Variation in water potential components among half-sib families of shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata) in response to soil drought

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Turgor Loss Point ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Elastic Modules

To assess family differences in response to drought, various water potential components of seedlings from six half-sib families of shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata Mill.) were compared under control (well-watered) and drought conditions. Drought stress resulted in significant changes in water relations parameters of the seedlings between treatments and among families. Although both Montgomery (103) and Pope (322) families had a superior capacity to adjust osmotically to both treatments, Montgomery (103) family exhibited greater potential to adapt to droughty environments through having the lowest values of osmotic potential both at maximum turgor and at the turgor loss point and having the highest values of (i) mean volume of osmostic water at the turgor loss point per volume of symplasmic water, (ii) symplasmic water volume per total shoot water volume, (iii) maximum bulk elastic modules, and (iv) turgor potential. Families Polk (115) and Scott (202) showed intermediate responses to drought. Both Scott (219) and Yell (342) families showed the lowest ability for osmotic adjustment to both treatments, but Yell (342) family revealed even lower drought resistance responses. Results from this study may provide the means of screening families that have high drought resistance potential during the field establishment period.

scholarly journals Effect of SiO2 nanoparticles on drought resistance in hawthorn seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Ashkavand ◽  
Masoud Tabari ◽  
Mehrdad Zarafshar ◽  
Ivana Tomášková ◽  
Daniel Struve
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Abstract Drought is a significant factor limiting crop production in arid regions while hawthorns (Crataegus sp.) are an important component of such region’s forests. Therefore, treatments that increase hawthorn drought resistance may also increase transplanting success. Thus, the physiological and biochemical responses of hawthorn seedlings to a factorial combination of different concentrations of silica nanoparticles (SNPs at 0, 10, 50 and 100 mg L−1) and three soil moisture treatments (without stress, moderate stress and severe stress) were investigated. Seedlings were irrigated with one of the four concentrations of SNPs for 45 days before exposing them to drought stress. Photosynthesis parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA), relative water content (RWC), membrane electrolyte leakage (ELI) as well as chlorophyll, carotenoid, carbohydrate and proline content were determined. At the end of the experiment, positive effects by SNP pre-treatment on physiological indexes were observed during drought stress. Under drought conditions, the effect of SNPs on photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance was evident. Although the SNPs increased plant biomass, xylem water potential and MDA content, especially under drought conditions, RWC and ELI were not affected by the SNP pre-treatments. Seedlings pre-treated with SNPs had a decreased carbohydrate and proline content under all water regimes, but especially so under drought. Total chlorophyll content and carotenoid content did not change among the treatments. Generally, the findings imply that SNPs play a positive role in maintaining critical physiological and biochemical functions in hawthorn seedlings under drought stress conditions. However, more studies are needed before the physiological and biochemical basis of induced drought resistance can be determined.

scholarly journals Leaf Physiological Responses to Drought Stress and Community Assembly in an Asian Savanna

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1119
Author(s):  
Thuy T. Nguyen ◽  
Stefan K. Arndt ◽  
Patrick J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Turgor Loss Point ◽  
Drought Avoidance

Deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDF) is the most extensive forest type in continental Southeast Asia, but across much of its range is functionally more similar to tropical savannas than tropical forests. We investigated water relations and drought responses of the four dominant tree species (two Shorea and two Dipterocarpus species) of the DDF in central Vietnam to determine how they responded to prolonged periods of drought stress. We quantified leaf water relations in nursery- and field-grown seedlings of the four species and conducted a dry-down experiment on 258 seedlings to study leaf water potential and morphological responses of the seedlings following the drought stress. The two Shorea and two Dipterocarpus species differed significantly in leaf water potential at turgor loss point and osmotic potential at full turgor, but they showed similar responses to drought stress. All species shed leaves and suffered from stem loss when exposed to water potentials lower than their turgor loss point (approximately −1.7 MPa for Dipterocarpus and −2.6 MPa for Shorea species). Upon rewatering, all species resprouted vigorously regardless of the degree of leaf or stem loss, resulting in only 2% whole-plant mortality rate. Our results suggest that none of the four deciduous dipterocarp species is drought tolerant in terms of their water relations; instead, they employ drought-adaptive strategies such as leaf shedding and vigorous resprouting. Given that all species showed similar drought avoidance and drought-adaptive strategies, it is unlikely that seasonal drought directly influences the patterns of species assembly in the DDF of Southeast Asia.

Researches on Drought Resistance of Mulberry Trees Applied to Vegetation Recovery Engineering in Chongqing Section of the Jialing River Basin, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Huang ◽  
Da Lan Feng ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Yang Hui Geng
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Root Activity ◽  
Jialing River

To examine possible effects of soil water conditions in summer in Chongqing section of Jialing River Basin on mulberry trees, we grew potted mulberry in a greenhouse under three soil water regimes designed to simulate normal irrigation (CK), moderate drought stress (T1) and extraordinary drought stress (T2). The results showed the following. 1) With drought stress increasing, the heights, base diameters and root biomass all decreased significantly. The root/shoot ratio, specific root area and root activity of mulberry on the whole showed an increasing trend as drought stress increasing. The leaf water potential of mulberry after drought stress on the whole decreased significantly compared with CK; 2)With the elongation of treatment time, the heights, base diameters root biomass and root/shoot ratios of mulberry in the three treatment groups still increased to different degrees. The root activity of mulberry in each treatment group first increased and then decreased basically, but still maintained a higher level compared with CK, moreover, the leaf water potential of mulberry also decreased gradually on the whole. We concluded that under drought stress conditions the growth of mulberry will be inhibited in a way, but the plant can actively improve its absorption ability by some ways, thereby maintaining its normal physiological metabolism, accordingly demonstrating strong drought resistance.

scholarly journals Involvement of OsGF14b Adaptation in the Drought Resistance of Rice Plants

Rice ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Liu ◽  
Xinjiao Sun ◽  
Wencheng Liao ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Jiansheng Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Rice Plants

Abstract Background Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that restrict plant growth and development. 14–3-3 proteins have been validated to regulate many biological processes in plants. Previous research demonstrated that OsGF14b plays different roles in panicle and leaf blast resistance. In this study, we researched the function of OsGF14b in drought resistance in rice. Findings Here, we report that OsGF14b was strongly induced by soil drought stress. In comparison with wild type (WT), the osgf14b mutant exhibited improved resistance to drought and osmotic stress by changing the content of stress-relevant parameters, complementation of the osgf14b mutant restored the drought sensitivity to WT levels, whereas the OsGF14b-overexpression lines exhibited enhanced sensitivity to drought and osmotic stress. The osgf14b mutant plants were hypersensitive to abscisic acid (ABA), while the OsGF14b-overexpression plants showed reduced sensitivity to ABA. Furthermore, mutation and overexpression of OsGF14b affected the expression of stress-related genes under normal growth conditions and/or drought stress conditions. Conclusions We have demonstrated that OsGF14b is involved in the drought resistance of rice plants, partially in an ABA-dependent manner.

The role of biochar in alleviating soil drought stress in urban roadside greenery

Geoderma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 115223
Author(s):  
You Jin Kim ◽  
Junge Hyun ◽  
Sin Yee Yoo ◽  
Gayoung Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Soil Drought

scholarly journals Arabidopsis MADS-box factor AGL16 negatively regulates drought resistance via stomatal density and stomatal movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (19) ◽  
pp. 6092-6106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping-Xia Zhao ◽  
Zi-Qing Miao ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Si-Yan Chen ◽  
Qian-Qian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Aba Metabolism

Abstract Drought is one of the most important environmental factors limiting plant growth and productivity. The molecular mechanisms underlying plant drought resistance are complex and not yet fully understood. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis MADS-box transcription factor AGL16 acts as a negative regulator in drought resistance by regulating stomatal density and movement. Loss-of-AGL16 mutants were more resistant to drought stress and had higher relative water content, which was attributed to lower leaf stomatal density and more sensitive stomatal closure due to higher leaf ABA levels compared with the wild type. AGL16-overexpressing lines displayed the opposite phenotypes. AGL16 is preferentially expressed in guard cells and down-regulated in response to drought stress. The expression of CYP707A3 and AAO3 in ABA metabolism and SDD1 in stomatal development was altered in agl16 and overexpression lines, making them potential targets of AGL16. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, transient transactivation, yeast one-hybrid, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we demonstrated that AGL16 was able to bind the CArG motifs in the promoters of the CYP707A3, AAO3, and SDD1 and regulate their transcription, leading to altered leaf stomatal density and ABA levels. Taking our findings together, AGL16 acts as a negative regulator of drought resistance by modulating leaf stomatal density and ABA accumulation.

scholarly journals Physiological and transcriptional response to drought stress among bioenergy grass Miscanthus species

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose J. De Vega ◽  
Abel Teshome ◽  
Manfred Klaas ◽  
Jim Grant ◽  
John Finnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Multiple Copies ◽  
Response To Water

Abstract Background Miscanthus is a commercial lignocellulosic biomass crop owing to its high biomass productivity, resilience and photosynthetic capacity at low temperature. These qualities make Miscanthus a particularly good candidate for temperate marginal land, where yields can be limited by insufficient or excessive water supply. Differences in response to water stress have been observed among Miscanthus species, which correlated to origin. In this study, we compared the physiological and molecular responses among Miscanthus species under excessive (flooded) and insufficient (drought) water supply in glasshouse conditions. Results A significant biomass loss was observed under drought conditions in all genotypes. M. x giganteus showed a lower reduction in biomass yield under drought conditions compared to the control than the other species. Under flooded conditions, biomass yield was as good as or better than control conditions in all species. 4389 of the 67,789 genes (6.4%) in the reference genome were differentially expressed during drought among four Miscanthus genotypes from different species. We observed the same biological processes were regulated across Miscanthus species during drought stress despite the DEGs being not similar. Upregulated differentially expressed genes were significantly involved in sucrose and starch metabolism, redox, and water and glycerol homeostasis and channel activity. Multiple copies of the starch metabolic enzymes BAM and waxy GBSS-I were strongly up-regulated in drought stress in all Miscanthus genotypes, and 12 aquaporins (PIP1, PIP2 and NIP2) were also up-regulated in drought stress across genotypes. Conclusions Different phenotypic responses were observed during drought stress among Miscanthus genotypes from different species, supporting differences in genetic adaption. The low number of DEGs and higher biomass yield in flooded conditions supported Miscanthus use in flooded land. The molecular processes regulated during drought were shared among Miscanthus species and consistent with functional categories known to be critical during drought stress in model organisms. However, differences in the regulated genes, likely associated with ploidy and heterosis, highlighted the value of exploring its diversity for breeding.

Response of Interspecific Hybrid Species of Manchurian Ash to MJ and NO Signals and Preliminary Study on the Formation Mechanism of Drought Resistance Advantage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Cao ◽  
fei song ◽  
Xingtang Zhao ◽  
Liming He ◽  
Yaguang Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Manchurian Ash ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background: In this study, sodium nitrate (SNP, a donor of nitric oxide) and methyl jasmonate (MJ) were used as exogenous hormones. The experiment was conducted with the offspring (interspecific hybrid) D110 of ash and ash, and their respective parents (non-interspecific hybrid) D113 and 4-3 as experimental materials. The experiment set up three experimental groups of drought stress, exogenous hormone SNP and MJ, and a control group under normal growth (non-drought stress), to study the physiological indicators and gene expression of manchurian ash. Result: The results showed that under drought stress and exogenous application of hormone SNP or MJ, there were significant differences between hybrids and parents in plant growth, photosynthesis, defense enzyme activity, hormone content and gene expression.Conclusions: This experiment provides a new theoretical support for the existing hormone breeding methods of manchurian ash, which can improve the drought resistance of manchurian ash and increase its survival rate in the wild. Increasing the growth rate and breeding efficiency of manchurian ash brings new ideas.

scholarly journals Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on leaf water potential and growth in Caragana intermedia

Trees ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Wang Xiao ◽  
Osbert J. Sun ◽  
Guang-Sheng Zhou ◽  
Jing-Zhu Zhao ◽  
Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Caragana Intermedia
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