Dusting roots of Abiesconcolor and other conifers with Pisolithustinctorius spores at outplanting time proves ineffective

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1021-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel F. Alvarez ◽  
James M. Trappe
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Soil Scarification

Dusting roots of white fir (Abiesconcolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl.), shasta red fir (Abiesmagnifica var. shastensis Lemm.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco), and ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) with Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch (Pt) spores when outplanted produced no Pt mycorrhizae at the end of the first growing season. In the 3rd year occasional Pt mycorrhizae had formed on white fir. Inoculations reduced seedling survival in some cases. High rate of spore application may have desiccated roots of the true firs; levels of spore application need careful attention. Soil scarification and ripping significantly promoted growth of white fir seedlings compared with scarification alone.

Symptom expression in conifers infected with Armillaria ostoyae and Heterobasidion annosum

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1210-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W Omdal ◽  
Charles G Shaw, III ◽  
William R Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Old Trees

Crown symptoms and other aboveground variables were examined on 36 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco.) (40–209 years old), 46 white fir (Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl.) (36–165 years old), and 97 ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) (64–220 years old) trees in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. Root systems of all trees were excavated to determine extent of root disease. Symptoms observed on infected trees, including reductions in height growth, changes in foliage characteristics, and crown dieback, worsened as the number of infected roots increased. Trees with aboveground symptoms had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) number of infected lateral roots than trees without symptoms. In mixed conifer stands on the Archuleta Mesa, Colo., four qualitative crown symptoms were used to accurately detect Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink and (or) Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. infection of Douglas-fir (21/22, or 95%) and white fir (19/28, or 68%). Similarly, 61% (48/79) of the A. ostoyae infected ponderosa pine trees on the Jemez site, N.M., were detected using the qualitative Thomson vigor rating system. Discriminate analysis, using more thorough variables and analysis, resulted in correct infection classifications of 82%, 85%, and 78% for Douglas-fir, white fir, and ponderosa pine, respectively, suggesting that aboveground variables are reasonable indicators of root disease.

Effects of application rate and cold soaking pretreatment of Pisolithus spores on effectiveness as nursery inoculum on western conifers

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel F. Alvarez ◽  
James M. Trappe
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Mycorrhiza Formation ◽  
Bare Root

Ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco), Shasta red (Abiesmagnified var. shastensis Lemm.), and white fir (Abiesconcolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hild.) seedlings were inoculated in a bare root nursery with basidiospores of Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch. The spores were applied at three rates with or without cold–wet pretreatment of 7 or 21 days. Pretreatment did not affect spore efficiency as inoculum. Only ponderosa pine responded to inoculation. Inoculations in the greenhouse with a wider range of spore application rates revealed that a higher concentration of spores was needed to induce an increase in growth and mycorrhiza formation of Douglas-fir than ponderosa pine. These levels were much higher than those used in nursery inoculations.

scholarly journals Growth of Douglas-Fir and Ponderosa Pine Seedlings with Foliar Applications of Methanol and Ethanol

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-185
Author(s):  
Gladwin Joseph ◽  
Rick G. Kelsey
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Abstract To test whether methanol or ethanol stimulated growth of coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii vat. menziesii) or ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings, we sprayed concentrations of 1 to 10% (v/v) on the foliage twice a week for 13 wk during the growing season. Foliar applications of methanol and ethanol neither significantly stimulated nor inhibited growth, and signs of damage at these concentrations were lacking. West. J. Appl. For. 14(4):183-185.

Survival and Growth of Douglas-Fir Seedlings with Spot-Spraying, Mulching and Root-Dipping

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Hsiung Tung ◽  
Jim Batdorff ◽  
David R. DeYoe
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Management ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Survival Of Seedlings

Abstract Two vegetation management methods, paper mulching and spot-spraying with glyphosate, were combined with a root-dipping treatment, Terra Sorb®, to test effects on seedling survival and height growth on a harsh site in Oregon. Survival of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings was significantly higher after the third growing season when competing vegetation had been controlled with mulch or glyphosate during the first two growing seasons. Seedlings retreated with paper mulch and glyphosate before the second growing season had 36 and 25% higher survival than those that were not retreated. None of the seedlings was retreated before the third season; after this season, survival of seedlings treated twice with glyphosate was 26, 23, and 21% higher than seedlings receiving one glyphosate treatment and one or two mulch applications, respectively. There were no differences in seedling height growth among treatments. Rootdipping with Terra Sorb® did not influence survival or growth. West. J. Appl. For. 1:108-111 Oct. 86.

scholarly journals Impacts of growing‐season climate on tree growth and post‐fire regeneration in ponderosa pine and Douglas‐fir forests

Ecosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e02679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacey E. Hankin ◽  
Philip E. Higuera ◽  
Kimberley T. Davis ◽  
Solomon Z. Dobrowski
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Douglas Fir

Ultraviolet-B radiation effects on early seedling growth of Pinaceae species

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan V. Kossuth ◽  
R. Hilton Biggs
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Radiation Level ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Noble Fir

Seven coniferous species were grown in the Duke University phytotron under five ultraviolet-B (UV-B = 280–320 nm) radiation regimes for 11 weeks. The irradiation regimes were 765, 680, 637, 310, and 28 mW•m−2 as summed over the 280–320 nm UV-B waveband. The UV-B radiation source was FS40 Westinghouse sunlamps filtered with cellulose acetate for four treatment irradiation levels and clear Mylar for the control. Biomass production of lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl.), loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.), noble fir (Abiesprocera Redh.), ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Laws.), and slash pine (Pinuselliottii Engelm.) was significantly reduced at the highest UV-B radiation level and somewhat less at the lower levels. These species were rated as slightly susceptible (5–25% reduction in biomass). Biomass production of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) was unaffected, and white fir (Abiesconcolor (Gord. and Glenn.) Lindl.) biomass was increased significantly by UV-B radiation at 310, 637, and 680 mW•m−2 UV-B radiation levels. Root weight tended to be reduced more than shoot weight, thereby decreasing root:shoot ratios significantly in certain UV-B regimes. Leaf area declined significantly with increasing UV-B radiation for all species except white fir and Douglas-fir. At the higher UV-B irradiance levels, height was significantly reduced when compared with the Mylar control on loblolly, lodgepole, ponderosa, slash pines, and noble fir, respectively. Height of Douglas-fir was not altered and height of white fir was increased significantly at the lowest level of UV-B radiation tested.

scholarly journals Twenty-Year Response of Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) to Treatment with Hexazinone in Northeastern Oregon

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Amanda Lindsay ◽  
Paul Oester ◽  
Elizabeth Cole
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Initial Control

Abstract Chemical control of competing vegetation with hexazinone is a common and effective silvicultural treatment for ensuring ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) plantation success on dry sites in the western United States, yet few studies document the effect for more than the first few years after planting. This study, re-evaluated 20 years after planting, followed ponderosa pine growth and survival when hexazinone was applied in broadcast and spot treatments for control of competing vegetation. We continued work from the first 5 years after establishment that identified early differences in ponderosa pine seedling survival and growth with treatment. Examination of 20-year trends indicated that individual tree volume and volume per hectare continued to diverge among treatments. The economic differences among treatments may increase as more surviving, faster-growing trees in the broadcast treatments reach higher-value products sooner. Initial control of competing vegetation increased the likelihood of seedling survival and increased tree size after 20 years. Results pertained to ponderosa pine of the Douglas-fir/spiraea (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Beissn./Spiraea betulifolia Pall.) and Douglas-fir/common snowberry (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Beissn./Symphoricarpos albus [L.] S. F. Blake) plant associations in northeastern Oregon, but they should apply to similar sites throughout much of the intermountain West.

scholarly journals Physiology and Growth of Containerized Coastal Douglas Fir Seedlings Given Different Durations of Short Days to Induce Dormancy

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-346
Author(s):  
Joanne E. MacDonald ◽  
John N. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
First Year ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Terminal Buds ◽  
Short Days

We compared the effects of different durations of short days (SDs) as a dormancy-induction regime on bud development, bud endodormancy, and morphology of first-year containerized coastal douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii] seedlings in the nursery together with seedling survival and growth after one growing season in a common garden. In early July, four durations of 8-h SDs were applied: 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks. During the first week of SDs, budscale initiation started and was completed; then initiation of needles for next year's leading shoot (leader) began. Needle initiation was completed 10 weeks after the start of the regime in seedlings given 5 or 6 weeks of SDs and 13 weeks for those given 3 or 4 weeks of SDs. In early October, duration of SDs had no effect on bud endodormancy; 50% to 88% of terminal buds were endodormant. On this date, seedling height and shoot dry weight were unaffected by duration of SDs, whereas root dry weight and shoot diameter were significantly reduced in seedlings given 6 weeks of SDs compared with other durations. After one growing season, duration of SDs had no effect on seedling survival, leader length, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, or shoot diameter. We recommend the 3-week duration of SDs for coastal douglas fir crops.

scholarly journals Deterioration of Fire-Killed Timber in Southern Oregon and Northern California

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eini C. Lowell ◽  
James M. Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Percent Loss ◽  
White Fir ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sugar Pine ◽  
Second Year ◽  
One Year

Abstract Deterioration of fire-killed timber in the coastal mountains of southern Oregon and northern California was monitored over a 3 yr period (1988-1990). Defect was identified and measured on felled and bucked sample trees by using Scribner and cubic scaling rules. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), grand fir (Abies grandis), white fir (A. concolor),ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), and sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), covering a wide range of geographic areas, site conditions, and tree size and age, were studied. One year after death, Douglas-fir, sugar pine, and ponderosa pine had lost about 1% and the true firs 5% of their cubic volume. The sapwood of the pines was heavily stained. The occurrence of sap rot and weather checks increased the second year. Percent loss in all species was correlated with small-end scaling diameter. A logistic regression model predicting the incidence of cull was developed for use on logs that have been dead for 3 yr. West. J. Appl. For. 11(4):125-131.

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