Effects of elevated temperature and [CO2] on photosynthesis, leaf respiration, and biomass accumulation of Pinus taeda seedlings at a cool and a warm site within the species’ current range

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Wertin ◽  
Mary Anne McGuire ◽  
Marc van Iersel ◽  
John M. Ruter ◽  
Robert O. Teskey
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Leaf Respiration ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Current Range

We examined the influence of elevated temperature (ambient +2 °C) and atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) (700 µmol·mol–1), applied singly and in combination, on biomass accumulation and the temperature response of net photosynthesis (Anet) and leaf respiration (Rd) of loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) seedlings grown simultaneously at a northern and a southern site within the species’ range. We used this experimental approach to determine if the response to future climate conditions would differ between a warm and cool location within a species’ range. Seedling biomass accumulation and the temperature responses of Anet and Rd were measured throughout the growing season. Biomass accumulation was substantially greater at the warmer site compared with the cooler site regardless of treatment. At each site, biomass accumulation was greater in the elevated temperature treatment compared with the ambient treatment. There was substantial acclimation of Rd, but not Anet, to site and to temperature treatment at each site. Elevated [CO2] increased biomass accumulation and Anet at both sites and in both temperature treatments. Our study provides an indication that future projected increases in [CO2] and air temperature of 700 µmol·mol–1 and +2 °C, respectively, are likely to increase loblolly pine growth in most, if not all, of its current range.

Effects of competition control and annual nitrogen fertilization on gas exchange of different-aged Pinus taeda

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory T Munger ◽  
Rodney E Will ◽  
Bruce E Borders
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Competition Control ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

To determine the importance of competition control and annual fertilization on leaf gas exchange, light-saturated net photosynthesis (Asat), stomatal conductance (gs), and internal CO2 concentration (Ci) were measured multiple times in different-aged loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands growing at a Piedmont (BF Grant) and Coastal Plain (Waycross) location in Georgia, U.S.A. At both locations, competition control decreased Asat and gs (Asat from 4.53 to 4.12 µmol·m–2·s–1, gs from 0.058 to 0.050 mol·m–2·s–1 at BF Grant; Asat from 4.22 to 4.01 µmol·m–2·s–1, gs from 0.054 to 0.049 mol·m–2·s–1 at Waycross). Overall, fertilization did not have a positive impact on Asat, even though fertilization significantly increased foliar nitrogen concentration. At BF Grant, fertilization significantly decreased gs from 0.057 to 0.051 mol·m–2·s–1 and Ci from 217 to 205 µmol·mol–1. In addition, the decrease in Ci associated with fertilization became larger with stand age. At Waycross, fertilization decreased Ci from 211 to 203 µmol·mol–1 and the interaction between fertilization and stand age was significant for gs and Ci. These results indicate that silivcultural practices that increase resource availability and stand growth did not enhance leaf gas exchange.

scholarly journals Mist Level Influences Vapor Pressure Deficit and Gas Exchange During Rooting of Juvenile Stem Cuttings of Loblolly Pine

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1448-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony V. LeBude ◽  
Barry Goldfarb ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
John Frampton ◽  
Farrell C. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Ambient Conditions

Two experiments were conducted during which juvenile hardwood or softwood stem cuttings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were rooted under six mist regimes in a polyethylene-covered greenhouse to investigate the effect of mist level on vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and cutting water potential (Ψcut), and to determine the relationships between these variables and rooting percentage. In addition, net photosynthesis at ambient conditions (Aambient) and stomatal conductance (gs) were measured in stem cuttings during adventitious root formation to determine their relationship to rooting percentage. Hardwood stem cuttings rooted ≥80% when mean daily VPD between 1000 and 1800 hr ranged from 0.60 to 0.85 kPa. Although rooting percentage was related to Ψcut, and Aambient was related to Ψcut, rooting percentage of softwood stem cuttings was not related to Aambient of stem cuttings. Using VPD as a control mechanism for mist application during adventitious rooting of stem cuttings of loblolly pine might increase rooting percentages across a variety of rooting environments.

scholarly journals Above- and below-ground biomass accumulation, production, and distribution of sweetgum and loblolly pine grown with irrigation and fertilization

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Coyle ◽  
Mark D. Coleman ◽  
Doug P. Aubrey
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Aboveground Production ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Nutrient Amendments

Increased forest productivity has been obtained by improving resource availability through water and nutrient amendments. However, more stress-tolerant species that have robust site requirements do not respond consistently to irrigation. An important factor contributing to robust site requirements may be the distribution of biomass belowground, yet available information is limited. We examined the accumulation and distribution of above- and below-ground biomass in sweetgum ( Liquidambar styraciflua L.) and loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) stands receiving irrigation and fertilization. Mean annual aboveground production after 4 years ranged from 2.4 to 5.1 Mg·ha–1·year–1 for sweetgum and from 5.0 to 6.9 Mg·ha–1·year–1 for pine. Sweetgum responded positively to irrigation and fertilization with an additive response to irrigation + fertilization. Pine only responded to fertilization. Sweetgum root mass fraction (RMF) increased with fertilization at 2 years and decreased with fertilization at 4 years. There were no detectable treatment differences in loblolly pine RMF. Development explained from 67% to 98% of variation in shoot versus root allometry for ephemeral and perennial tissues, fertilization explained no more than 5% of the variation in for either species, and irrigation did not explain any. We conclude that shifts in allocation from roots to shoots do not explain nutrient-induced growth stimulations.

Global warming induces female cuttings of Populus cathayana to allocate more biomass, C and N to aboveground organs than do male cuttings

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Guoquan Peng ◽  
Chengchun Wu ◽  
Qingmin Han
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
C And N ◽  
Males And Females

We investigated differences between the sexes of a dioecious species, Populus cathayana Rehd, in biomass accumulation, biomass allocation, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations under elevated temperature treatments. Cuttings were subjected to three temperature regimes (control, +2°C and +4°C, respectively) in closed-top chambers. Compared with the control treatment, warming significantly increased the net photosynthesis rate, height growth, leaf dry mass, stem dry mass (SM), root dry mass (RM) and total dry mass (TM), and resulted in a higher aboveground : belowground dry mass ratio (AB) in all individuals of both sexes, except in males under the +2°C warming treatment. Furthermore, warming decreased the concentration of C in the stems in both sexes, and increased the concentration of N in the leaves of females, and consequently, resulted in a lower C : N ratio in the leaves of female cuttings than in those of male cuttings. Also, further differences between males and females were detected. In the warming treatments, females exhibited significantly higher values of SM, RM, TM and AB, and lower RM : TM and RM : foliage area ratios than did the males. However, no significant differences in these traits between the two sexes were detected under ambient temperature. Our results indicated that allocation of biomass, and the concentrations of C and N in males and females are greatly affected by an elevated temperature, and that warming benefits females, which accumulate and allocate more biomass to aboveground organs than do the males.

scholarly journals A Consensus Map for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.). I. Construction and Integration of Individual Linkage Maps From Two Outbred Three-Generation Pedigrees

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell M Sewell ◽  
Bradley K Sherman ◽  
David B Neale
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mapping Function ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Data ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Consensus Map ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract A consensus map for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was constructed from the integration of linkage data from two unrelated three-generation outbred pedigrees. The progeny segregation data from restriction fragment length polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA, and isozyme genetic markers from each pedigree were recoded to reflect the two independent populations of parental meioses, and genetic maps were constructed to represent each parent. The rate of meiotic recombination was significantly greater for males than females, as was the average estimate of genome length for males {1983.7 cM [Kosambi mapping function (K)]} and females [1339.5 cM(K)]. The integration of individual maps allows for the synthesis of genetic information from independent sources onto a single consensus map and facilitates the consolidation of linkage groups to represent the chromosomes (n = 12) of loblolly pine. The resulting consensus map consists of 357 unique molecular markers and covers ∼1300 cM(K).

Long-term effects of stand density management and genotype on wood properties of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in the mid-South USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 491 ◽  
pp. 119176
Author(s):  
Michael A. Blazier ◽  
Thomas Hennessey ◽  
Laurence Schimleck ◽  
Scott Abbey ◽  
Ryan Holbrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stand Density Management ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

scholarly journals Bedding and Fertilization Ameliorate Effects of Designated Wet-Weather Skid Trails after Four Years for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) Plantations

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Michael Aust ◽  
James A. Burger ◽  
William H. McKee ◽  
Gregory A. Scheerer ◽  
Mark D. Tippett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Site Productivity ◽  
Mechanical Site Preparation ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract Wet-weather harvesting operations on wet pine fiats can cause soil disturbances that may reduce long-term site productivity. Site preparation and fertilization are often recommended as ameliorative practices for such disturbances, but few studies have actually quantified their effects on restoration. The purposes of this study were to quantify the effects of wet-weather harvest traffic in designated skid trails on soil properties and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) growth, and to evaluate the ameliorative effects of site preparation. Study sites were established on wet pine flats of the lower Coastal Plain within the Francis Marion National Forest (Berkeley County, SC). Treatments were arranged in a split-split plot within a randomized complete block design. Treatments were two levels of traffic (nontrafficked, trafficked), four levels of mechanical site preparation (none, disking, bedding, disking + bedding), and two levels of fertilization (none, 337 kg /ha of 10-10-10 fertilizer). initially, the trafficking increased soil bulk densities and reduced soil water movement and subsequent growth of loblolly pine (years 1 and 2). Bedding combined with fertilization restored site productivity to non trafficked levels within 4 yr, but disking or fertilization treatments alone were not effective at ameliorating the traffic effects. The effectiveness of the bedding and fertilization treatments for amelioration of traffic effects was probably facilitated by the relatively small area of disturbed skid trails (<10%) found on these sites. Areas having more severe disturbance or higher percentages of disturbance might not be ameliorated as rapidly. South. J. Appl. For. 22(4):222-226.

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