Regional and ecological patterns in interior Douglas-fir climate–growth relationships in British Columbia, Canada

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardy P. Griesbauer ◽  
D. Scott Green
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Dry Climates

How climate change will affect tree growth across species’ geographic and climatic ranges remains a critical knowledge gap. Tree-ring data were analyzed from 33 interior Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) stands spanning wide geographic and climatic conditions in the interior of British Columbia to gain insights into how within-species growth responses to climate can vary based on local environmental conditions over a broad climatic and geographic range, including populations growing at the species’ range and climatic margins. Populations growing in relatively warm and dry climates had growth patterns correlated mostly with annual precipitation, whereas populations growing in high-elevation wet and cold climates had growth patterns correlated with snowfall, winter and annual temperatures, and ocean–atmosphere climate systems. Populations growing at climatic extremes (e.g., coldest, driest, warmest) in each study region had the strongest responses to climate. Projected climate change may negatively influence Douglas-fir productivity across most of its range, and populations growing near the species’ climatic limits may provide early and strong indications of future responses.

Holocene vegetation, climate, and lake-level changes in the Interior Douglas-fir Biogeoclimatic Zone, British Columbia

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1811-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf W. Mathewes ◽  
Miriam King
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Stratigraphic Correlation ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Pollen Influx

Chilhil, Phair, Fishblue, and Horseshoe lakes in the southern interior of British Columbia were cored and analyzed for pollen. Phair Lake was also examined for plant macrofossils and aquatic molluscs. Two dated volcanic tephras (Mazama and Bridge River) are present in three of the four lakes and, together with radiocarbon dates, provide an absolute chronology for pollen-influx calculations and stratigraphic correlation. Abrupt changes in sediment type at Phair Lake about 5650 and 2000 years ago correlate with Neoglacial advances near the coast–interior transition. Pollen changes suggestive of moister conditions and the presence of an aquatic mollusc (Valvata sincera helicoidea) at Phair and Chilhil lakes are consistent with the Neoglacial evidence of cooler and wetter conditions after about 2400 years ago. The driest part of the Holocene was the early, pre-Mazama (ca. 6600–6800 years ago) interval, when the vegetation was more open and herb rich and the lake levels were lower than at present. Wetter climatic conditions appear in post-Mazama time, indicated by regional increases in the pollen of Tsuga heterophylla and other coastal and subalpine trees. Pollen-influx values for the Interior Douglas-fir Zone are broadly consistent at all sites, with values of < 2000 –8000 grains cm−2 year−1. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) has been an important forest species in the study region throughout the Holocene.

Dendroclimatic response of Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana along a latitudinal gradient in the eastern Canadian boreal forest

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Hofgaard ◽  
Jacques Tardif ◽  
Yves Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Climatic Period ◽  
Tree Ring Data

To decipher spatial and temporal tree-growth responses to climate change we used tree-ring data from Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP and Pinus banksiana Lamb. along a latitudinal transect in western Quebec. The transect encompassed the distinct transition between mixed and coniferous forests at approximately 49°N. Correlation analyses and principal component analyses were used to identify common spatiotemporal growth patterns, and site- and species-specific patterns since 1825. A moist summer in the year t - 1 and an early start of the current growing season favored growth of both species. A prolongation of the growing season into fall was the most distinguishing factor between the species. A long and gradual climatic gradient shifted to a short gradient with a clear segregation between the southern and northern parts of the transect. This shift, around 1875, was abrupt and characterized by a turbulent climatic period. The observed pattern was likely related to a large-scale shift in the mean position of the Arctic Front that occurred at the end of the 1800s. No discrete climatic setting explained the present switch from mixedwoods to conifers at 49°N. Awareness of such nonequilibrial relations between climate and species distribution is essential when assessing vegetation responses to future climate change.

scholarly journals Climate Change Impacts Assessment on Wine-Growing Bioclimatic Transition Areas

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Alba Piña-Rey ◽  
Estefanía González-Fernández ◽  
María Fernández-González ◽  
Mª. Nieves Lorenzo ◽  
Fco. Javier Rodríguez-Rajo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Bioclimatic Indices ◽  
Northwestern Spain ◽  
The Mediterranean

Viticultural climatic indices were assessed for the evaluation of the meteorological variations in the requirements of wine cultivars. The applied bioclimatic indices have been widely used to provide an initial evaluation of climate change impacts on grapevine and to delineate wine regions and suitable areas for planting around the world. The study was carried out over a period of 16 years (from 2000 to 2015) in five Designation of Origin areas in Northwestern Spain located in the Eurosiberian region, the transition zone between the Eurosiberian and the Mediterranean areas, and in the Mediterranean area. In addition, the high-resolution meteorological dataset “Spain02” was applied to the bioclimatic indices for the period 1950–2095. To further assess the performance of “Spain02”, Taylor diagrams were elaborated for the different bioclimatic indices. A significant trend to an increase of the Winkler, Huglin, Night Cold Index and GSS Indices was detected in the North-western Spain, whereas slight negative trends for BBLI and GSP Indices were observed. To analyze future projections 2061–2095, data from the high-resolution dynamically downscaled daily climate simulations from EURO-CORDEX project were used. To further assess the performance of Spain02, Taylor diagrams were elaborated for the different bioclimatic indices. A trend to an increase of the Winkler, Huglin, Night Cold Index and GSP Indices was detected in Northwestern Spain, whereas slight negative trends for BBLI and GSP Indices were observed. Our results showed that climatic conditions in the study region could variate for the crop in the future, more for Mediterranean than Eurosiberian bioclimatic area. Due to an advance in the phenological events or the vintage data, more alcohol-fortified wines and variations in the acidity level of wines could be expected in Northwestern Spain, these processes being most noticeable in the Mediterranean area. The projections for the BBLI and GSP Indices will induce a decrease in the pressure of the mildew attacks incidence in the areas located at the Eurosiberian region and the nearest transition zones. Projections showed if the trend of temperature increase continues, some cultural practice variations should be conducted in order to preserve the grape cultivation suitability in the studied area.

scholarly journals Tree diversity and the temporal stability of mountain forest productivity: testing the effect of species composition, through asynchrony and overyielding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Jourdan ◽  
Christian Piedallu ◽  
Jonas Baudry ◽  
Xavier Morin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Stress Gradient ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Forest Productivity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Diversity Effect ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTClimate change modifies ecosystem processes directly through its effect on environmental conditions, but also indirectly by changing community composition. Theoretical studies and grassland experiments suggest that diversity may increase and stabilize communities’ productivity over time. Few recent studies on forest ecosystems suggested the same pattern but with a larger variability between the results. In this paper, we aimed to test stabilizing diversity effect for two kinds of mixtures (Fagus sylvatica - Quercus pubescens and Fagus sylvatica - Abies alba), and to assess how climate may affect the patterns. We used tree ring data from forest plots distributed along a latitudinal gradient across French Alps. We found that diversity effect on stability in productivity varies with stand composition. Most beech–fir stands showed a greater stability in productivity over time than monocultures, while beech–oak stands showed a less stable productivity. Considering non-additive effects, no significant trends were found, regardless the type of mixed stands considered. We further highlighted that these patterns could be partially explained by asynchrony between species responses to annual climatic conditions (notably to variation in temperature or precipitation), overyielding, and climatic conditions. We also showed that the intensity of the diversity effect on stability varies along the ecological gradient, consistently with the stress gradient hypothesis for beech-oak forests, but not for beech-fir forests. This study showed the importance of the species identity on the relationships between diversity, climate and stability of forest productivity. Better depicting diversity and composition effects on forest ecosystem functioning appears to be crucial for forest managers to promote forest adaptation and maintain timber resource in the context of on-going climate change.

scholarly journals Aspects Concerning the Impact of Climate Aridization on Forest Ecosystems (Case Study)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Nedealcov Maria ◽  
Donica Ala ◽  
Brașoveanu Valeriu ◽  
Grigoraș Nicolae ◽  
Deomidova Cristina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Climate Aridization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Assessment activity and surveillance of the forests health, held at the global, regional and local level, has continuously developed, culminating in the current period with interdisciplinary and extensive scientific researches, that evaluate the effects of the main factors on forest ecosystems state, in particular, air pollution and climate change. Scientific researches have shown that among trees ecophysiological processes, forest life processes and meteorological parameters there are direct dependences, particularly in the case of trees supply with water during the growing period (May-July), with major influences for critical months (July and August), which have a decisive impact on growth, vitality and production of organic matter in forests. Dry years, from the beginning of the third millennium can lead to a decrease of mesophilic forests area (beech, sessile oak and penduculate oak), which will tend to retreat towards the center of the area (central Europe) in favor of thermophilic forests with pubescent oak. It was determined that a most significant negative impact of climate aridization will feel the forest ecosystems from Southern and central regions of country (conditioned by the mean air temperature (July-August), monthly rainfall (May-August), evapotranspiration and geographic latitude), and less - the Northern part of the country (Forestry Aridity Index calculated for 3 experimental stations revealed variations of this index between 7.8 - 8.3 - in the Central part of country, and 8.4 - 8.6 - for Southern part of country). At the same time the impact of climate change will determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of pests and pathogenic species. The phenomenon of climate aridization was expressed also through the impact of the Microsphaera alphitoides disease, intensity of “mildew” attack being based on the climatic conditions of the study region. Obtained data, for confirmation, were correlated with indications of bioindicators, present in the study region.

Stand growth responses after fertilization for thinned lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, and spruce in forests of interior British Columbia, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1471-1482
Author(s):  
Woongsoon Jang ◽  
Bianca N.I. Eskelson ◽  
Louise de Montigny ◽  
Catherine A. Bealle Statland ◽  
Derek F. Sattler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Responses

This study was conducted to quantify growth responses of three major commercial conifer species (lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson), interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco), and spruce (white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and hybrid spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm. × Picea glauca (Moench) Voss × Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière))) to various fertilizer blends in interior British Columbia, Canada. Over 25 years, growth-response data were repeatedly collected across 46 installations. The fertilizer blends were classified into three groups: nitrogen only; nitrogen and sulfur combined; and nitrogen, sulfur, and boron combined. The growth responses for stand volume, basal area, and top height were calculated through absolute and relative growth rate ratios relative to a controlled group. Fertilizer blend, inverse years since fertilization, site index, stand density at fertilization, and their interactions with the fertilizer blend were used as explanatory variables. The magnitude and significance of volume and basal area growth responses to fertilization differed by species, fertilizer-blend groups, and stand-condition variables (i.e., site index and stand density). In contrast, the response in top height growth did not differ among fertilization blends, with the exception of the nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer subgroup for lodgepole pine. The models developed in this study will be incorporated into the current growth and yield fertilization module (i.e., Table Interpolation Program for Stand Yields (TIPSY)), thereby supporting guidance of fertilization applications in interior forests in British Columbia.

Recent growth of conifer species of western North America: assessing spatial patterns of radial growth trends

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald McKenzie ◽  
Amy E Hessl ◽  
David L Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Conifer Species ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Low Frequency Variability ◽  
Tree Ring Data

We explored spatial patterns of low-frequency variability in radial tree growth among western North American conifer species and identified predictors of the variability in these patterns. Using 185 sites from the International Tree-Ring Data Bank, each of which contained 10–60 raw ring-width series, we rebuilt two chronologies for each site, using two conservative methods designed to retain any low-frequency variability associated with recent environmental change. We used factor analysis to identify regional low-frequency patterns in site chronologies and estimated the slope of the growth trend since 1850 at each site from a combination of linear regression and time-series techniques. This slope was the response variable in a regression-tree model to predict the effects of environmental gradients and species-level differences on growth trends. Growth patterns at 27 sites from the American Southwest were consistent with quasi-periodic patterns of drought. Either 12 or 32 of the 185 sites demonstrated patterns of increasing growth between 1850 and 1980 A.D., depending on the standardization technique used. Pronounced growth increases were associated with high-elevation sites (above 3000 m) and high-latitude sites in maritime climates. Future research focused on these high-elevation and high-latitude sites should address the precise mechanisms responsible for increased 20th century growth.

scholarly journals Extreme Growth Increments Reveal Local and Regional Climatic Signals in Two Pinus pinaster Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Vieira ◽  
Cristina Nabais ◽  
Filipe Campelo
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Serra Da Estrela

Tree rings are valuable proxies of past climate that allow inferring past growth responses to climate variability and extreme events, which is only possible considering that the relationship between tree growth and environmental conditions is linear and stable over time. However, in the last decades, divergent growth patterns have been observed in trees from the same forest stand, while unprecedented growth convergence was observed between trees from distant locations. Here, we use a new approach that considers convergent and divergent event years in two populations of Pinus pinaster Aiton in an altitudinal and oceanic-continental gradient to investigate what is triggering divergence and convergence in tree growth. The two study sites are Tocha (TCH), a plantation on sand dunes at low altitude near the ocean, and Serra da Estrela (SdE), a mountain plantation located at 1,100 m altitude, 100 km away from the ocean. The analysis of the climatic conditions in convergent growth years revealed that positive convergent growth was related to above average precipitation in previous winter and that negative convergent growth was related to below average precipitation during the growing season. Divergent growth revealed a temperature signal with warmer temperatures in spring promoting growth in SdE and growth reduction in TCH. Convergent growth was associated with a regional climatic signal, reinforcing the importance of precipitation in the Mediterranean region, and divergent growth to site conditions, revealing local adaptation. The information gathered in this study gives valuable insights on the response of P. pinaster to extreme climatic events, allowing for more adjusted management strategies of Mediterranean pine forests.

scholarly journals Analysis of Climate change from high elevation sites of North West Himalaya based on tree ring data

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Santosh K Shah ◽  
Amalava Bhattacharyya ◽  
Vandana Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
North West ◽  
West Himalaya ◽  
Tree Ring Data

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1320 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.138

scholarly journals Divergent Growth Responses to Warming between Stand-Grown and Open-Grown Trees in a Dryland Montane Forest in Northwestern China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Hao Shi ◽  
Pengtao Yu ◽  
Yanhui Wang ◽  
Shufen Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
High Elevations

Dryland montane forests conserve water for people living in the fluvial plains. The fate of these forests under climate warming is strongly affected by local environmental factors. The question remains of how internal factors contribute to climate change impacts on forest growth in these regions. Here, we investigated tree ring records for similar-aged stand-grown trees and their neighboring open-grown trees at elevation in a dryland montane forest (Picea crassifolia Kom.) in northwestern China. The growth rate of open-grown trees is much higher than their neighboring stand-grown trees across the entire elevation gradient, and the lower the altitude, the greater the difference. Open-grown trees at different elevations showed similar growth patterns, as tree growth at all sites was accelerated over time. In contrast, growth patterns of stand-grown trees were divergent at different altitudes, as growth at high elevations (3100–3300 m a.s.l.) was accelerated, whereas growth at low elevations (2700–2900 m a.s.l.) became stable after the year 1990. Analysis of growth–climate relationships indicated that warming promoted open-grown tree growth across the entire altitude gradient, and also stand-grown tree growth at high elevations, but negatively affected the growth of stand-grown trees at low elevations. Water scarcity can be exacerbated by competition within forests, inhibiting the warming-induced benefits on tree growth. Moving window correlation analysis suggested the negative effect of warming on tree growth at low elevations was diminished after the late 1990s, as the drought stress was alleviated. Our research shows the divergent growth responses to warming of stand-grown and open-grown trees along elevation. It reveals effects of internal factors in determining tree growth response to warming and holds the potential to aid forest management and ecosystem models in responding to climate change.

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