Changes in bark beetle susceptibility indicators in a lightning-struck loblolly pine

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Blanche ◽  
J. D. Hodges ◽  
T. E. Nebeker
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Attack Behavior ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Dramatic Decline

Xylem resin flow in a lightning-struck loblolly pine was too low to be measured for the first few days after the strike, but flow was restored after 3 weeks. The content of α-pinene, camphene and myrcene in the oleoresin increased 3 weeks after the strike while the level of β-pinene showed a dramatic decline. Limonene and β-phellandrene also decreased, but not as dramatically as the decline in β-pinene. The implications of these changes to known bark beetle attack behavior are discussed.

Environment and ontogeny modify loblolly pine response to induced acute water deficits and bark beetle attack

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter L. Lorio ◽  
Frederick M. Stephen ◽  
Timothy D. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Water Deficits

Loblolly pine responds to mechanical wounding with increased resin flow

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J Ruel ◽  
Matthew P Ayres ◽  
Peter L Lorio, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Plant Defense Mechanism ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

The oleoresin produced by many conifers has a deleterious effect on numerous associated herbivores, including bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), and may have evolved as a plant defense mechanism. Three experiments with juvenile loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) used mechanical wounding to drain resin reserves and assess the effects of prior bark wounding on subsequent resin flow up to 7 days post-treatment. Resin flow returned to pre-treatment values within 2 days after wounding began and, in nearly every tree in each experiment, continued to increase on subsequent days. On average, resin flow reached double the pre-treatment values (mean ± SE: 2.10 ± 0.10 vs. 1.13 ± 0.10 g/3 h and 2.28 ± 0.09 vs. 0.90 ± 0.09 g/3 h for wounded vs. pre-treatment in experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Considering its timing and magnitude, this previously undescribed response may be important in modulating interactions between pine trees and bark beetles. In addition, resin flow following treatment was greater in trees in larger crown size classes (thinned > edge of stand = unthinned in experiment 1; edge of stand > thinned > unthinned in experiment 2). This may help explain why trees in thinned stands are less susceptible to southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) infestation than trees in unthinned stands.

Forest composition following overstory mortality from southern pine beetle and associated treatmentsExperiment Station Project 06-08-109 of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington, Kentucky.

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1406-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Coleman ◽  
Stephen R. Clarke ◽  
James R. Meeker ◽  
L. K. Rieske
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Pine Beetle

Bark beetle caused mortality continues to play a critical role in determining the composition and structure of forests in North America, and revegetation dynamics following these disturbances are poorly understood. We assessed forest composition following southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, mortality and associated cut and leave suppression, and compared them with undisturbed loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., stands in Texas. Abundant hardwood regeneration dominated the understory, with little loblolly pine regeneration following either mortality event. Disturbances eliminated loblolly pine dominance in these even-aged stands, thus stratifying forest structure and apparently increasing stem density (stems·ha–1), richness (species·ha–1), and diversity (ha) in the lower strata. Aspect and elevation, presumably through influences on site moisture, were the primary gradients associated with vegetation variation in the canonical correspondence analyses for new regeneration. Mortality from Dendroctonus and cut and leave practices shifted loblolly pine communities to mixed upland hardwoods in model predictions generated by the southern variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator. In addition to being an effective bark beetle control, cut and leave suppression did not alter predicted forest composition 50 years hence when compared with unsuppressed bark beetle-caused mortality. Because of the predicted shift to hardwood domination and a low pine basal area, it is expected that mortality from D. frontalis and cut and leave will substantially reduce future hazards from D. frontalis outbreaks.

Stimulation of resin flow in slash and loblolly pine by bark beetle vectored fungi

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1124-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Popp ◽  
Jon D. Johnson ◽  
Thomas L. Massey
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Passive Flow ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
Fungal Inoculation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The passive flow of resin from wounds is one mechanism that pines, Pinus spp., use in the defense against bark beetles and the pathogenic fungi they vector. Ten 18- to 20-year-old slash pine, Pinuselliottii Engelm. var. elliottii, were inoculated with spores of Ceratocystisminor (Hedge.) Hunt or Ceratocystisips (Rumb.) C. Moreau, or treated with sterile water during August 1988 to determine if resin flow is stimulated by fungal inoculation. Resin flowing from wounds was collected every 24 h for 2 days. This study was repeated in August 1989 with both slash pine and loblolly pine, Pinustaeda L., and resin was collected every 24 h for 3 days. In both species resin flow did not differ significantly among treatments during the first 24 h. However, during the second 24-h period, resin flow from the fungal-inoculated wounds was significantly greater than the flow from the sterile water treated wound. This pattern continued during the third 24-h period for slash but not loblolly pine. These results suggest that resin flow is not entirely passive and exhibits a degree of inducibility.

EFFECTS OF ABIES GRANDIS RESIN ON THE ATTACK BEHAVIOR AND BROOD SURVIVAL OF SCOLYTUS VENTRALIS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 1229-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Berryman ◽  
M. Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Attack Behavior ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Abies Grandis ◽  
Brood Survival ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
Flow Aggregation ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Early Developmental

AbstractScolytus ventralis females attack their host, Abies grandis, at random in the beginning of the flight period. The success of these attacks, as manifested by the length of the gallery, is determined by the rapidity of the host’s resinous response, attacking females being repelled by resin flow. Aggregation occurs on both resistant and susceptible hosts but is directly associated with the degree of gallery elongation. Resinosis occurring after brood establishment reduces survival, having its greatest impact on the early developmental stages. Mortality from resinosis is inversely related to attack density.

Susceptibility of loblolly pine to bark beetle attack following simulated wind stress

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Fredericksen ◽  
R.L. Hedden ◽  
S.A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Simulated Wind
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document