Phosphorus cycling in a hardwood forest in the Adirondack Mountains, New York

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimin Zhang ◽  
Myron J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Adirondack Mountains ◽  
Bulk Precipitation ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Dormant Season ◽  
Spring Snowmelt ◽  
Total P

Total P was monitored at Huntington Forest in the Adirondack Mountains of New York from June 1986 to May 1987. Total P in precipitation from an adjacent open site was compared with throughfall, stemflow, and soil solutions collected from a hardwood stand dominated by American beech (Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh.) and sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.). Total P concentrations in bulk precipitation were very similar throughout the year (4.95 μmol•L−1 in rain versus 4.93 μmol•L−1 in snow). Total P concentration was lower in throughfall than in bulk precipitation, and P in growing season bulk throughfall (1.79 μmol•L−1) was greater than that in the dormant season (1.00 μmol•L−1). Total P concentrations in both throughfall and stemflow were higher under beech than maple. Phosphorus concentrations in soil solutions decreased as water passed through the soil profile. Phosphorus was tightly retained in this ecosystem except for a small loss via drainage water during spring snowmelt.

Nutrient cycling in Huntington Forest and Turkey Lakes deciduous stands: nitrogen and sulfur

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Mitchell ◽  
N.W. Foster ◽  
J.P. Shepard ◽  
I.K. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Adirondack Mountains ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Turkey Lakes Watershed

Biogeochemical cycling of S and N was quantified at two hardwood sites (Turkey Lakes watershed (TLW) and Huntington Forest (HF)) that have sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.) as the major overstory component and are underlain by Spodosols (Podzols). TLW and HF are located in central Ontario (Canada) and the Adirondack Mountains of New York (U.S.A), respectively. Major differences between the TLW and HF sites included stand age (300 and 100 years for TLW and HF, respectively), age of dominant trees (150–300 and 100 years for TLW and HF, respectively), and the presence of American beech (Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh.) at HF as well as lower inputs of SO42− and NO3− (differences of 99 and 31 mol ion charge (molc)•ha−1•year−1, respectively) at TLW. There was an increase in concentration of SO42− and NO3− after passage through the canopy at both sites. A major difference in the anion chemistry of the soil solution between the sites was the much greater leaching of NO3− at TLW compared with HF (1300 versus 18 molc•ha−1•year−1, respectively). At HF, but not TLW, there was a marked increase in SO42− flux (217 molc•ha−1•year−1) when water leached from the forest floor through the mineral soil. The mineral soil was the largest pool (>80%) of N and S for both sites. The mineral soil of TLW had a C:N ratio of 16:1, which is much narrower than the 34:1 ratio at HF. This former ratio should favor accumulation of NH44+ and NO3− and subsequent NO3− leaching. Laboratory measurements suggest that the forest floor of TLW may have higher N mineralization rates than HF. Fluxes of N and S within the vegetation were generally similar at both sites, except that net requirement of N at TLW was substantially lower (difference of 9.4 kg N•ha−1•year−1). The higher NO3− leaching from TLW compared with HF may be attributed mostly to stand maturity coupled with tree mortality, but the absence of slow decomposing beech leaf litter and lower C:N ratio in the soil of the former site may also be contributing factors.

Prediction of phosphorus concentration in tile-drainage water from the Montreal Lowlands soils

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Beauchemin ◽  
R. R. Simard ◽  
M. A. Bolinder ◽  
M. C. Nolin ◽  
D. Cluis
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Tile Drainage ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Soil Units ◽  
Total P

Subsurface drainage systems can be a significant pathway for P transfer from some soils to surface waters. The objective of the study was to determine P concentration in tile-drainage water and its relationship to P status in surface soils (A horizons) from an intensively cultivated area in the Montreal Lowlands. The profiles of 43 soil units were characterized for their P contents and pedogenic properties. Tile-drainage water P concentrations were monitored over a 3-y r period on a weekly basis on 10 soil units, and four times during each growing season for the other 33 units. The soil units were grouped into lower and higher P sorbing soils using multiple discriminant equations developed in an earlier related study. The A horizons of the lower P sorbing soils had an elevated P saturation degree [mean Mehlich(III) P/Al = 17%] associated with total P concentrations in tile-drainage water consistently greater than the surface water quality standard of 0.03 mg total P L-1. Conversely, low P concentrations in tile-drainage waters (< 0.03 mg L-1) and a moderate mean Mehlich(III) P/Al ratio of 8% were observed in the higher P sorbing soil group. Total P concentrations in drainage systems were significantly related to soil P status in surface soils. Grouping soils according to their P sorption capacities increased the power of prediction based on only one soil variable. However, accurate predictions in terms of drain P concentration can hardly be obtained unless large dataset and other factors related to field management practices and hydrology of the sites are also considered. Therefore, a better alternative to predict the risk of P leaching is to work in terms of risk classes and rely on a multiple factor index. Key words: Tile-drainage water, phosphorus, P transfer, P loss, degree of soil P saturation, phosphorus index

Processes and Causes of Lake Acidification during Spring Snowmelt in the West-Central Adirondack Mountains, New York

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1595-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Galloway ◽  
George R. Hendrey ◽  
Carl L. Schofield ◽  
Norman E. Peters ◽  
Arland H. Johannes
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Adirondack Mountains ◽  
Headwater Lakes ◽  
Strong Acidity ◽  
Woods Lake ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Spring Snowmelt

The surface and outlets of two headwater lakes acidified during the 1978, 1979, and 1980 spring snowmelt periods. The decrease in pH was accompanied by an increase in nitrate whereas the other strong acid anion, SO42−, remained relatively constant. Chemical mass-balance calculations, using data from the Integrated Lake–Watershed Acidification Study, indicate that the peak in acidification observed in the Adirondack Mountains in the spring is caused by (1) a dilution of base cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+) and associated alkalinity by snowmelt, (2) an increase in NO3− concentration in the acidified portion of the lakes, and (3) the constant elevated concentration of SO42−. At Woods Lake, the NO3− that accumulated in the snowpack plus that deposited from the atmosphere during snowmelt was sufficient to account for the increased NO3− in and transported from the lake. At Panther Lake, an additional source of NO3− was needed and was believed to be contributed by nitrification in the upper soil horizons. If atmospheric deposition of sulfur is reduced, low-alkalinity systems like Woods and moderate-alkalinity systems like Panther will be less likely to develop strong acidity during spring acidification.

scholarly journals Effects of Acidic Deposition and Soil Acidification on Sugar Maple Trees in the Adirondack Mountains, New York

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (22) ◽  
pp. 12687-12694 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Sullivan ◽  
G. B. Lawrence ◽  
S. W. Bailey ◽  
T. C. McDonnell ◽  
C. M. Beier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Acidic Deposition ◽  
Adirondack Mountains

scholarly journals Genetic variation of seed phosphorus concentration in winter oilseed rape and development of a NIRS calibration

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Eifler ◽  
Jürgen Enno Wick ◽  
Bernd Steingrobe ◽  
Christian Möllers
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Organic P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Total P

AbstractPhytic acid is the major organic phosphorus storage compound in rapeseed. Following oil extraction, the defatted meal is used in feed mixtures for livestock. However, monogastric pigs and chickens can only poorly metabolize phytate. Hence, their excrements are rich in phosphorus (P), which when applied as manure may lead to eutrophication of surface waters. The aim of the present study was to analyze the genetic variation for total and organic P concentration (i.e. mainly phytate) in rapeseed and to compare the results with soybean. Two sets of rapeseed material were tested in field experiments in different environments with varying soil P levels and harvested seeds were used for seed quality analysis. Results revealed significant genotypic differences in total seed P concentration, which ranged from 0.47 to 0.94%. Depending on the experiment, the heritability for total P concentration ranged from 52 to 93%. The organic P portion of total P concentration was above 90% for current rapeseed hybrids. In both sets, there was a significant positive correlation between seed protein and P concentration. A NIRS calibration for total P concentration in intact seeds showed in cross validation a standard error of 0.05% and a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.83. Total P concentration of soybean seeds and meal was between 0.55 and 0.65%, and around 1.1% for rapeseed meal. Rapeseed meal had a twofold higher ratio of total P to nitrogen concentration as compared to soybean which could be considered adverse when the meal is used for feeding livestock.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution patterns of soil total phosphorus influenced by climatic factors in China’s forest ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Anchi Wu ◽  
Guoyi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Single Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
P Distribution ◽  
Total P

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is an important element in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a critical role in soil quality and ecosystem productivity. Soil total P distributions have undergone large spatial changes as a result of centuries of climate change. It is necessary to study the characteristics of the horizontal and vertical distributions of soil total P and its influencing factors. In particular, the influence of climatic factors on the spatial distribution of soil total P in China’s forest ecosystems remain relatively unknown. Here, we conducted an intensive field investigation in different forest ecosystems in China to assess the effect of climatic factors on soil total P concentration and distribution. The results showed that soil total P concentration significantly decreased with increasing soil depth. The spatial distribution of soil total P increased with increasing latitude and elevation gradient but decreased with increasing longitude gradient. Random forest models and linear regression analyses showed that the explanation rate of bioclimatic factors and their relationship with soil total P concentration gradually decreased with increasing soil depths. Variance partitioning analysis demonstrated that the most important factor affecting soil total P distribution was the combined effect of temperature and precipitation factor, and the single effect of temperature factors had a higher explanation rate compare with the single effect of precipitation factors. This work provides a new farmework for the geographic distribution pattern of soil total P and the impact of climate variability on P distribution in forest ecosystems.

Aluminum in Soil Solutions from a Subalpine Spruce‐Fir Forest at Whiteface Mountain, New York

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Miller ◽  
T.G. Huntington ◽  
A.H. Johnson ◽  
A.J. Friedland
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Whiteface Mountain
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document