Biomass and nutrient removals by conventional and whole-tree clear-cutting of a red spruce – balsam fir stand in central Nova Scotia

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Freedman ◽  
R. Morash ◽  
A. J. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Total Pool ◽  
Whole Tree

Data are presented of biomass and nutrient removals by conventional and whole-tree clear-cutting of 0.5-ha blocks of an all-aged Picearubens – Abiesbalsamea stand in central Nova Scotia. The biomass yield from the conventional clear-cut plot was 105 200 kg dry weight•ha−1, and the removals of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg were 98.2, 16.3, 91.7, 180.9, and 17.0 kg•ha−1 respectively. Biomass removals from the whole-tree clear-cut plot were 152 500 kg dry weight•ha−1, and the removals of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg were 239.1, 35.2, 132.6, 336.5, and 36.9 kg•ha−1, respectively. These removals of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg from the whole-tree harvested plot, expressed as percentages of the quantities of these nutrients in the "total" pool within the exploitable soil horizons, were 5.0, 2.8, 1.0, 5.9, and 2.1%, respectively. However, when these removals were expressed relative to the quantities in the "available" soil pools, they were much larger, i.e., 500, 34, 184, 306, and 95% for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of conventional and whole-tree clear-cutting on concentrations of some micronutrients in coniferous forest soil and plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Grønflaten ◽  
Eiliv Steinnes ◽  
Göran Örlander
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Deschampsia Flexuosa ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Cu And Zn

Effect of conventional and whole-tree clear-cutting on concentrations of some micronutrients in coniferous forest soil and plants Increasingly intensive and mechanized clear-cutting may deplete the forest ecosystem of essential nutrients. A clear-cut area near Växjö, southern Sweden, was investigated for changes in Mn, Cu and Zn in soil (NH4NO3 extractable and HNO3 soluble) and wavy hair grass (Deschampsia flexuosa) after conventional (CC) and whole-tree clear-cutting (WTC). The soil samples were mostly iron podzols. The area consisted of four clear-cut sites, respectively 2, 4, 6 and 8 years old, and an uncut forest reference stand. Each of the clear-cuts was split in two parts representing WTC and CC sites. Manganese showed the most definite trends after clear-cutting, exhibiting higher extractable concentrations in Oe, Oa and E horizons (4-8 years after clear-cutting) and B horizons (6-8 years after clear-cutting). The increase of exchangeable Mn in the E (2-8 years) and B (4-8 years) horizons was particularly strong. Zn concentrations tended to fluctuate with time. There was a tendency to higher Mn and Zn concentrations in the humus layer especially 2 years after CC-treatment compared with WTC, whereas the opposite trend was apparent for Cu. Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations decreased in Deschampsia flexuosa 2 years after clear-cutting, possibly due to increased soil pH.

Response of red spruce and balsam fir seedlings to aluminum toxicity in nutrient solutions

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Schier
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Manganese Magnesium

Red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) and balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.) were grown in nutrient solutions containing 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L aluminum (Al) at pH 3.8. Seedlings died only when placed directly in solutions containing Al without first being conditioned to growth in a hydroponic system. In preconditioned seedlings, no evidence of Al injury was noted in the tops of seedlings at any level of Al, except for small reductions in shoot growth. Aluminum toxicity symptoms in roots, however, were well developed, though spruce showed less tolerance than fir. Inhibition of root growth in both species was first evident at 50 mg/L Al, root lengths decreasing with increasing concentrations of Al. Spruce seedlings at Al concentrations of 100 mg/L and higher were characterized by thickened, stunted, dark brown roots. Root deterioration was caused by Al-induced destruction of epidermal and cortical cells. Although root elongation was severely restricted in spruce and fir, root dry weight was not significantly reduced. Aluminum decreased seedling uptake of most mineral elements; manganese, magnesium, and zinc were affected most and boron and phosphorus least.

Évolution des stocks de carbone organique dans le solaprès coupe dans la sapinière à bouleau jaune de l'est du Québec

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain St-Laurent ◽  
Rock Ouimet ◽  
Sylvie Tremblay ◽  
Louis Archambault
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Yellow Birch ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Mature Stands ◽  
Whole Tree

Following the Rio and Kyoto protocols, forest sequestration of organic C (Corg) appears to be among the measures to reduce atmospheric C. In this context, we assessed the evolution of soils' reserves of Corg after complete whole-tree forest harvesting in the balsam fir–yellow birch forest of eastern Quebec. The experimental design consisted of eight plots in mature stands, and 10 plots in 7-, 12-, and 22-yr-old clearcuts in the "Seigneurie du Lac Métis", located 80 km south-east of Rimouski, Quebec, Canada. The soil type was an Orthic Humo-ferric Podzol. Major Corg losses occured in the forest floor of the 7-, 12- and 22-yr-old harvested plots compared with mature stands. The FH horizon of harvested plots showed a loss of 44% (−30.5 t ha−1) in dry weight and 13.5% (−62.1 g kg–1) in Corg content between 7 and 22-yr-old harvested plots. More than half the Corg content of the forest floor was lost in that time (−52% or −16.6 t ha−1). The Corg stock of the L horizon were lowered only for the 7-yr-old treatment (2.5 t ha−1) compared with mature stands (4.9 t ha−1). No significant differences in the Corg stocked in the first 30 m of the mineral soil were found between treatments. It appears that the forest floor of balsam fir–yellow birch stands has become a source of Corg for at least 22 yr after forest harvesting. Key words: Forest harvesting, soil, organic carbon, forest floor

Whole-Tree Clear-Cutting Effects on Soil Horizons and Organic-Matter Pools

1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris E. Johnson ◽  
Arthur H. Johnson ◽  
Thomas G. Huntington ◽  
Thomas G. Siccama
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Whole Tree

Balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) – Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) forest productivity 35 years after whole-tree and stem-only harvesting in north-central Maine, USA

2022 ◽  
Vol 504 ◽  
pp. 119823
Author(s):  
C. Tattersall Smith ◽  
Christopher Preece ◽  
Inge Stupak ◽  
Russell D. Briggs ◽  
Bruna Barusco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Forest Productivity ◽  
Picea Rubens ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
North Central ◽  
Whole Tree

Volume, dry weight, and kraft pulping of fertilized balsam fir from Nova Scotia

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-366
Author(s):  
K. Hunt ◽  
V. R. Timmer ◽  
W. G. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Weight Density ◽  
Growth Decline ◽  
Precise Testing

Volume, dry weight, density, and kraft pulping data were obtained from control and fertilized, mature balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.) from Nova Scotia. Fertilization treatments consisted of 450 kg N/ha; 450 kg N and 112 kg P/ha; and 450 kg N, 112 kg P, and 112 kg K/ha, plus the untreated control. Samples were taken at three height positions in trees: stump, breast height, and mid-stem. Wood laid down for 5 years after treatment was separated from wood laid down for 5 years before treatment, and its density determined before being pulped by the kraft process.Fertilization significantly increased volume and dry weight increment and reversed patterns of growth decline during the response period. Any effect specifically due to phosphorous or potassium fertilization over that of nitrogen could not be detected with certainty. Wood density was reduced by N and NP applications; however, pulp yield was unaffected by the fertilization treatments. The need for tree equivalence prior to treatment is stressed for more precise testing of differences.

A comparison of measurements of the standing crops of biomass and nutrients in a conifer stand in Nova Scotia

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-502
Author(s):  
B. Freedman ◽  
P. N. Duinker ◽  
R. Morash ◽  
U. Prager
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Tree Approach ◽  
Harvest Method ◽  
Whole Tree

A comparison is made of the realized and potential harvest removals of biomass and nutrients (N, P. K. Ca, and Mg) in a red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) dominated stand, as estimated by experimental harvest of two 0.5-ha plots, and through the use of biomass regressions and a stratified mean-tree approach. The latter two calculations gave estimates of potential harvest removal (standing crop) that were similar to each other, but that were higher than the removals estimated by the harvest method by an average of 29% for whole-tree biomass, 84% for N. 58% for P. 28% for K. 45% for Ca. and 41 % for Mg. The differences are attributed to incomplete recovery of aboveground biomass by the experimental harvests, and to a tendency of regression techniques to overestimate standing crops.

Scots pine ectomycorrhizal fungal inoculum potential and dynamics in podzol-specific humus, eluvial and illuvial horizons one and four growth seasons after forest clear-cut logging

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Heinonsalo ◽  
Robin Sen
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Inoculum Potential ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Its Sequence Analysis ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Morphotypes

The aims of this microcosm-based study were to characterize Scots pine ectomycorrhizal (EcM) inoculum potential in humus (O) and underlying eluvial (E) and illuvial (B) mineral podzol soil horizons and to compare the inoculum potential 1 and 4 years following clear-cut logging. The specific horizons were collected from a Scots pine control uncut stand, the adjacent interface zone (3–10 m from the forest edge), and the adjoining clear-cut area. The highest Simpson's reciprocal diversity indices (SRDI) of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes and polymerase chain reaction – internal transcribed spacer – restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-(ITS)-RFLP) taxa were detected in the humus and E horizon. The B horizon supported the lowest SRDI, but the community consisted of mycorrhizas representing active rhizomorph-forming species. Identified RFLP taxa, confirmed via ITS sequence analysis, highlighted horizon specificity for some genera and species. With respect to clear-cutting impacts, the most dominant ectomycorrhizal morphotypes detected and diversity indices were the same irrespective of the sampling time, which strongly indicates that inoculum potential is maintained up to four growth seasons after the clearcut. No forest treatment dependent differences in Scots pine seedling biomass were detected, but, compared with humus, significantly reduced biomass was recorded in deeper mineral soil horizons. The data are discussed in relation with recent vertical profile studies and forest silvicultural practices.

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