Relationship of the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b and Douglas-fir seedling nutrient status

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1655-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant A. Bracher ◽  
Peter A. Murtha
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
One Year ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

One–year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings were treated with 24 nutrient solutions containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur levels ranging from 1 to 400 mg/L. After one growing season, newly matured needles were harvested, and foliar samples analyzed for nutrient and chlorophyll concentrations. Several nutrient deficiencies were diagnosed. A consistent and statistically significant relationship between the ratio of chlorophyll a to b and the severity of nutrient deficiency was not found; consequently, it appears ineffectual as an index of nutrient stress.

scholarly journals Diet micronutrient adequacy of women after 1 year of gastric bypass

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Silveira LEIRO ◽  
Mariana Silva Melendez-ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowances ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
One Year

BACKGROUND: The more effective treatment for severe obesity is bariatric surgery. Gastric bypass is a surgical technique used worldwide; however, as well as other techniques; it has postoperative risks, including nutrient deficiency. AIM: To determine the amounts of dietary iron, calcium, vitamin D and vitamin B12 ingested by patients of a public hospital one year after gastric bypass, and compare with the recommendations of the Recommended Dietary Allowances. METHODS: This was a transverse descriptive study and the sample consisted of 36 women, with at least one year of gastric bypass. Data collected included sociodemographic, anthropometric and diet variables. Dietetic information was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Ingestion of iron, calcium, vitamin D and vitamina B12 was evaluated in comparison with the Recommended Dietary Allowances, as well as correlation of micronutrient ingestion with time of surgery. RESULTS: There was inadequate consumption of iron, calcium and vitamin D. The vitamin B12 intake was considered adequate. There was statistically significant positive correlation between the time of surgery and the ingestion of iron, vitamin B12 and vitamin D. CONCLUSION: The intake of iron, calcium and vitamin D of women one year after gastric bypass was inadequate, emphasizing the importance of multiprofessional monitoring postoperatively to prevent nutrient deficiencies.

Effects of laminated root rot (Phellinusweirii) on Douglas-fir foliar chemistry

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1440-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Thomson ◽  
D.G. Goodenough ◽  
H.J. Barclay ◽  
Y.J. Lee ◽  
R.N. Sturrock
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Foliar Chemistry ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Foliage Chemistry ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

To determine the effects of laminated root rot (Phellinusweirii) on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) foliar chemistry, chlorophyll a and b, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and foliage moisture were measured in new and old foliage from 20- to 80-year-old coastal Douglas-fir. Measurements were made in June and September of 1993 and June of 1994. Chlorophyll a and b, Ca, Fe, Mg, and Mn were higher in old foliage in both June and September, while moisture, N, and K were higher in the new foliage. The relationship of P to foliage age changed with time. Reductions in foliage moisture, chlorophyll a, and N were consistently associated with P. weirii infection in all plots, but the normal high variability in foliage chemistry made demonstration of statistical significance difficult. Within-tree variability in foliar chemistry was much higher in June than in September, especially in the new foliage.

Use of protein to carbohydrate ratios to analyse for nutrient deficiency in phytoplankton

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
GG Ganf ◽  
SJL Stone ◽  
RL Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Nutrient Additions ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Saturated Medium

A series of laboratory experiments was designed to investigate the influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and photon irradiance on the protein to carbohydrate ratio and growth rate of Scenedesmus quadricauda. These parameters responded to nutrient additions and depletions in a predictable manner. As nutrients were added the ratio rose to a maximum of 5, but as nutrients were depleted from the medium the ratio fell to < 1 during long-term experiments. The ratio also showed that diurnal fluctuations in cultures grown under a 12 h light : 12 h dark cycle were similar in magnitude to the long-term changes. The extent of these diurnal changes was dependent upon the nutrient status of the cells. In nutrient-saturated medium the ratio showed maximum change (4.2 to 1.1), but in nutrient-depleted medium the change was small (0.98 to 0.81). In addition to these responses to nutrients, the ratio was also influenced by photon flux. At high photon fluxes the ratio showed a marked diurnal change (0.91 to 4.05), but this change decreased with decreasing photon fluxes. A general relationship existed between growth rate and the protein to carbohydrate ratio for ratios >2. Below this value, however, growth rate was independent of the protein to carbohydrate ratio. Criteria based upon these laboratory experiments were derived to determine the nutrient status of field populations of phytoplankton. Using these criteria, the phytoplankton of Mount Bold Reservoir were shown to pass from a condition indicating nutrient sufficiency in November to a condition that implied varying degrees of nutrient deficiency for the period December to March. This pattern of nutrient sufficiency based upon protein to carbohydrate ratios agreed well with the results of nutrient-enrichment trials. This pattern would not have been discernible by the rigid application of previously determined critical protein to carbohydrate ratios.

Response of Leucaena leucocephala pastures to phosphorus and sulfur application in Queensland

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Radrizzani ◽  
H. Max Shelton ◽  
Scott A. Dalzell
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Shallow Soils ◽  
Grass Growth

A series of fertiliser trials were conducted on leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata) pastures growing on a range of soil types in south-east and central Queensland. The primary objective was to determine the extent of phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) deficiencies in leucaena-grass pastures established on either virgin soils or previously cropped soils. Two experiments were conducted across nine sites and confirmed that, for many soils in Queensland, leucaena growth was restricted by P and S nutrient deficiencies, which limited plant growth directly and suppressed symbiotic N2 fixation. The major factors contributing to the P and S deficiencies and thus affecting leucaena response were: (i) inherent low soil fertility, (ii) nutrient removal by cropping and grazing, (iii) shallow soils, (iv) soil acidity, and (v) grass competition for available water and nutrients. A secondary treatment, inter-row cultivation, had little effect on leucaena growth but significantly increased grass growth in some soils. In all these experiments, leaf S concentrations and N : S ratios in index tissue were inconsistent indicators of adequacy of S. Similarly, leaf P concentrations were not useful indicators of P deficiency due to inappropriate (drought) leaf sampling conditions experienced in these experiments. The experiments demonstrate that the productivity of leucaena-grass pastures, especially in older leucaena plantations, will be limited by nutrient deficiencies on many soils in Queensland. While leucaena yield was suppressed, no foliar symptoms of nutrient deficiency were observed. Growers need to monitor the nutrient status of their leucaena-grass pastures by leaf tissue analysis using a new sampling protocol. Strategic fertiliser application has the potential to increase rainfall use efficiency by 50% with an expected parallel increase in cattle liveweight gain.

scholarly journals Nutrient deficiencies in apple plants (Pyrus malus L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
H.P. Haag ◽  
P.E. Trani ◽  
J.R. Sarruge ◽  
A.R. Dechen
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Pyrus Malus ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

A trial was carried out with one year old 'Ohio Beauty apples (grafted on 'Doucin'), grown on sand cu1ture, receining nutrient solutions lacking the following nutrients at the time: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and B. The main conclusions are as follows: as the adequate and inadequate levels from leaf analysis were, respectively: N -2.22 and 1.53%, P - 0,17 and 0.05%, K - 1.32 and 0.33%; Ca -0.9.4 and 0.52%, Mg - 0.37 and 0.06%; S -0.18 and 0.08%; B -62 and 2k ppm.

scholarly journals СЕЗОННА ДИНАМІКА ВМІСТУ ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧНИХ ПІГМЕНТІВ У СТРОКАТОЛИСТИХ ФОРМ BERBERIS THUNBERGII DC.

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
I. I. Korshykov ◽  
N. I. Sushynska
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Berberis Thunbergii ◽  
Colour Patterns ◽  
One Year ◽  
Green Pigments ◽  
Maximum Content ◽  
Different Parts

The work deals with the peculiarities of seasonal dynamics of the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves and their parts with various colouring in variegated-leaf forms of Berberis thunbergii DC. Three forms were studied: green-leaf, purple-leaf 'Harlequin', and form 'Coronita', which has three colour patterns of leaves and their different parts (peripheral and central) with substantial differences in colouring. The photosynthetic pigments were extracted from leaves and their parts using dimethyl sulphoxide; in given extracts, the quantity of these pigments was measured by spectrophotometer SF-2000. We determined general and specific peculiarities of the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves of one- and two-year-old shoots of three forms of B. thunbergii during growth and heterogeneity of their quantity in differently coloured parts of the leaf blade of 'Coronita'. In the yellow margins of pink-coloured leaves of one-year-old shoots of “Coronita”, the content of green and yellow pigment was usually lower than in the peripheral part of purple-coloured leaves. The maximum content of both types of photosynthetic pigments in this part of leaves of one- and two-year-old shoots was noted in the first half of the growing season. The same applies to the middle parts of the pink- and purple-coloured leaves; the lowest content of the pigments is typical of hot and dry months. The yellow-green- and brown-coloured leaves of form 'Coronita' differ from the other two leaf types in that the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids is at the highest in the second half of the growing season, and it is significantly higher. The ratio of chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b in the leaves of three forms recorded in September-October increases in comparison with such ratio in May-July. It shows that, at the end of the growing season, catabolism of chlorophyll b takes place faster than one of chlorophyll a. With regard to the ratio chlorophyll/sum of carotenoids, this index decreases in autumn in comparison with the first half of the growing season; it shows that green pigments have more active catabolism than yellow ones. The maximum content of chlorophyll in the leaves of B. thunbergii is generally recorded in the first half of the growing season; this index decreases in the hot and dry second half, but when the heat drops, the quantity of carotenoids increases slightly. In this regard, variegated-leavf form 'Coronita' stands out; it is characterized by high endogenic variability in the content of pigments within leaf blades depending on the colouring of different parts of a leaf.

Nutrient deficiencies in central Australian semi-desert rangelands, with reference to decline in range condition.

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Friedel ◽  
KM Cellier ◽  
KP Nicolson
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Range Condition ◽  
Desert Rangelands ◽  
Open Woodland ◽  
Good Range ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Three central Australian' plant communities: Mitchell grassland, open woodland and mulga shrubland, were examined for evidence of nutrient deficiencies, particularly in association with poor range condition. Twelve nutrients were applied in various combinations to their soils in glasshouse pots trials. Two native grasses were grown in the Mitchell grassland and open woodland soils, while a native grass and a native chenopod were grown in the niulga shrubland soils. A field study with three nutrients was restricted to open woodland. The grasses grown in Mitchell grassland and open woodland soils responded to added nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur. while the grass grown in mulga shrubland soil responded to added nitrogen and phosphorus only. The chenopod, grown in mulga shrubland soil, responded to calcium as well as to nitrogen and phosphorus. In the field study, nitrogen improved plant growth but not all species responded equally. Arisrida contorra, which acts as an indicator of poor range condition in open woodland. formed a greater proportion of the herbaceous biomass following the addition of nitrogen. No response to phosphorus and sulphur was detected in the field. In both Mitchell grassland and open woodland, decreaser species (those whose biomass contributes proportionately less to the total as range condition decreases) responded better under glasshouse conditions to phosphorus on soils from areas in poor range condition than on soils from areas in good range condition. Of the species which increase with decreasing condition. that from the grassland also responded better to phosphorus on soils from areas in poor range condition, while that from the woodland was insensitive to phosphorus. In the mulpa shrubland, range condition was not associated with nutrient status. Several nutrients may be deficient in central Australian rangeland soils but phosphorus is the only nutrient which is potentially more deficient in degraded rangeland soils than on healthy rangeland soils. The evidence for a relationship between range condition and phosphorus deficiency is, however, inconclusive.

Etude sur la teneur en pigment de frênes qui croissent dans des conditions différentes

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Light Quantity ◽  
Yellow Pigments ◽  
The One ◽  
Green Pigments

Pigment content of ashes grown up under different circumstances - The pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b,  xanthophyll and carotene) has been researched with ashes grown up under  different light circumstances and varying in age and height.     The results prove that the general laws concerning the influence of light  on the pigment content, don’t always work.     The phenomen is very complex. The light quantity is very important in some  cases, but insignificant in others. It seems origin and height of plants have  a strong influence. The results prove also the influence of the environment  is much higher on small plants as on big ones.     The research indicates finally the correlation between the green pigments,  the yellow pigments, and between the green pigments on the one side and the  yellow ones on the other side.

scholarly journals Effects of serpentinite fertilizer on the chemical properties and enzyme activity of young spruce soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Kazimierz Januszek ◽  
Stanisław Małek ◽  
Tomasz Wanic
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Experimental Plots

AbstractThe experimental plots used in the study were located in the middle forest zone (elevation: 900-950 m a.s.l.) on two nappes of the flysch Carpathians in southern Poland. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of serpentinite in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers on selected chemical properties of the soil and activity of dehydrogenase and urease in the studied soils. All fertilizer treatments significantly enriched the tested soils in magnesium. The use of serpentinite as a fertilizer reduced the molar ratio of exchangeable calcium to magnesium, which facilitated the uptake of magnesium by tree roots due to competition between calcium and magnesium. After one year of fertilization on the Wisła experimental plot, the pH of the Ofh horizon increased, while the pH of the mineral horizons significantly decreased. Enrichment of serpentinite with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers stimulated the dehydrogenase activity in the studied organic horizon. The lack of a negative effect of the serpentinite fertilizer on enzyme activity in the spruce stand soil showed that the concentrations of the heavy metals added to the soil were not high enough to be toxic and indicated the feasibility of using this fertilizer in forestry.

scholarly journals Shading Effects on Leaf Gas Exchange, Leaf Pigments and Secondary Metabolites of Polygonum minus Huds., an Aromatic Medicinal Herb

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Fairuz Fatini Mohd Yusof ◽  
Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob ◽  
Normaniza Osman ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthesis Rate ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Polygonum Minus

The growing demand for high value aromatic herb Polygonum minus-based products have increased in recent years, for its antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory potentials. Although few reports have indicated the chemical profiles and antioxidative effects of Polygonum minus, no study has been conducted to assess the benefits of micro-environmental manipulation (different shading levels) on the growth, leaf gas exchange and secondary metabolites in Polygonum minus. Therefore, two shading levels (50%:T2 and 70%:T3) and one absolute control (0%:T1) were studied under eight weeks and 16 weeks of exposures on Polygonum minus after two weeks. It was found that P. minus under T2 obtained the highest photosynthesis rate (14.892 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1), followed by T3 = T1. The increase in photosynthesis rate was contributed by the enhancement of the leaf pigments content (chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b). This was shown by the positive significant correlations observed between photosynthesis rate with chlorophyll a (r2 = 0.536; p ≤ 0.05) and chlorophyll b (r2 = 0.540; p ≤ 0.05). As the shading levels and time interval increased, the production of total anthocyanin content (TAC) and antioxidant properties of Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) also increased. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were also significantly enhanced under T2 and T3. The current study suggested that P.minus induce the production of more leaf pigments and secondary metabolites as their special adaptation mechanism under low light condition. Although the biomass was affected under low light, the purpose of conducting the study to boost the bioactive properties in Polygonum minus has been fulfilled by 50% shading under 16 weeks’ exposure.

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