Juvenile wood specific gravity of loblolly pine tissue culture plantlets and seedlings

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1347-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Frampton Jr. ◽  
J. B. Jett
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Clone ◽  
Tissue Culture Plantlets

Juvenile-wood specific gravity of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) tissue culture plantlets and seedlings were compared. Wood samples collected from several (6 to 13) families at three sites, each at a different age (2, 3, and 6 years), showed a significant difference between the overall plantlet and seedling mean specific gravity only in the youngest material (0.387 versus 0.356, respectively). Another collection of wood samples from three different sites at age 5 years showed that the within-site variation in specific gravity for a single clone was 29% that of the open-pollinated family from which it was derived. When tissue culture techniques become practical, operational clonal plantations of loblolly pine should offer substantial improvement in the uniformity of wood produced relative to the heterogeneous seedling-origin plantations currently being established.

Place of Wood Specific Gravity in the Development of Advanced-Generation Seed Orchards and Breeding Programs

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
J. B. Jett ◽  
J. T. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
The North ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Advanced Generation

Abstract Data from thinnings of 11 genetic tests with an average age of 10 years and from 364 eight-year-old second-generation selections were analyzed to provide an estimate of gain from one cycle of selection for wood specific gravity. Utilizing mid-parent, mature, wood specific gravities and progeny juvenile wood specific gravities, coefficients of genetic prediction, CGP = 0.55 and 0.41, were calculated for the genetic test thinning sample and second-generation selection sample. Expressed as a percentage of the mean, gain from selection was calculated to be 2.6 percent. A strategy was also developed to include wood specific gravity in the North Carolina State Cooperative's second-generation loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) improvement program. High heritability figures indicate little need to develop extensive family information for wood specific gravity in advanced-generation breeding programs.

Aerial Fertilization Increases Volume and Weight of Planted Loblolly Pine

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 118-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian R. Beckwith ◽  
Mervin Reines
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity

Abstract Two loblolly pine plantations were examined after one was fertilized by airplane, and wood properties of dominant and co-dominant trees in each were compared. Although there was a relative reduction in wood specific gravity after fertilization, the data suggest that treated trees produced a greater weight of wood per tree than did the controls.

Effects of Specific Gravity and Wood Chemical Content on the Pulp Yield of Loblolly Pine

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID E. WHITE ◽  
CHARLES COURCHENE ◽  
THOMAS MCDONOUGH ◽  
LAURIE SCHIMLECK ◽  
DAVID JONES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Chemical Content

We quantified the effects of wood density (chip specific gravity) and wood chemical composition (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) on the kraft pulp yield of 13-year-old loblolly pine trees (Pinus taeda) grown as part of a genetic selection study. Both bleachable (kappa No. 30) and linerboard grade (kappa No. 100) pulps were made from 18 trees selected for combinations of wood specific gravity and cellulose:hemicellulose:lignin ratios. Statistical analysis indicated that digester pulp yield correlated significantly with wood xylan content and cellulose-to-lignin ratio but was not strongly correlated to wood specific gravity. Near infrared (NIR) spectra were collected from wood samples and correlated with the total kraft pulp yields. The analyses for both kappa No. 30 and kappa No. 100 pulps provided strong calibration statistics, suggesting that papermakers can use NIR spectroscopy to esti-mate the bleachable and linerboard grade pulp yields of P. taeda whole-tree samples.

Radial Variations of Anatomical Characteristics and Specific gravity in Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Clones

IAWA Journal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teera Veenin ◽  
Minoru Fujita ◽  
Tadashi Nobuchi ◽  
Somkid Siripatanadilok
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Cambial Age ◽  
Superior Clones

Five superior clones of Eucalyptus camaldulensis from in vitro propagation or tissue culture at the Sra Keaw plantation site in the eastern part of Thailand were selected for examining radial variations of anatomical characteristics and specific gravity. The age of the clones was 5 years at harvest. A 9-year-old tree grown from seed in the same site was also investigated. Results were as follows: 1) Mean specific gravity showed significantly different values among the 5 clones and the seedling. 2) Vessel density rapidly decreased in the first 2–4 cm from the pith in the clones and in 5 cm from the pith in the seedling. 3) Fiber lengths of the clones slowly increased from the pith outwards, while that of the seedling rapidly increased. 4) Each clone and the seedling had a different specific gravity and anatomical characteristics. 5) Clones had a narrower juvenile wood zone than the seedling due to the older cambial age of the clones.

Stability of juvenile wood specific gravity of loblolly pine in diverse geographic areas

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1080-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Jett ◽  
S. E. McKeand ◽  
R. J. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Sample Distribution ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Potential Gain ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
The Stability ◽  
East West

The stability of wood specific gravity for 12-year-old loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) was evaluated for 18 open-pollinated families and four bulked seed lots representing provenances from the eastern shore of Maryland; Marion County, Florida; Gulf Hammock, Florida; and Livingston Parish, Louisiana. Wood samples were collected from seven plantings chosen to provide a north–south and east–west sample distribution essentially encompassing an area spanning the natural range of loblolly pine. There was significant genotype × environment interaction, and 4 of the 18 families were classified as unstable for specific gravity. These four families accounted for 49.5% of the genotype × environment interaction sum of squares. However, the loss in potential gain in a breeding program for specific gravity due to the presence of a significant genotype × environment interaction was estimated to be only 1%. Loblolly pine from the Florida provenances and from the widely planted Livingston Parish provenance consistently displayed low specific gravity and ranked at or near the bottom at all test locations, including the southernmost plantings.

Tissue-culture shoot and root system effects on field performance of loblolly pine

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Anderson ◽  
L.J. Frampton Jr. ◽  
S.E. McKeand ◽  
J.F. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Root System ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Tissue Culture Plantlets

To study differences in growth between loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) tissue-culture plantlets and seedlings, shoot systems of plantlets and seedlings were grafted onto plantlet and seedling root systems. After three growing seasons, plantlet root systems accounted for 0.3 m of height growth loss and 1.0 cm of loss in basal diameter, while plantlet shoot systems accounted for 0.6 m of height growth loss and 1.4 cm of loss in basal diameter. The mature-appearing morphology of plantlet shoots was due to the shoot system of plantlets and not to the indirect effect of the plantlet root system.

Juvenile–mature relationships and heritability estimates of several traits in loblolly pine (Pinustaeda)

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy A. Loo ◽  
C. G. Tauer ◽  
J. P. van Buijtenen
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Genetic Prediction ◽  
Tracheid Length ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Strong Negative Relationship ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Genetic Covariances

Heritability estimates for wood specific gravity of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) in east Texas were high and relatively constant for all ages of wood sampled, but tracheid length was found to have low heritability at all ages. Heritability estimates for tracheid length declined with age after age 4 years. Coefficients of genetic prediction indicated that specific gravity of age 2 wood is a reliable predictor of wood specific gravity at age 25. Genetic covariances between juvenile and mature tracheid length were approximately zero. Coefficients of genetic prediction and genetic correlations between specific gravity and height and diameter at age 20 years indicated a strong negative relationship.

scholarly journals PERFORMA BIBIT RUMPUT LAUT Gracilaria verrucosa HASIL KULTUR JARINGAN DENGAN BUDIDAYA METODE SEBAR (BROADCAST) DI TAMBAK KABUPATEN SINJAI

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Rosmiati Rosmiati ◽  
Harlina Harlina ◽  
Emma Suryati ◽  
Rohama Daud ◽  
Herlinah Herlinah
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Gracilaria Verrucosa ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Significant Difference

Rumput laut Gracilaria verrucosa asal Kabupaten Sinjai memiliki kualitas paling rendah di antara semua sentra produksi Gracilaria sp. di Sulawesi Selatan. Hal ini salah satunya dikarenakan oleh bibit yang buruk. Penyediaan benih rumput laut yang berkualitas dapat dilakukan salah satunya dengan penggunaan bibit hasil kultur jaringan. Perbanyakan bibit Gracilaria verucosa dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode tali panjang long line maupun metode sebar (broadcast) di tambak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan, kandungan agar, dan kekuatan gel (gel strength) dari bibit G. verucosa hasil kultur jaringan di tambak Kabupaten Sinjai. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan dua perlakuan dan tiga ulangan yaitu perlakuan A (bibit kultur jaringan) dan B (bibit lokal) dengan berat awal masing-masing 10 kg. Pemeliharaan bibit dengan metode sebar dilakukan selama 30 hari. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan harian (DGR), kandungan agar dan gel strength bibit kultur jaringan dan bibit lokal menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05). Secara kuantitas hasil produksi bibit hasil kultur jaringan memiliki pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi daripada bibit lokal dengan berat akhir bibit 44,3 ± 4,16 kg hasil kultur jaringan dan 33,0 ± 4,35 kg lokal dengan DGR 4,97% bobot/hari (kultur jaringan) dan 3,90% bobot/hari (lokal). Secara kualitas bibit hasil kultur jaringan lebih baik dari bibit lokal, ditunjukkan dengan persentase kandungan agar bibit hasil kultur jaringan lebih tinggi daripada bibit lokal dengan rendemen agar 22,19 ± 2,45% (kultur jaringan) dan 16,50 ± 0,96% (lokal), sementara gel strength sebesar 204,20 ± 0,45 g/cm2 (hasil kultur jaringan) dan 128,10 ± 1,55 g/cm2 (bibit lokal).Seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa from Sinjai Regency has the lowest quality among all Gracilaria sp. Production centers in South Sulawesi due to the low quality of the seed. The seed quality can be improved using seed selection, followed by tissue-culture methods. Long-line and broadcast methods in brackishwater ponds are the efficient seaweed culture techniques to multiply the number of Gracilaria verrucosa seeds. This research was aimed to determine growth performance, gel content, and gel strength of seeds produced from tissue-culture and local seaweed farming. The experiment consisted of two treatments: treatment A (cells culture seed) and B (local seed) with the initial weight of 10 kg, each has three replicates. Both seeds were stocked and reared in the ponds using the broadcast method for 30 days. The results of DGR, gel content and gel strength showed a significant difference between tissue-cultured and local seeds (P<0.05). The tissue-cultured seed had better growth than the local seed with 4.97% mass/day for tissue-cultured seed and 3.90 mass/day for local seed. The tissue-culture seed also had better quality in agar content and gel strength. The agar content of tissue-cultured was 22.19 ± 2.45% and the local was 16.50 ± 0.96%. The gel strength of tissue-culture was 204.20 ± 0.45 g/cm2, and the local was 128.10 ± 1.55 g/cm2.

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