Ozone effects on nutrient resorption in loblolly pine

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1634-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Baker ◽  
H. Lee Allen
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Per Se ◽  
A Site

A three-year study on the effects of chronic exposure to elevated ozone on loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) was conducted at a site in the Piedmont of North Carolina. Open-top chambers were used to control six levels of ozone, from 0.50 times ambient to 3.0 times ambient ozone concentration, on two open-pollinated families with suspected differences in sensitivity to ozone. Nutrient concentrations and contents were measured in fascicles obtained before and after abscission. Ozone strongly accelerated fascicle abscission and also tended to increase most nutrient concentrations in both pre- and post-abscission fascicles. There was, however, no significant impact of the ozone treatment on the amounts of nutrients resorbed during abscission. These data suggest that nutrient resorption associated with elevated ozone exposure followed a pattern more closely approximating accelerated senescence rather than premature abscission per se. The two open-pollinated families did not differ in nutrient resorption but did have isolated differences in the pre- and post-abscission fascicle concentrations.

Nutritional response of loblolly pine exposed to ozone and simulated acid rain

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Baker ◽  
H. Lee Allen ◽  
Michele M. Schoeneberger ◽  
Lance W. Kress
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Rain Effect

The effects of ozone and simulated acid rain on the aboveground nutrient composition of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) seedlings were studied in a 2-year open-top chamber experiment in the Piedmont of North Carolina. Multivariate analysis of variance tests indicated significant ozone response in the 2nd year but no significant simulated acid rain effect in either year. No interaction among treatments was detectable. Seedlings responded to increasing ozone exposures with increasing concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the stem, branches, and foliage. The response of increased nutrient concentration was associated with decreased total biomass accumulation. The nutritional responses were most prominent in late season flushes of foliage and are probably related to ozone-induced premature abscission of early-season flushes. High nutrient concentrations in the stem, branches, and late-season flushes of trees exposed to elevated ozone levels suggest retranslocation and slower growth rates resulted in better aboveground nutrient status and lower nutrient demand from the soil.

Nutrient resorption and stoichiometric responses of poplar (Populus deltoids) plantations to N addition in a coastal region of eastern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalong Jiang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Qinghong Geng ◽  
Menghua Zhang ◽  
Chonghua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Poplar Plantations ◽  
Populus Deltoids

Abstract Aims Leaf nutrient resorption is sensitive to changes in soil nutrients. However, the effects of N deposition on nutrient resorption efficiency (NuRE) in plant macro-nutrients remain unclear. Poplar (Populus deltoids) is one of the most extensively cultivated hardwood species worldwide. We explored general patterns and dominant drivers of NuRE and stoichiometry of poplar plantations in response to N addition. Methods We conducted a 4-year N-addition experiment to explore NuRE and stoichiometric responses to N addition in two poplar (Populus deltoids) plantations (8- and 12-year-old stands) in a coastal region of eastern China. We measured soil and foliar (green and senesced leaves) concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) for a series of N addition treatments including N0 (0 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), N1 (50 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), N2 (100 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), N3 (150 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), and N4 (300 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1). Important Findings Consistent for (both) 8- and 12-year-old stands, N addition did not affect the NuRE and stoichiometry (with the exception of CaRE and CaRE:MgRE ratio). NRE-PRE scaling slopes were consistently less than 1.0 under N addition. These results suggest that NRE generally decouples from PRE within each N treatment. Moreover, these results point to robust control of green leaf nutritional status on nutrient resorption processes as indicated by the positive relationships between nutrient resorption efficiency and green leaf nutrient concentrations. Our findings provided a direct evidence that growth in 12-year-old poplar plantations was N-limited in a coastal region of eastern China.

scholarly journals Influence of Ozone Treatment on Ultrafiltration Performance and Nutrient Flow in a Membrane Based Nutrient Recovery Process from Anaerobic Digestate

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Gienau ◽  
Artjom Ehrmanntraut ◽  
Matthias Kraume ◽  
Sandra Rosenberger
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Biogas Plants

Membrane filtration of biological suspensions is frequently limited by fouling. This mechanism is well understood for ultrafiltration of activated sludge in membrane bioreactors. A rather young application of ultrafiltration is the recovery of nutrients from anaerobic digestates, e.g., from agricultural biogas plants. A process chain of solid/liquid separation, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmoses separates the digestate into different products: an organic N-P-fertilizer (solid digestate), a recirculate (UF retentate), a liquid N-K-fertilizer (RO retentate) and water. Despite the preceding particle removal, high crossflow velocities are required in the ultrafiltration step to overcome fouling. This leads to high operation costs of the ultrafiltration step and often limits the economical application of the complete process chain. In this study, under-stoichiometric ozone treatment of the ultrafiltration feed stream is investigated. Ozone treatment reduced the biopolymer concentration and apparent viscosity of different digestate centrates. Permeabilities of centrate treated with ozone were higher than without ozone treatment. In a laboratory test rig and in a pilot plant operated at the site of two full scale biogas plants, ultrafiltration flux could be improved by 50–80% by ozonation. Nutrient concentrations in the fertilizer products were not affected by ozone treatment.

scholarly journals The Success of Tree Breeding in the Southern US

BioResources ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve McKeand
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
State University ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Us

Nowhere in the world have tree improvement and silviculture had a bigger impact on forest productivity and value to landowners than in the southern US. The economic impact from almost 60 years of tree improvement in the southern United States has been staggering. For example, over 300,000 hectares are planted each year with seedlings from the breeding efforts with loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) by members and staff of the North Carolina State University Cooperative Tree Improvement Program. The present value of continued genetic gains from traditional tree improvement efforts is estimated to be $2.5 billion USD to landowners and citizens in the southern US.

scholarly journals Average molecular weight of surfactants in aerosols

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 13805-13838 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Latif ◽  
P. Brimblecombe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fine Mode ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract. Surfactants in atmospheric aerosols determined as methylene blue active substances (MBAS) and ethyl violet active substances (EVAS). The MBAS and EVAS concentrations can be correlated with surface tension as determined by pendant drop analysis. The effect of surface tension was more clearly indicated in fine mode aerosol extracts. The concentration of MBAS and EVAS was determined before and after ultrafiltration analysis using AMICON centrifuge tubes that define a 5000 Da (5 K Da) nominal molecular weight fraction. Overall, MBAS and to a greater extent EVAS predominates in fraction with molecular weight below 5 K Da. In case of aerosols collected in Malaysia the higher molecular fractions tended to be a more predominant. The MBAS and EVAS are correlated with yellow to brown colours in aerosol extracts. Further experiments showed possible sources of surfactants (e.g. petrol soot, diesel soot) in atmospheric aerosols to yield material having molecular size below 5 K Da except for humic acid. The concentration of surfactants from these sources increased after ozone exposure and for humic acids it also general included smaller molecular weight surfactants.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Quality and Microbial Activity of Dairy Milk with Ozonation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Dodik Suprapto ◽  
Lilik Eka Radiati ◽  
Chanif Mahdi ◽  
Herly Evanuarini
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Dairy Milk

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ozone exposure to the physicochemical and microbial activity in dairy milk. The research material was fresh milk from dairy cows and ozone was produced by commercial ozone generator brand HANACO, production capacity up to 0.702 mg/min at 24-27ºC with oxygen source coming from ambient air in the nature. The experiment used ozone treatments for 0, 10, 20, and 30 min with variable of analysis such as density, protein, fat, electrical resistance, total plate count, and malondialdehyde which was analyzed using One Way Annova. The results showed that ozone treatment had no significant effect on the density, protein and fat in dairy milk, but had significant (P<0.05) effect on the electrical resistance, total plate count, and production of malondialdehyde. Electrical resistance and malondialdehyde were increased, while total plate count was decreased over time with the ozone exposure. Ozonation is possible to reducing yield loss on milk production that is caused by microbial activity without changing the physicochemical properties of dairy milk.

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DE GÁS OZÔNIO NA DESINFECÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Thais Nogueira Gonzaga ◽  
Dora Inés Kozusny-Andreani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade técnica da aplicação de ozônio como bactericida e fungicida em amostras de resíduos de serviços de saúde potencialmente infectantes. Foram determinados os     micro-organismos presentes nos resíduos gerados em um hospital particular. Para realização das análises microbiológicas e o tratamento com ozônio o material foi particulado e homogeneizado. As análises microbiológicas foram realizadas antes e após a ozonização.Para os testes de desinfecção foram retirados 10,0g de amostra que foi submetida à ozonização por 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25 minutos com doses de 140,0; 280,0; 420,0; 560,0 e 700,0mg L-1 de ozônio, respectivamente. Verificou-se presença de mesófilos totais, coliformes totais e termotolerantes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp, Candida albicans e Rhizopus spp. O ozônio foi eficiente para eliminação de todos os micro-organismos em 20 minutos; nos primeiros cinco minutos de exposição ao gás verificou-se redução superior a 98%.Palavras-chave: Bactérias patogênicas. Fungos. Ozonização. USING OZONE GAS FOR DISINFECTION OF SOLID WASTE FROM HEALTH CARE SERVICES ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to evaluate the technical viability of the application of ozone as bactericide and fungicide in samples of potentially infectious health services residues. The microorganisms present in the waste generated in a private hospital were determined. The material was particulated and homogenized to perform the microbiological analysis and to undergo ozone treatment. Microbiological analysis was performed before and after ozonization. For the disinfection tests, 10.0g of sample were removed and submitted to ozonization for 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes with 140,0; 280,0; 420,0; 560,0 and 700,0mg doses of L-1 of ozone, respectively. It was verified the presence of total mesophiles, total and thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp, Candida albicans and Rhizopus spp. Ozone was efficient while eliminating all microorganisms in 20 minutes; in the first five minutes of gas exposure, the reduction was greater than 98%.Keywords: Pathogenic bacteria. Fungi. Ozonization.

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