Effect of temperature on needle anatomy and transpiration of Piceamariana after bud initiation

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Vanhinsberg ◽  
S. J. Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cuticular Transpiration ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Needle Anatomy ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Cuticle Thickness ◽  
Bud Initiation

Six-month-old black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) container seedlings were placed in either a cool (18 ± 4: 6 ± 4 °C, light:dark) or a warm (26 ± 3: 18 ± 2 °C, light:dark) hardening regime for 12 weeks after bud initiation to assess the effects of temperature on needle maturation and transpiration. Stomatal transpiration was greater in warm-hardened seedlings than in cool-hardened seedlings. Cuticular transpiration was found to be greater in cool-hardened excised shoots than in warm-hardened shoots. Needle cuticle thickness increased in seedlings exposed to both warm and cool temperatures, however, cuticular growth after bud initiation was greater in the warm-hardening regime.

The influence of night temperature under declining photoperiod on bud initiation in black spruce seedlings

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Odlum ◽  
S. J. Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Bud Initiation

The effect of night temperature on the speed of bud initiation in black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) container seedlings was studied. Day lengths were progressively shortened in plant growth chambers to simulate the natural day-length decline that occurs in the fall at latitude 48°N. During the period of day-length decline a constant 26 °C day temperature was maintained, while night temperatures of 5, 7.5, 10, 14, 18, 22, 24, or 26 °C were imposed. When the night temperature was 10–24 °C, first signs of bud initiation were observed in 12–15 days, while 100% bud initiation was attained in 15–22 days. When the night temperature was 5, 7.5, or 26 °C, first bud initiation was observed in 15–22 days, while 100% bud initiation was not attained until 40 days.

Effect of temperature during the synthesis process of CdSe nanoparticles using the colloidal technique

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (63) ◽  
pp. 3389-3395
Author(s):  
R. González-Díaz ◽  
D. Fernández-Sánchez ◽  
P. Rosendo-Francisco ◽  
G. Sánchez-Legorreta
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Electron Cloud ◽  
Cdse Nanoparticles ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscope ◽  
First Results ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractIn this work, the first results of the effects of temperature during the production of Se2- ions and the effect during the interaction of Cd2+ and Se2- ions in the synthesis process of CdSe nanoparticles are presented. The synthesis of CdSe was carried out by the colloidal technique, in the first one we used a temperature of 63 °C to produce Se2- ions and in the second one an interaction temperature of 49 °C. The samples were characterized using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM). From the SEM micrographs it was possible to identify the thorns formation and irregular islands. STM micrographs reveal elliptical shapes with a regular electron cloud profile.

scholarly journals The Effect of Temperature and Humidity May Reduce the Growth Rate of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Qin ◽  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Jiani Shao ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The effects of temperature and humidity on the epidemic growth of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)remains unclear.Methods: Daily scatter plots between the epidemic growth rate (GR) and average temperature (AT) or average relative humidity (ARH) were presented with curve fitting through the “loess” method. The heterogeneity across days and provinces were calculated to assess the necessity of using a longitudinal model. Fixed effect models with polynomial terms were developed to quantify the relationship between variations in the GR and AT or ARH.Results: An increased AT dramatically reduced the GR when the AT was lower than −5°C, the GR was moderately reduced when the AT ranged from −5°C to 15°C, and the GR increased when the AT exceeded 15°C. An increasedARH increased theGR when the ARH was lower than 72% and reduced theGR when the ARH exceeded 72%.Conclusions: High temperatures and low humidity may reduce the GR of the COVID-19 epidemic. The temperature and humidity curves were not linearly associated with the COVID-19 GR.

Enhanced thermoelectric performance of layered SnS crystals: the synergetic effect of temperature and carrier concentration

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (69) ◽  
pp. 56382-56390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Zhen Sun ◽  
Zuju Ma ◽  
Chao He ◽  
Kechen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Thermoelectric Performance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The synergistic deployment of the effects of temperature and carrier concentration raises the ZT of SnS to a high value (1.61 ± 0.02).

scholarly journals Studies in the geotropism of the pteridophyta V—Some effects of temperature on growth and geotropism in Asplenium bulbiferium

1935 ◽  
Vol 116 (800) ◽  
pp. 479-493 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Horizontal Position ◽  
Present Position ◽  
Minimum Period ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Latent Time ◽  
Presentation Time ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Given

Although temperature and gravity both influence plant life, and although both factors have been studied for many decades, there is surprisingly little literature decades, there is surprisingly little literature dealing with the relation between the two; and none, so far as I can discover, on the effect in any Pteridophyte. Navez (1929) who criticized the work of some investigators on the effect of temperature on the geotropism of a few seedlings, sums up the present position in his remark that the conclusions of workers are very different and often in opposition. The present paper gives the results of 1100 experiments carried out mainly between the years 1922 and 1927, and though it is realized that much remains to be done on the question, it is believed that the results which have been obtained are of some value. For general methods, reference may be made to previous “Studies” in this series. Geotropic sensitivity, as measured by presentation time at different stages in development of the frond, was fully worked out by Waight (1923) for 20°C, and is adopted here as a standard of reference. The growth rate recorded in the tables is that for the particular frond under investigation, or is the average of the fronds examined during the day of the experiment. Nearly all the experiments included in the tables were conducted during the months of April-October, as I have since been able to show that there is an annual rhythm in geotropic irritability. A decrease in sensitivity occurs in winter, and hence experiments performed in November-March are not strictly comparable with those carried out in the summer. The following abbreviations are used:- P.S. = period of stimulation. P.T. = presentation time, i. e ., the minimum period of stimulation in a horizontal position, which, under the given conditions, will cause a movement of approximately 5° in about 80% of the fronds. L.T. = latent time (Prankerd, 1925) in hours. N = “normal time,” i. e ., the P.T. For different stages of the frond at 20°C (see Waight, 1923).

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Moisture Period on Infection of Rhododendron ‘Cunningham's White’ by Phytophthora ramorum

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Tooley ◽  
Marsha Browning ◽  
Kerrie L. Kyde ◽  
Dana Berner
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Gradient Plate ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Moisture Conditions

We investigated the temperature and moisture conditions that allow Phytophthora ramorum to infect Rhododendron ‘Cunningham's White’. Most experiments were performed with a single P. ramorum isolate from the NA1 clonal lineage. For whole plants incubated in dew chambers at 10 to 31°C, the greatest proportion of diseased leaves, 77.5%, occurred at the optimum temperature of 20.5°C. Disease occurred over the entire range of temperatures tested, although amounts of disease were minor at the temperature extremes. For whole plants exposed to varying dew periods at 20°C and then incubated at 20°C for 7 days, a dew period as short as 1 h resulted in a small amount of disease; however, at least 4 h of dew were required for >10% of the leaves to become diseased. Moisture periods of 24 and 48 h resulted in the greatest number of diseased leaves. In detached-leaf, temperature-gradient-plate experiments, incubation at 22°C resulted in the greatest disease severity, followed by 18°C and then 14°C. In detached-leaf, moisture-tent experiments, a 1-h moisture period was sufficient to cause disease on 67 to 73% of leaves incubated for 7 days at 20°C. A statistical model for disease development that combined the effects of temperature and moisture period was generated using nonlinear regression. Our results define temperature and moisture conditions which allow infection by P. ramorum on Cunningham's White rhododendron, and show that P. ramorum is able to infect this host over a wide range of temperatures and moisture levels. The results indicate that P. ramorum has the potential to become established in parts of the United States that are outside its current range.

The Influence of Temperature and Humidity on Instar Length in Calandra Granaria Linn

1947 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
L. E. S. EASTHAM ◽  
F. SEGROVE
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Humidity ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

1. The effects of temperature and humidity on the duration of each instar of the life cycle of Calandra granaria Linn. have been examined. The insects were reared at temperatures ranging from 15 to 30° C. and at atmospheric humidities ranging from 40 to 80% R.H. 2. A method is described for assessing the effect of temperature as an independent factor. 3. The temperatures employed fall within the ‘vital zone’. Extrapolation indicates the threshold temperature to be approximately 11° C. for the egg and larval instars though somewhat lower for the pupa. 30° C. is below the optimum temperature. 4. The durations of the egg and pupal stages are not affected by atmospheric humidity. 5. The duration of all larval instars is affected by moisture. It is suggested that this is largely due to atmospheric humidity and that food water is of little significance. 6. Shortage of moisture acts as an obstacle to development. Evidence is presented which indicates that drier atmospheres tend to desiccate the insect and that desiccation is responsible for retarded growth and development. 7. Since much earlier work on temperature and moisture has been done on fasting insects and, therefore, on insects deficient in one of the most important environmental factors, we suggest that our results, incomplete as they are, indicate the need for new approaches to be made. More complete data on feeding insects under controlled conditions of food, temperature and moisture are required, from which can be drawn up more complete balance sheets of development involving measurements of food utilization and respiratory rates.

scholarly journals Effects of temperature on in vitro response of Trichoderma strains against strawberry pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kühn.

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 620-622
Author(s):  
M. Porras ◽  
C. Barrau ◽  
B. Santos ◽  
F.T. Arroyo ◽  
C. Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
In Vitro Response ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Effect of temperature on growth and antagonistic ability of Trichoderma spp. isolated from local strawberry culture and commercial product, against Rhizoctonia solani, strawberry pathogen, was studied in vitro. Trials were carried out twice, at 10, 25 and 30°C. Inhibitor effect was evaluated by radial growth measures of established duals on PDA’s dishes, using Royse and Ries formula, to evaluate the percentage inhibition of radial growth. Design of dishes was a randomized complete block, considering 10 replicates. Data were analyzed statistically by two-way analysis of variance. The objective has been to determine the most competitive Trichoderma strain and the best temperature that produce the inhibiting effect on the pathogen growth. Local strain has the best behavior at 10 and 25°C.

scholarly journals Effects of temperature on the cuticular transpiration barrier of two desert plants with water-spender and water-saver strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1613-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amauri Bueno ◽  
Ahmed Alfarhan ◽  
Katja Arand ◽  
Markus Burghardt ◽  
Ann-Christin Deininger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Desert Plants ◽  
Cuticular Transpiration ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

I. On the effect of temperature on the secretion of urea as observed on a voyage to China, and at Hong Kong

1863 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 440-441
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Director General ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Army Medical ◽  
Cape Of Good Hope ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Army Medical Department

With a view to extend our knowledge of the physiological effects of temperature, with especial regard to the influence of tropical heat on the healthy system, Dr. Becher, with the liberal assistance of the Director-General, Army Medical Department, took advantage of a voyage to China (round the Cape of Good Hope) in 1857, and a short residence at Hong Kong, in order to determine on the influence of the extreme variations of temperature incidental to that voyage, on the quantity of urine, urea, and chloride of sodium excreted during each twenty-four hours.

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