dougl.) Forbes) and western red cedar Thujaplicata Donn.) were not attacked. The total percentage of girdled (mortality) hemlock stems was 30.9%. Hemlock trees with a dbh > 27.4 cm had 55.9% of stems girdled. Porcupines attacked and girdled a significantly greater proportion of large than small diameter hemlock trees. Stems smaller than 125.5 cm dbh had little (3.7%) damage. Significantly more damage wounds were recorded in the middle and upper thirds of hemlock stems than in the lower bole. Dominant and codominant hemlock were preferred by porcupines in their feeding attacks. In combination with porcupine control measures, these stands clearly require some form of silvicultural treatment, such as sanitation spacing, conducted initially as an operational trial on at least a 20-ha block.

Influence of the time and rate of liquid-manure application on yield and nitrogen utilization of silage corn in south coastal British Columbia

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
J. W. Paul ◽  
O. Schmidt ◽  
R. McDougall
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Liquid Manure ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Manure-N availability must be known in order to design application practices that maximize the nutrient value of the manure while minimizing adverse environmental impacts. This study determined the effect of time and rate of liquid manure application on silage corn yield and N utilization, and residual soil nitrate at harvest, in south coastal British Columbia. Liquid dairy or liquid hog manure was applied at target rates of 0, 175, 350 or 525 kg N ha−1, with or without addition of 100 kg N ha−1 as inorganic fertilizer, at two sites in each of 2 yr. Time of liquid-dairy-manure application was also tested at two sites in each of 2 yr with N-application treatments of: 600 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in spring; 600 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in fall; 300 kg N ha−1 as manure applied in each of spring and fall; 200 kg N ha−1 applied as inorganic fertilizer in spring; 300 kg N ha−1 as manure plus 100 kg N ha−1 as inorganic fertilizer applied in spring; and a control that received no applied N. Fall-applied manure did not increase corn yield or N uptake in the following growing season. At all sites, maximum yield was attained using manure only. Selection of proper spring application rates for manure and inorganic fertilizer were found to be equally important in minimizing residual soil nitrate at harvest. Apparent recovery of applied N in the crop ranged from 0 to 33% for manure and from 18 to 93% for inorganic fertilizer. Key words: N recovery, manure management

STRUCTURE, STRATIGRAPHY, AND PALEONTOLOGY OF AN UPPER TRIASSIC SECTION ON THE WEST COAST OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Carlisle ◽  
Takeo Susuki
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Pillow Lava ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Thermal Alteration ◽  
The West ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Sedimentary Unit

The highly deformed section at Open Bay is one of the few good exposures of a thick sedimentary unit within the prebatholithic rocks along coastal British Columbia. It provides new structural information relating to emplacement of a part of the Coast Range batholith and it contains an important Upper Triassic fauna unusually well represented. Structural and paleontological analyses are mutually supporting and are purposely combined in one paper.Thirteen ammonite genera from 14 localities clearly substantiate McLearn's tentative assignment to the Tropites subbullatus zone (Upper Karnian) and suggest a restriction to the T. dilleri subzone as defined in northern California.Contrary to an earlier view, the beds are lithologically similar across the whole bay except for variations in the intensity of deformation and thermal alteration. Their contact with slightly older relatively undeformed flows is apparently a zone of dislocation. Stratigraphic thicknesses cannot be measured with confidence, and subdivision into "Marble Bay Formation" and "Open Bay Group" cannot be accepted. Open Bay Formation is redefined to include all the folded marble and interbedded pillow lava at Open Bay. Lithologic and biostratigraphic correlation is suggested with the lower middle part of the Quatsino Formation on Iron River, 24 miles to the southwest. Basalt flows and pillowed volcanics west of Open Bay are correlated with the Texada Formation within the Karmutsen Group.The predominant folding is shown to precede, accompany, and follow intrusion of numerous andesitic pods and to precede emplacement of quartz diorite of the batholith. Structural asymmetry is shown to have originated through gentle cross-folding and emplacement of minor intrusives during deformation.

“Boil them Hearts”

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-74
Author(s):  
Jason Redden
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Theoretical Inquiry ◽  
Critical Exploration ◽  
Coastal British Columbia ◽  
Academic Study

This paper addresses the academic conversation on Protestant missions to the Indigenous peoples of coastal British Columbia during the second half of the nineteenth century through a consideration of the role of revivalist piety in the conversion of some of the better known Indigenous Methodist evangelists identified in the scholarly literature. The paper introduces the work of existing scholars critically illuminating the reasons (religious convergence and/or the want of symbolic and material resources) typically given for Indigenous, namely, Ts’msyen, conversion. It also introduces Methodist revivalist piety and its instantiation in British Columbia. And, finally, it offers a critical exploration of revivalist piety and its role in conversion as set within a broader theoretical inquiry into the academic study of ritual and religion.

Some Morphological Differences Between the Subspecies of Cutthroat Trout, Salmo clarkii clarkii and Salmo clarkii lewisi, in British Columbia

1959 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Qadri
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Distribution ◽  
Spot Number ◽  
Coastal Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Coastal cutthroat trout, S. c. clarkii Richardson, occupy most lakes and streams of coastal British Columbia, including the adjacent islands. Yellowstone cutthroat, S. c. lewisi (Girard), occupy southeastern British Columbia; their range is separated from that of the coastal subspecies by a zone lacking cutthroat trout. A map showing all natural distribution records in the province is presented. From 60 to 146 specimens were examined for distinguishing characters. Spots below the lateral line are more numerous towards the anterior end in S. c. clarkii, but more numerous towards the posterior end in S. c. lewisi. A plot of spot number in selected areas of the body provides almost complete separation of individuals of the two subspecies. Significant differences also occur in certain scale counts and in body and peduncle depth, although these characters overlap considerably between the subspecies. No difference was found in vertebral count.

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