Changes in carbon content, respiration rate, ATP content, and microbial biomass in nitrogen-fertilized pine forest soils in Sweden

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-Ö. Nohrstedt ◽  
K. Arnebrant ◽  
E. Bååth ◽  
B. Söderström
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Atp Content ◽  
Area Basis ◽  
Substrate Induced Respiration ◽  
And Control

Carbon content and indices of microbial biomass and activity were determined in 1985 in different soil horizons of two nitrogen-fertilized pine forests in Sweden. The Kroksbo site was fertilized in 1974 with 150 and 600 kg N•ha−1 using NH4NO3 or urea, while the Nissafors site was fertilized in 1977 and 1984 with 150 kg NH4NO3-N•ha−1 The absolute amount of C per square metre of forest floor increased in fertilizer treatments compared with the control (by 10–26%, depending on the site or fertilizer treatment). Respiration rate, ATP content, and microbial biomass C, measured with the substrate-induced respiration technique, decreased in all horizons when expressed per gram of C. The decrease was most evident with NH4NO3, and at the highest level of fertilization. However, on an area basis there were no differences between fertilizer and control treatments. A calculated increase in litter fall in the fertilized plots could not explain all the increase in the amount of C per square metre compared with the control. Decreased microbial activity per gram of C therefore appeared to be an important factor in the increase in C content in fertilized plots.

scholarly journals Dehydrogenase activity in topsoil at windthrow plots in Tatra National Park

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hanajík ◽  
Jana Gáfriková ◽  
Milan Zvarík
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Wood Debris ◽  
Tatra National Park

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare the effect of windthrow treatments established after the windstorm in 2004 on the activity of enzyme dehydrogenase (DHA) in forest topsoils. We also focused on the effect of the recent windthrow (May 2014) on the DHA in topsoil. Soil samples were collected in July 2014 from four sites in the Tatra National Park: EXT - tree trunks and wood debris extracted after the windstorm in 2004, NEX - area left for self-regeneration after the windstorm in 2004, REX - tree trunks and wood debris extracted after the windstorm (May 2014), REN - Norway spruce stand set as a control plot. We measured pH, dry weight %, soil organic matter (SOM), carbon content in microbial biomass (Cblo) and DHA. Dehydrogenase activity at studied plots was the lowest at the EXT plot and the highest values were measured at the REN plot. DHA at NEX was similar to REN suggesting comparable ecological conditions at these plots comparing to EXT. Carbon content in microbial biomass at plots reflected intensity of dehydrogenase activity in sequence EXT < REX < NEX < REN.

Quantifying the contribution from the soil microbail biomass to the extractable P levels of fresh and air-dried soils

Soil Research ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
GP Sparling ◽  
KN Whale ◽  
AJ Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
P Values ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Microbial P ◽  
Drying Treatment ◽  
Substrate Induced Respiration

Levels of P extractable in 0.5 M NaHCO3 and the microbial biomass C were measured on a range of 15 New Zealand pasture soils, with and without an air-drying treatment. The microbial biomass C, estimated using a modified substrate-induced-respiration method, was decreased 11-68% by air-drying. Two soils showed no increase in extractable inorganic phosphorus (P) levels after air-drying, but increases for the other 13 soils ranged over 14-184%. In general, the biomass C was not related to the overall P, levels of moist or air-dried soils. However, the increase in P, after air-drying was related to the microbial P content of the moist soil, estimated by CHCl3 fumigation, and the proportion of the biomass C killed by air-drying. A comparison of the actual measured Pi levels of dried soils and those estimated allowing for the microbial contribution, showed excellent agreement, strongly suggesting that the whole of the Pi increase on air-drying of soils was derived from killed microbial cells. The microbial contribution to Pi levels in NaHCO3 extracts of dried soils ranged over 4-76% and was therefore a significant large proportion in some soils. A large microbial contribution to Pi in extracts is most likely on air-dried soils from under pasture with >2% organic matter and NaHCO3-extractable P values of <20 �g g-1.

scholarly journals Chemical and microbiological attributes of an oxisol treated with successive applications of sewage sludge¹

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1461-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rafael Pires Bueno ◽  
Ronaldo Severiano Berton ◽  
Adriana Parada Dias da Silveira ◽  
Marcio Koiti Chiba ◽  
Cristiano Alberto de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Studies on sewage sludge (SS) have confirmed the possibilities of using this waste as fertilizer and/or soil conditioner in crop production areas. Despite restrictions with regard to the levels of potentially toxic elements (PTE) and pathogens, it is believed that properly treated SS with low PTE levels, applied to soil at adequate rates, may improve the soil chemical and microbiological properties. This study consisted of a long-term field experiment conducted on a Typic Haplorthox (eutroferric Red Latosol) treated with SS for seven successive years for maize production, to evaluate changes in the soil chemical and microbiological properties. The treatments consisted of two SS rates (single and double dose of the crop N requirement) and a mineral fertilizer treatment. Soil was sampled in the 0-0.20 m layer and analyzed for chemical properties (organic C, pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, CEC, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni, and Pb) and microbiological properties (basal respiration, microbial biomass activity, microbial biomass C, metabolic quotient, microbial quotient, and protease and dehydrogenase enzyme activities). Successive SS applications to soil increased the macro- and micronutrient availability, but the highest SS dose reduced the soil pH significantly, indicating a need for periodic corrections. The SS treatments also affected soil microbial activity and biomass negatively. There were no significant differences among treatments for maize grain yield. After seven annual applications of the recommended sludge rate, the heavy metal levels in the soil had not reached toxic levels.

scholarly journals Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics, and CO2 Efflux in the Calcareous Sandy Loam Soil Treated with Chemically Modified Organic Amendments

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4707
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohammed-Nour ◽  
Mohamed Al-Sewailem ◽  
Ahmed H. El-Naggar ◽  
Mohamed H. El-Saeid ◽  
Anwar A. Aly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Nitrogen Losses ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
And Control

In Saudi Arabia, more than 335,000 tons of cow manure is produced every year from dairy farming. However, the produced cow manure is usually added to the agricultural soils as raw or composted manure; significant nitrogen losses occur during the storage, handling, and application of the raw manure. The recovery of ammonia from cow manure through thermochemical treatments is a promising technique to obtain concentrated nitrogen fertilizer and reducing nitrogen losses from raw manure. However, the byproduct effluents from the recovery process are characterized by different chemical properties from the original raw manure; thus, its impact as soil amendments on the soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics is unknown. Therefore, a 90-day incubation experiment was conducted to study the impact of these effluents on CO2 efflux, organic C, microbial biomass C, available NH4+, and NO3− when added to agricultural soil. In addition to the two types of effluents (produced at pH 9 and pH 12), raw cow manure (CM), composted cow manure (CMC), cow manure biochar (CMB), and control were used for comparison. The application of CM resulted in a considerable increase in soil available nitrogen and CO2 efflux, compared to other treatments. Cow manure biochar showed the lowest CO2 efflux. Cumulative CO2 effluxes of cow manure effluents were lower than CM; this is possibly due to the relatively high C:N ratio of manure effluent. The content of P, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn decreased as incubation time increased. Soil microbial biomass C for soil treated with cow manure effluents (pH 12 and 7) was significantly higher than the rest of the soil amendments and control.

Impact of Fertilization on Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen from Soil in Vegetable Greenhouse

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 382-386
Author(s):  
Ya Jie Zhao ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Yi Shi ◽  
Cai Yan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
C And N

In this study, columns packed of a greenhouse soil with various soil fertile levels (low, medium and high) were carried out under greenhouse condition. The leaching experiment lasted 51 days. There were four fertilization treatments including no fertilizer [CK], chemical fertilizer [NPK], organic manure [M], organic manure and chemical fertilizer [M+NPK]. Microbial biomass C and N were measured. The results were as follows: organic or inorganic fertilizer increased the contents of soil microbial biomass C and N, and combination of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer significantly elevated the amount of soil microbial biomass C and N compared to organic or inorganic fertilizer treatment. There were significant differences in the amount of microbial biomass C and N among different fertile level soil under different fertilization practices in 0-20 and 20-40cm soil layers. Our study showed that application of manure and chemical fertilizer at proper rates according to soil fertile status is beneficial to increase the amount of microbial biomass C and N.

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