Wood density and stocks of coarse woody debris in a northwestern Amazonian landscape

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Jung Chao ◽  
Oliver L. Phillips ◽  
Timothy R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Disturbance History ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
White Sand

Coarse woody debris (CWD) is a rarely studied component of the carbon cycle. We report the first measurements of both CWD wood density and necromass in humid, lowland northwestern Amazonia, using both line-intersect and plot-based methods. Average CWD densities were not significantly different between clay-rich and white sand unflooded forests, but lower in floodplain forest (p ≤ 0.001). Necromass of CWD lying on the ground was also lower in the floodplain (10.3 ± 6.1 Mg·ha–1, mean ± 1 SE) than in the clay-rich (30.9 ± 5.4) and white sand (45.8 ± 7.3) forests (p ≤ 0.001, using the line-intersect method). These patterns are likely driven by disturbance history, species composition, and decomposition rates. Plot-based data showed that standing and fallen CWD together accounted for 6.4%–15.4% of total coarse aboveground vegetative mass (trees ≥10 cm diameter). Across humid, lowland neotropical forests, we show that wood densities of intact and partially decayed CWD are significantly related with live wood density at the same site (p = 0.026 and 0.003, respectively). We show that these relationships can be applied generally to estimate CWD wood density for humid, lowland neotropical forests wherever destructive sampling is not possible.

scholarly journals Wood density and carbon concentration of coarse woody debris in native forests, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa B. Moreira ◽  
Timothy G. Gregoire ◽  
Hilton Thadeu Z. do Couto
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Native Forests

scholarly journals Bryophyte Conservation in Managed Boreal Landscapes: Fourteen-Year Impacts of Partial Cuts on Epixylic Bryophytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Opoku-Nyame ◽  
Alain Leduc ◽  
Nicole J. Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Over Time

Clear cut harvest simplifies and eliminates old growth forest structure, negatively impacting biodiversity. Partial cut harvest has been hypothesized (1) to have less impact on biodiversity than clear cut harvest, and (2) to encourage old growth forest structures. Long-term studies are required to test this hypothesis as most studies are conducted soon after harvest. Using epixylic bryophytes as indicators, this study addresses this knowledge gap. Fourteen years after harvest, we examined changes in epixylic bryophyte community composition richness and traits, and their microhabitats (coarse woody debris characteristics and microclimate) along an unharvested, partial cuts and clear cuts harvest treatment in 30 permanent plots established in the boreal black spruce (Picea mariana) forests of northwestern Quebec, Canada. Our results were compared to those of an initial post-harvest study (year 5) and to a chronosequence of old growth forests to examine species changes over time and the similarity of bryophyte communities in partial cut and old growth forests. Coarse woody debris (CWD) volume by decay class varied among harvest treatments with partial cuts and clear cuts recording lower volumes of early decay CWD. The epixylic community was richer in partial cuts than in mature unharvested forests and clear cuts. In addition, species richness and overall abundance doubled in partial and clear cuts between years 5 and 14. Species composition also differed among treatments between years 5 and 14. Furthermore, conditions in partial cut stands supported small, drought sensitive, and old growth confined species that are threatened by conditions in clear cut stands. Lastly, over time, species composition in partial cuts became more similar to old growth forests. Partial cuts reduced harvest impacts by continuing to provide favorable microhabitat conditions that support epixylic bryophytes. Also, partial cut harvest has the potential to encourage old growth species assemblages, which has been a major concern for biodiversity conservation in managed forest landscapes. Our findings support the promotion of partial cut harvest as an effective strategy to achieve species and habitat conservation goals.

scholarly journals Effect of Deadwood on Ectomycorrhizal Colonisation of Old-Growth Oak Forests

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Olchowik ◽  
Dorota Hilszczańska ◽  
Roman Mariusz Bzdyk ◽  
Marcin Studnicki ◽  
Tadeusz Malewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Exploration Types

Although the importance of coarse woody debris (CWD) for species diversity is recognized, the effects of coarse woody debris decay class on species composition have received little attention. We examined how the species composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) changes with CWD decay. We describe ectomycorrhizal root tips and the diversity of mycorrhizal fungal species at three English oak (Quercus robur L.) sites. DNA barcoding revealed a total of 17 ECM fungal species. The highest degree of mycorrhizal colonization was found in CWDadvanced (27.2%) and CWDearly (27.1%). Based on exploration types, ectomycorrhizae were classified with respect to ecologically relevant soil features. The short distance type was significantly correlated with soil P2O5, while the contact type was correlated with soil C/N. The lowest mean content of soil Corg was found in the CWDabsent site. The difference in total soil N between sites decreased with increasing CWD decomposition, whereas total C/N increased correspondingly. In this study we confirmed that soil CWD stimulates ectomycorrhizal fungi, representing contact or short-distance exploration types of mycelium.

scholarly journals Decomposition rates of coarse woody debris in undisturbed Amazonian seasonally flooded and unflooded forests in the Rio Negro-Rio Branco Basin in Roraima, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 397 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Imbrozio Barbosa ◽  
Carolina Volkmer de Castilho ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira Perdiz ◽  
Gabriel Damasco ◽  
Rafael Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Rio Negro ◽  
Seasonally Flooded

Postfire dynamics of black spruce coarse woody debris in northern boreal forest of Quebec

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1770-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Boulanger ◽  
Luc Sirois
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Asymbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Study Sites

In this study, postfire coarse woody debris (CWD) dynamics in northern Quebec, Canada, were assessed using a 29-year chronosequence. Postfire woody-debris storage, decomposition rates, and variation of nitrogen and carbon contents of black spruce CWD (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) are estimated. The decomposition rate for postfire snags is exceptionally slow (k = 0.00), while the decomposition rate for logs (k = 0.019–0.021) is within previously recorded values for the boreal forest. The low decomposition rate for snags could be related to low moisture content associated with the position of debris and fast bark shedding. Given the low CWD decomposition rates and CWD storage (21.3–66.8 m3·ha–1), carbon losses from postfire CWD are relatively low, varying between 35.5 and 128.8 kg·ha–1·year–1 at the study sites. The nitrogen content in CWD drops quickly between living trees and snags and increases slightly with time since fire in logs. Nitrogen content is not related to wood density or to moisture content of deadwood. Rapid loss of nitrogen is associated with fast decomposition of subcortical tissues, leaching, and insect comminution. The increase in nitrogen content at the oldest site could result from asymbiotic nitrogen fixation, although a longer time span in the chronosequence would probably have revealed a greater nitrogen gain in increasingly decayed CWD.

Role of coarse woody debris in the carbon cycle of Takayama forest, central Japan

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ohtsuka ◽  
Yoko Shizu ◽  
Mitsuru Hirota ◽  
Yuichiro Yashiro ◽  
Jia Shugang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Central Japan

Dynamics of coarse woody debris and decomposition rates in an old-growth forest in lower tropical China

2010 ◽  
Vol 259 (8) ◽  
pp. 1666-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Fang Yang ◽  
Yue-Lin Li ◽  
Guo-Yi Zhou ◽  
K.O. Wenigmann ◽  
De-Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Tropical China

scholarly journals Coarse woody debris decomposition assessment tool: Model development and sensitivity analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251893
Author(s):  
Zhaohua Dai ◽  
Carl C. Trettin ◽  
Andrew J. Burton ◽  
Martin F. Jurgensen ◽  
Deborah S. Page-Dumroese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
North America ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Tropical Regions

Coarse woody debris (CWD) is an important component in forests, hosting a variety of organisms that have critical roles in nutrient cycling and carbon (C) storage. We developed a process-based model using literature, field observations, and expert knowledge to assess woody debris decomposition in forests and the movement of wood C into the soil and atmosphere. The sensitivity analysis was conducted against the primary ecological drivers (wood properties and ambient conditions) used as model inputs. The analysis used eighty-nine climate datasets from North America, from tropical (14.2° N) to boreal (65.0° N) zones, with large ranges in annual mean temperature (26.5°C in tropical to -11.8°C in boreal), annual precipitation (6,143 to 181 mm), annual snowfall (0 to 612 kg m-2), and altitude (3 to 2,824 m above mean see level). The sensitivity analysis showed that CWD decomposition was strongly affected by climate, geographical location and altitude, which together regulate the activity of both microbial and invertebrate wood-decomposers. CWD decomposition rate increased with increments in temperature and precipitation, but decreased with increases in latitude and altitude. CWD decomposition was also sensitive to wood size, density, position (standing vs downed), and tree species. The sensitivity analysis showed that fungi are the most important decomposers of woody debris, accounting for over 50% mass loss in nearly all climatic zones in North America. The model includes invertebrate decomposers, focusing mostly on termites, which can have an important role in CWD decomposition in tropical and some subtropical regions. The role of termites in woody debris decomposition varied widely, between 0 and 40%, from temperate areas to tropical regions. Woody debris decomposition rates simulated for eighty-nine locations in North America were within the published range of woody debris decomposition rates for regions in northern hemisphere from 1.6° N to 68.3° N and in Australia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document