Variation in soil microbial communities across a boreal spruce forest landscape

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1504-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbet Holm Bach ◽  
Åsa Frostegård ◽  
Mikael Ohlson
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

We investigated soil microbial community structure by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis in a mature boreal spruce forest landscape in southern Norway, with low diversity of vascular plants. We investigated the spatial variation in PLFAs and the importance of environmental variables in 10 plots (each 13 samples) in a study area of 1 km × 1 km. The scales investigated were 15 cm to 10 m within study plots and 100 m to 1 km between study plots. Soil microbial biomass varied 10-fold and we found a large variation in microbial community structure, even at distances of 15 cm. Samples aggregated into plots when PLFAs were subjected to a principal components analysis. Plot identity explained 36.3% of the variation in the PLFAs and geostatistical analysis showed that the microbial community structure displayed spatial dependence at within-plot distances. Environmental variables differed significantly between all plots but explained only minor parts of the variation in the overall PLFA pattern. The vegetation variables were, however, the best at explaining the PLFA pattern, and up to 60% of within-plot variation in individual plots, respectively, could be explained by vegetation variables, pH, and soil depth.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Community Structure and Target Organisms under Different Fumigation Treatments

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadikshya R. Dangi ◽  
James S. Gerik ◽  
Rebecca Tirado-Corbalá ◽  
Husein Ajwa
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Field Samples

Producers of several high-value crops in California rely heavily on soil fumigants to control key diseases, nematodes, and weeds. Fumigants with broad biocidal activity can affect both target and nontarget soil microorganisms. The ability of nontarget soil microorganisms to recover after fumigation treatment is critical because they play an important role in sustaining the health of agricultural and natural soil systems. Fumigation trial was conducted in Parlier, CA, and the study focuses on the effects of different rates of Telone C35 and also methyl bromide fumigation with polyethylene (PE) and totally impermeable film (TIF) tarps on target and nontarget soil microorganisms using field samples. Results indicated that the populations of target organisms, such asFusarium oxysporumandPythiumspp., were reduced at all rates of fumigants. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis indicated that all major nontarget soil microbial groups such as Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were affected by methyl bromide (MeBr) fumigation treatment. In general, the effects of Telone C35 (299 L/ha) under PE tarp had the least impact on microbial community structure and better effect on controlling target microorganisms and, therefore, indicated the better option among fumigation treatments.

Soil Microbial Community Structure in Tree Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) Garden Based on PLFA Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Dong Xue ◽  
Xiang Dong Huang ◽  
Lian Xue
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Tree Peony ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Chronological Change

Understanding the chronological change in soil microbial community structure of tree peony garden ecosystem is important from ecological, environmental, and management perspectives. Soil samples were collected from three tree peony garden systems (5-, 12-, and 25-year-old tree peony gardens), and adjacent wasteland at Luoyang, Henan Province of China. Soil microbial community structure was analyzed by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) method. The bacterial and actinomycete PLFAs increased from the wasteland to 5-year-old tree peony garden and then decreased from the 5- to 25-year-old tree peony garden, and the fungal PLFA first increased and then decreased with the increasing planting years, with the greatest amount found in the 12-year-old tree peony garden. The conversion from the wasteland to tree peony garden resulted in a significant increase in Shannon index, Richness, and Evenness. However, with the succeeding development of tree peony garden ecosystems, Shannon index, Richness, and Evenness decreased from the 5- to 25-year-old tree peony garden.

scholarly journals Soil microbial communities following bush removal in a Namibian savanna

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1393-1418
Author(s):  
J. S. Buyer ◽  
A. Schmidt-Küntzel ◽  
M. Nghikembua ◽  
J. E. Maul ◽  
L. Marker
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract. Savanna ecosystems are subject to desertification and bush encroachment, which reduce the carrying capacity for wildlife and livestock. Bush thinning is a management approach that can, at least temporarily, restore grasslands and raise the grazing value of the land. In this study we examined the soil microbial communities under bush and grass in Namibia. We analyzed the soil through a chronosequence where bush was thinned at 9, 5, or 3 years before sampling. Soil microbial biomass, the biomass of specific taxonomic groups, and overall microbial community structure was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, while the community structure of Bacteria, Archaea, and fungi was determined by multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Soil under bush had higher pH, C, N, and microbial biomass than under grass, and the microbial community structure was also altered under bush compared to grass. A major disturbance to the ecosystem, bush thinning, resulted in an altered microbial community structure compared to control plots, but the magnitude of this perturbation gradually declined with time. Community structure was primarily driven by pH, C, and N, while vegetation type, bush thinning, and time since bush thinning were of secondary importance.

scholarly journals Soil microbial communities following bush removal in a Namibian savanna

SOIL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Buyer ◽  
Anne Schmidt-Küntzel ◽  
Matti Nghikembua ◽  
Jude E. Maul ◽  
Laurie Marker
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract. Savanna ecosystems are subject to desertification and bush encroachment, which reduce the carrying capacity for wildlife and livestock. Bush thinning is a management approach that can, at least temporarily, restore grasslands and raise the grazing value of the land. In this study we examined the soil microbial communities under bush and grass in Namibia. We analyzed the soil through a chronosequence where bush was thinned at 9, 5, or 3 years before sampling. Soil microbial biomass, the biomass of specific taxonomic groups, and overall microbial community structure was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis, while the community structure of Bacteria, Archaea, and fungi was determined by multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Soil under bush had higher pH, C, N, and microbial biomass than under grass, and the microbial community structure was also altered under bush compared to grass. A major disturbance to the ecosystem, bush thinning, resulted in an altered microbial community structure compared to control plots, but the magnitude of this perturbation gradually declined with time. Community structure was primarily driven by pH, C, and N, while vegetation type, bush thinning, and time since bush thinning were of secondary importance.

scholarly journals Garlic Substrate Induces Cucumber Growth Development and Decreases Fusarium Wilt through Regulation of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity in Replanted Disturbed Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6008
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ali ◽  
Muhammad Imran Ghani ◽  
Ding Haiyan ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Zhihui Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Disturbed Soil ◽  
Substrate Addition

Garlic substrate could influence plant growth through affecting soil microbiome structure. The relationship mechanism between changes in soil microbial communities, disease suppression and plant development, however, remains unclear, particularly in the degraded soil micro-ecological environment. In this study, garlic substrates as a soil amendment were incorporated with different ratios (1:100, 3:100 and 5:100 g/100 g of soil) in a replanted disturbed soil of long-term cucumber monoculture (annual double cropping system in a greenhouse). The results indicated that higher amount of C-amended garlic substrate significantly induced soil suppressiveness (35.9% greater than control (CK) against the foliar disease incidence rate. This inhibitory effect consequently improved the cucumber growth performance and fruit yield to 20% higher than the non-amended soil. Short-term garlic substrate addition modified the soil quality through an increase in soil organic matter (SOM), nutrient availability and enzymatic activities. Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis revealed that soil bacterial and fungal communities in the garlic amendment were significantly different from the control. Species richness and diversity indices significantly increased under treated soil. The correlation-based heat map analysis suggested that soil OM, nutrient contents and biological activators were the primary drivers reshaping the microbial community structure. Furthermore, garlic substrate inhibited soil-borne pathogen taxa (Fusarium and Nematoda), and their reduced abundances, significantly affecting the crop yield. In addition, the host plant recruited certain plant-beneficial microbes due to substrate addition that could directly contribute to plant–pathogen inhibition and crop biomass production. For example, abundant Acidobacteria, Ascomycota and Glomeromycota taxa were significantly associated with cucumber yield promotion. Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Basidiomycota and Glomeromycota were the associated microbial taxa that possibly performed as antagonists of Fusarium wilt, with plant pathogen suppression potential in monocropped cucumber-planted soil.

Impacts of long-term fertilization on the soil microbial communities in double-cropped paddy fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (7) ◽  
pp. 857-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Tang ◽  
Y. L. Xu ◽  
X. P. Xiao ◽  
C. Li ◽  
W. Y. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

AbstractThe response of soil microbial communities to soil quality changes is a sensitive indicator of soil ecosystem health. The current work investigated soil microbial communities under different fertilization treatments in a 31-year experiment using the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profile method. The experiment consisted of five fertilization treatments: without fertilizer input (CK), chemical fertilizer alone (MF), rice (Oryza sativaL.) straw residue and chemical fertilizer (RF), low manure rate and chemical fertilizer (LOM), and high manure rate and chemical fertilizer (HOM). Soil samples were collected from the plough layer and results indicated that the content of PLFAs were increased in all fertilization treatments compared with the control. The iC15:0 fatty acids increased significantly in MF treatment but decreased in RF, LOM and HOM, while aC15:0 fatty acids increased in these three treatments. Principal component (PC) analysis was conducted to determine factors defining soil microbial community structure using the 21 PLFAs detected in all treatments: the first and second PCs explained 89.8% of the total variance. All unsaturated and cyclopropyl PLFAs except C12:0 and C15:0 were highly weighted on the first PC. The first and second PC also explained 87.1% of the total variance among all fertilization treatments. There was no difference in the first and second PC between RF and HOM treatments. The results indicated that long-term combined application of straw residue or organic manure with chemical fertilizer practices improved soil microbial community structure more than the mineral fertilizer treatment in double-cropped paddy fields in Southern China.

scholarly journals Microbial regulation of soil carbon properties under nitrogen addition and plant inputs removal

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7343
Author(s):  
Ran Wu ◽  
Xiaoqin Cheng ◽  
Wensong Zhou ◽  
Hairong Han
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

Background Soil microbial communities and their associated enzyme activities play key roles in carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Soil microbial communities are sensitive to resource availability, but the mechanisms of microbial regulation have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we tested the mechanistic relationships between microbial responses and multiple interacting resources. Methods We examined soil carbon properties, soil microbial community structure and carbon-related functions under nitrogen addition and plant inputs removal (litter removal (NL), root trench and litter removal (NRL)) in a pure Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in northern China. Results We found that nitrogen addition affected the soil microbial community structure, and that microbial biomass increased significantly once 100 kg ha−1 a−1 of nitrogen was added. The interactions between nitrogen addition and plant inputs removal significantly affected soil bacteria and their enzymatic activities (oxidases). The NL treatment enhanced soil microbial biomass under nitrogen addition. We also found that the biomass of gram-negative bacteria and saprotrophic fungi directly affected the soil microbial functions related to carbon turnover. The biomass of gram-negative bacteria and peroxidase activity were key factors controlling soil carbon dynamics. The interactions between nitrogen addition and plant inputs removal strengthened the correlation between the hydrolases and soil carbon. Conclusions This study showed that nitrogen addition and plant inputs removal could alter soil enzyme activities and further affect soil carbon turnover via microbial regulation. The increase in soil microbial biomass and the microbial regulation of soil carbon both need to be considered when developing effective sustainable forest management practices for northern China. Moreover, further studies are also needed to exactly understand how the complex interaction between the plant and below-ground processes affects the soil microbial community structure.

Structure of soil microbial communities in sugi plantations and seminatural broad-leaved forests with different land-use historyThis article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Forum on Towards Sustainable Forestry — The Living Soil: Soil Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function.

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Matsushita ◽  
Satoshi Ito ◽  
Sadatoshi Meguro ◽  
Shinsaku Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Land Use History ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

Phospholipid fatty acid profiles were used to evaluate microbial community composition in different soil layers of sugi ( Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don) plantations and seminatural secondary forests in southeastern Kyushu, Japan. These forests had previously been utilized as meadows or coppices. Principal components analysis and canonical correspondence analysis of the phospholipid fatty acid data demonstrated differences in microbial community structure between current vegetation (sugi plantations or seminatural forests) in the FH layer. In contrast, differences between the previous land-use types (meadows or coppices) were detected through variation in the soil microbial community structure in the upper part of the A layer (0–5 cm). However, in the deeper part of the A layer (5–10 cm), the influence of the previous land-use history on soil microbial community structure was weak and the influence of the current vegetation could be detected. In the 0–5 cm part of the A layer, the organic matter was correlated with the microbial community structure. However, it cannot be assumed that these soil chemical characteristics were the principal factors responsible for separation of the microbial communities based on previous land-use history because the difference in chemical characteristics between the sites was small.

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