Pretransplant fertilization of containerized Picea mariana seedlings: calibration and bioassay growth response

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 2089-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
V R Timmer ◽  
Y Teng
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Intact Control ◽  
Nutrient Reserve ◽  
Soil Bioassays ◽  
Plant Dry Mass

The role of the root plug as a nutrient source for newly planted seedlings was evaluated for one growing season on soil bioassays retrieved from a boreal forest site. Intact (control) and bare-rooted (peat plug removed) black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) seedlings reared in Jiffy pellets, some fertilized before ("spiked" with 60 mg N) or after (topdressed with 300 mg N) planting, were transplanted to potted soil blocks (bioassays) under greenhouse conditions. Compared with the intact control, bare-rooting alone reduced plant dry mass (16%) and N, P, and K (15%–25%) uptake, but increased these parameters (62%–101%) when combined with topdressing, suggesting that the root plug served as a crucial nutrient reserve soon after transplanting. Nutrient spiking or topdressing alone stimulated growth and nutrient uptake as well (35%–118%), but generated the largest response (81%–205%) when applied together. Mortality (7%–18%) occurred only with bare-rooting treatments. The responses reflected the sensitivity of seedlings to nutrient supply changes both in root plugs and in field soils. Nutrient spiking was more efficient in improving seedling performance than traditional topdressing because of reduced fertilizer requirements and closer availability of added nutrients for early root development.

The role of soil drainage class in carbon dioxide exchange and decomposition in boreal black spruce (Picea mariana) forest stands

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2123-2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly P. Wickland ◽  
Jason C. Neff ◽  
Jennifer W. Harden
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Drainage Class ◽  
Surface Decomposition ◽  
Soc Stocks

Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) forest stands range from well drained to poorly drained, typically contain large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC), and are often underlain by permafrost. To better understand the role of soil drainage class in carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange and decomposition, we measured soil respiration and net CO2 fluxes, litter decomposition and litterfall rates, and SOC stocks above permafrost in three Alaska black spruce forest stands characterized as well drained (WD), moderately drained (MD), and poorly drained (PD). Soil respiration and net CO2 fluxes were not significantly different among sites, although the relation between soil respiration rate and temperature varied with site (Q10: WD > MD > PD). Annual estimated soil respiration, litter decomposition, and groundcover photosynthesis were greatest at PD. These results suggest that soil temperature and moisture conditions in shallow organic horizon soils at PD were more favorable for decomposition compared with the better drained sites. SOC stocks, however, increase from WD to MD to PD such that surface decomposition and C storage are diametric. Greater groundcover vegetation productivity, protection of deep SOC by permafrost and anoxic conditions, and differences in fire return interval and (or) severity at PD counteract the relatively high near-surface decomposition rates, resulting in high net C accumulation.

Residual-tree growth responses to partial stand harvest in the black spruce (Picea mariana) boreal forestThis article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Forum IUFRO 1.05 Uneven-Aged Silvicultural Research Group Conference on Natural Disturbance-Based Silviculture: Managing for Complexity.

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1563-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Thorpe ◽  
S. C. Thomas ◽  
J. P. Caspersen
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Partial Harvest ◽  
Partial Harvesting

Variants of partial harvesting are gaining favour as means to balance ecosystem management and timber production objectives on managed boreal forest landscapes. Understanding how residual trees respond to these alternative silvicultural treatments is a critical step towards evaluating their potential from either a conservation or a wood supply perspective. We used dendroecological techniques combined with a chronosequence approach to quantify the temporal radial growth response pattern of residual black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) trees to partial harvest in northeastern Ontario. At its peak, 8–9 years after harvest, radial growth of residual trees had doubled. The growth pattern was characterized by a 2-year phase of no response, a subsequent period of increase 3–9 years after harvest, and a stage of declining rates 10–12 years after harvest. The magnitude of tree growth response depended strongly on tree age: peak postharvest growth was substantially higher for young trees, while old trees displayed only modest growth increases. Both the large magnitude and the time delay in postharvest growth responses have important implications for the development of more accurate quantitative tools to project future yields and, more generally, for determining whether partial harvesting is a viable management option for the boreal forest.

scholarly journals Black spruce seedling growth response in controlled organic and organic-mineral substrates

Silva Fennica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Henneb ◽  
Osvaldo Valeria ◽  
Nelson Thiffault ◽  
Nicole Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Organic Mineral

Picea mariana

Cytotoxicity and insecticidal activity of endophytic fungi from black spruce (Picea mariana) needles

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Johnson ◽  
N. J. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Spruce Needles

Hyphae and hyphal extracts from fungi isolated from inside healthy black spruce needles were assayed for their effect on spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) cell cultures and larvae. Isolates were from needles of four age-classes (current –3 years old) collected throughout a 4-month sampling period. Hyphal extracts from 21 of the 100 isolates tested were toxic to spruce budworm cell cultures and isolates from older needles (2 and 3 years old) negatively affected cells more frequently (p < 0.05) than isolates from younger needles (current and 1 year old). Hyphae from five isolates and hyphal extracts from seven increased mortality (p < 0.05) when fed to second instar larvae in a laboratory bioassay. Development was delayed and larval dry mass reduced when budworm were fed hyphae from Cryptocline abietina Petrak (isolate number 69). Larval dry mass was reduced when budworm were fed the extract from Aureobasidium pullulons (de Bary) Am. (isolate 87) but increased when fed Cryptocline abietina (isolates 40 and 80), a coelomycete (isolate 12), and Hormonema dematioides (isolates 28, 63, and 96).Key words: endophytic fungi, budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, Picea mariana, toxicity.

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