Soil affects Armillaria root rot of lodgepole pine

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1638-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Blenis ◽  
Martin S. Mugala ◽  
Yasuyuki Hiratsuka
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Armillaria Root Rot ◽  
Production Frequency ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Seedling Infection ◽  
Different Soils

A total of 768 two-year-old lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta var. latifolia Engelm.) seedlings were transplanted into four different soils, having different capabilities for supporting lodgepole pine growth. Thirty days later, they were inoculated with either of two isolates of North American Biological Species I (Armillariaostoyae (Romag.) Herink) of Armillaria. Log–linear analysis indicated that soil type had a significant effect on inoculum viability, rhizomorph production, frequency of seedling infection, and the likelihood of tree death following infection.

Infection of lodgepole pine and white spruce by Alberta isolates of Armillaria

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S. Mugala ◽  
Peter V. Blenis ◽  
Yasuyuki Hiratsuka ◽  
Kenneth I. Mallett
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Containerized Seedlings ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Armillaria Root Rot

Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) is less liable than lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) to be attacked by Alberta isolates of Armillaria. In the first experiment, 27 two-year-old containerized pine and spruce were inoculated with each of 19 different isolates representing North American biological species (NABS) I and V, the Foothills variant of NABS I, and A. mellea s.str. In the second experiment, 10 containerized seedlings of both species were inoculated with eight different isolates of NABS I and transferred to 2-L pots 2 months later. Inoculum survived better in association with spruce seedlings than with pine. In both experiments, spruce seedlings were more frequently infected than pine seedlings, and more likely to die when infected, although this difference was significant only in the first experiment. Favoring or planting spruce on sites with Armillaria root rot, therefore, cannot be recommended in Alberta.

scholarly journals MORTALITY CAUSED BY ARMILLARIA ROOT ROT, PERIDERMIUM RUSTS AND OTHER DESTRUCTIVE AGENTS IN LODGEPOLE PINE REGENERATION

1964 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Baranyay ◽  
G. R. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Armillaria Mellea ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Armillaria Root Rot ◽  
Pine Regeneration

Surveys of diseases and other forms of damage in naturally regenerated lodgepole pine were carried out in 1959 and 1962 near Robb, Alberta in an area that had been burned in May, 1941. Eighteen and one-half per cent of the trees on seven 0.05-acre plots were dead in 1959. The additional mortality on the same plots from 1959 to 1962 was 27.7 per cent. The seemingly high mortality was not considered excessive, in light of the large numbers of trees remaining on the plots, but further examinations will show if the present high mortality rate is sustained. The most important destructive agent up to 1962 was Armillaria mellea (Vahl ex Fr.) Quél. The most important non-infectious destructive agents were game and rodents.

Relationships among jack pine budworm damage, selected tree characteristics, and Armillaria root rot in jack pine

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1791-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Mallett ◽  
W. J. A. Volney
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Root Pathogen ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Armillaria Root Rot ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Tree Condition

Trees in a 94-year-old jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) stand defoliated by the jack pine budworm (Choristoneurapinus Freeman) were examined to see if there was an association of root condition and stem growth with tree condition. Healthy trees had heavier root systems, larger root volumes, and larger annual volume increments than top-killed or dead trees in the years prior to elevated tree mortality within the stand. Roots of all the dead trees contained Armillariaostoyae (Romag.) Herink (North American Biological Species I). Three of five top-killed trees and one of five healthy trees were infected by A. ostoyae. There was no clear indication whether infection by root pathogens determines the extent to which trees are damaged following jack pine budworm defoliation, or conversely, whether repeated defoliation predisposes trees to root pathogen attack. Numbers of live branches in the crown, radial increment over the past 10 years, and prevalence of Armillaria root rot within a stand may be used to hazard rate stands prior to budworm outbreaks. The management implications of the results are discussed.

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms demonstrate single origin of infection centers in Phellinus weirii

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanhong Bae ◽  
Everett M. Hansen ◽  
Steven H. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used to study genetic variation in the basidiomycete fungus Phellinus weirii (Murr.) Gilbertson, the cause of laminated root rot of conifers. In an initial study, three isolates each from the Douglas-fir type and the cedar-type biological species were surveyed with 12 restriction enzymes and 20 random, mitochondrial, and nuclear-ribosomal gene probes. The two biological species were distinct with most probe–enzyme combinations (91%). Variation within biological species was detected for the random and ribosomal DNA probes but not for the mitochondrial DNA probes. In a subsequent study 65 probe–enzyme combinations (13 × 5) that had detected variation within the Douglas-fir type biological species were used to analyze 27 isolates derived from six infection centers, two host species, and two geographic areas in western Oregon. Infection centers differed from one another in numerous probe–enzyme combinations but were nearly genetically uniform within. Isolates from the two host species, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr.), showed few RFLP differences. Initiation of infection centers, and subsequent vegetative or basdiospore initiated immigration, appear to be rare events. Key words: ribosomal DNA, mitochondrial DNA, RFLP, root rot, conifer.

On the Sidelines: Sex and Racial Segregation in Television Sports Broadcasting

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Thomas Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Racial Segregation ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Social Closure ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competition Level ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Sports Broadcasting ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores sex and racial segregation within television sports broadcasting. It uses logit log-linear analysis to examine the relationship between job classifications within sports broadcasting and such explanatory variables as sex and race. The results show that women are concentrated in competition-level reporting and reporting but are underrepresented as studio analysts and play-by-play announcers. People of color are most likely to be found doing competition-level reporting, followed by studio analysis. They are least likely to work as play-by-play announcers. In addition, people of color are virtually limited to broadcasting baseball, basketball, and football. Although Whites also cover these three sports, they occupy practically all of the jobs covering other sports. The findings regarding sex and race support the social closure perspective that argues that women and people of color would be concentrated in lower positions within an occupation.

Log-linear analysis of factors contributing to the post-independence decline of Guyana's rice industry

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Chris Lakhan ◽  
R. Heron ◽  
Padma D. de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Log Linear
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