Comparative toxic effects of some xenobiotics on the germination and early seedling growth of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) and white birch (Betulapapyrifera Marsh.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 796-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pearl Weinberger ◽  
Ritta Vladut
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Atp Content ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Sprout Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Sensitive Parameters ◽  
All Treatment

Seeds of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) and white birch (Betulapapyrifera March.) were germinated in homogeneous emulsions or aqueous tank-mix solutions of fenitrothion or Matacil and their respective adjuvants: Atlox and Aerotex, or diluent oil No. 585 and nonylphenol. Percentage and peak germination values, water uptake, sprout length, ATP content, and morphological modifications were recorded from 0 to 14 or 21 days. Apart from 100 ppm fenitrothion which stimulated germination values, germination in jack pine was only marginally affected by any of the treatments; in contrast, white birch was negatively affected by all treatments. The most sensitive parameters of toxicity were the sprout length and ATP content after 14 days growth. Aberrant hypocotyl/root length ratios were evidenced in pine seeds after exposure to xenobiotic treatments which did not affect the germinative capacity of seeds. ATP content in the 14-day-old pine and birch seedlings was consistently higher than controls in all treatment sets.

Some toxic effects of fenitrothion on seed germination and early seedling growth of jack pine, spruce, and birches

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pearl Weinberger ◽  
L. Pomber ◽  
R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Tree Seeds

The seeds of four tree species (two conifers and two angiosperms) indigenous to the spruce boreal forests of Canada were exposed to 10 ppm (field concentration) and 1000 ppm fenitrothion during stratification and (or) early seedling growth. Pinusbanksiana Lamb. (jack pine) seeds exposed to 1000 ppm fenitrothion germinated more rapidly at first (0–10 days) but later were indistinguishable from untreated or 10 ppm fenitrothion treated seeds. The speed and percent germination of Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss (white spruce) seeds were unaffected by either fenitrothion treatment. After 5 months growth the conifer seedlings derived from fenitrothion treated seeds were comparable to untreated seedlings. The (angiosperm tree) seeds of Betulaalleghaniensis Britton and Betulapaperifera Marsh, (yellow and white birch) showed reduced germination following exposure to 10 ppm fenitrothion and marked toxicological damage when exposed to 1000 ppm fenitrothion.

Physiological response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at early seedling stage under salt stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Mann ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Satish Kumar Sanwal ◽  
Jogendra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

Screening of chickpea lines for salt tolerance through seed germination and early seedling growth is crucial for their evaluation. Seeds of 30 chickpea genotypes were germinated on a sand bed irrigated with saline (3, 6, 9, 12 dS/m) and control solutions upto 30 days. At the early seedling stage (25-30 days), germination percentage, chlorophyll content, proline, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were found to be affected due to salinity. Salt tolerance index (STI) for plant biomass maintained a significant correlation with chlorophyll, proline, shoot length, and root length, which indicated that these parameters could be used as selection criteria for screening chickpea genotypes against salt stress. Significant differences in shoot length, root length, and seedling dry weight in 30-day-old seedlings were observed among selected chickpea genotypes as well. From the overall observation of germination characterstics and early seedling growth, it is concluded that the chickpea genotypes, HC-1, HC-5, ICC 867, ICC 5003, H-10-41 showed better salt tolerance as compared to the available salt tolerant check variety.

​Screening of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes for Germination and Early Seedling Growth under PEG 6000 Induced Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Himaja ◽  
K. Radhika ◽  
K. Bayyapu Reddy ◽  
M. Raghavendra
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Early Seedling

Background: Drought stress at germination and early growth stages hinders the seedling establishment in chickpea which ultimately affects the economic yield. Such adverse affects of drought can be mitigated by screening and identifying the tolerant genotypes of chickpea which is commonly cultivated under rain-fed conditions during post-rainy season. Methods: Effect of drought stress on germination and early seedling growth of thirty three chickpea genotypes was studied under four different concentrations of PEG 6000 (-0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa) along with control and hydration under laboratory conditions during 2018-19. Result: Significant variation was observed among the genotypes for germination, root length, shoot length and seedling vigour index under different concentrations of PEG 6000. Complete inhibition of germination was observed in most of the genotypes at -1.2 MPa. Based on the results obtained, JG 11 and NBeG 3 were considered as tolerant since they showed comparatively higher germination, root length, shoot length and seedling vigour even at -1.2 MPa, while NBeG 723 and NBeG 833 were considered as susceptible genotypes because of their poor germination and seedling growth even at lower levels of drought stress.

Effects of salinity on seedling emergence and early seedling growth of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-295
Author(s):  
R. Vihotogbé ◽  
C. Watson ◽  
R. Glèlè Kakaï ◽  
F. Wichern ◽  
B. Sinsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

scholarly journals The CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase NtCIPK23 Positively Regulates Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Sujuan Shi ◽  
Lulu An ◽  
Jingjing Mao ◽  
Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko ◽  
Zia Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Cotyledon Expansion

CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) family is a unique group of serine/threonine protein kinase family identified in plants. Among this family, AtCIPK23 and its homologs in some plants are taken as a notable group for their importance in ions transport and stress responses. However, there are limited reports on their roles in seedling growth and development, especially in Solanaceae plants. In this study, NtCIPK23, a homolog of AtCIPK23 was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum. Expression analysis showed that NtCIPK23 is mainly expressed in the radicle, hypocotyl, and cotyledons of young tobacco seedlings. The transcriptional level of NtCIPK23 changes rapidly and spatiotemporally during seed germination and early seedling growth. To study the biological function of NtCIPK23 at these stages, the overexpressing and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out (ntcipk23) tobacco lines were generated. Phenotype analysis indicated that knock-out of NtCIPK23 significantly delays seed germination and the appearance of green cotyledon of young tobacco seedling. Overexpression of NtCIPK23 promotes cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings. The expression of NtCIPK23 in hypocotyl is strongly upregulated by darkness and inhibited under light, suggesting that a regulatory mechanism of light might underlie. Consistently, a more obvious difference in hypocotyl length among different tobacco materials was observed in the dark, compared to that under the light, indicating that the upregulation of NtCIPK23 contributes greatly to the hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, NtCIPK23 not only enhances tobacco seed germination, but also accelerate early seedling growth by promoting cotyledon greening rate, cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings.

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