Site temperatures influence seasonal changes in terpene composition in Douglas-fir vegetative buds and current-year foliage

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2269-2273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R Nault
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Vegetative Buds ◽  
Temperature Regimes

Over a 3-year period (1998–2000), variations in terpene composition was measured in vegetative buds of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from six sites varying in elevation and geographic location with sampling from early spring to midsummer. Eleven terpenes were found in virtually all samples (tricyclene, α-pinene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, myrcene, Δ-3-carene, limonene, β-phellandrene, terpinolene, and bornyl acetate) and represented an average of 87% of the total terpenes. In each year, composition of the terpene mix varied significantly (P [Formula: see text] 0.05) for all sites and dates, with some significant site and date interactions. Degree-day accumulations were calculated for all sites and years. Patterns of change in terpene composition between sites, areas, and years were strongly related to the temperature regimes associated with site and year.

Potential for pheromone-baited traps to predict seed loss caused by Contarinia oregonensis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Morewood ◽  
W.D. Morewood ◽  
R.G. Bennett ◽  
G. Gries
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Seed Loss ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Positive Correlations

AbstractIn seed orchards of Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco (Pinaceae), located in Washington State and Oregon, United States, we tested whether catches of male Douglas-fir cone gall midges, Contarinia oregonensis Foote, in pheromone-baited traps can be used to predict the extent of galled scales (= seed loss at harvest) caused by developing larvae. In 2000, 27 experimental blocks (4–7 ha each) were selected. In each block we recorded mean numbers of (i) male C. oregonensis captured in 20 pheromone-baited Wing traps, (ii) egg-infested scales in up to 50 conelets in early spring, and (iii) galled scales in up to 50 cones in late summer. In 2001, the experiment was repeated with 20 Delta traps in each of 26 experimental blocks. Moreover, catches of C. oregonensis and nontarget insects in Delta traps and Wing traps were compared in one additional orchard block in 2001. In both years there were positive correlations between mean numbers of egg-infested and galled scales and between mean numbers of captured male C. oregonensis and mean numbers of both egg-infested and galled scales, particularly when only experimental blocks with ≥50% of trees bearing at least 5 conelets were considered. Our results suggest that 4 or 2 captured male C. oregonensis in Wing or Delta traps, respectively, warrant insecticidal control of C. oregonensis. Delta traps, which captured fewer nontarget insects, would be more suitable than Wing traps for operational implementation of this technology.

Salmonberry and salal annual aerial stem production: the maintenance of shrub cover in forest stands

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1629-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C Tappeiner, II ◽  
John C Zasada ◽  
David W Huffman ◽  
Lisa M Ganio
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Shrub Cover ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Gaultheria Shallon ◽  
Aerial Stem ◽  
Stem Production

Annual sprouting of aerial stems and ramets enables populations of salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis Pursh), salal (Gaultheria shallon Pursh), and probably other forest shrubs to maintain dense covers (>20 000 stems/ha). We studied annual stem production of salmonberry on cut (all stems cut within 15 cm of the ground) and uncut (stems were not treated) plots for 8 years and salal for 5 years in the understories of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), alder, and riparian stands, as well as clearcuts, which are all common stand types in western Oregon. Mean salmonberry stem production on uncut plots ranged from 4.7 stems·m–2·year–1 (95% CI 2.9–7.4) in alder stands and clearcuts to 1.6 stems·m–2·year–1 (95% CI 1.0–2.6) in conifer stands. Mean salal production was greater, ranging from 58 stems·m–2·year–1 (95% CI 25–135) to 8.6 stems·m–2·year–1 (95% CI 3.7–20.1) on uncut plots in clearcuts and unthinned Douglas-fir stands, respectively. Annual production of both species was somewhat greater on cut plots. Most stems produced in early spring die by December, but enough are recruited to replace mortality of older stems. Stem density was maintained for 8 years for salmonberry and 5 years for salal on both cut and uncut plots. Based on length of rhizomes and bud density we estimate that only 1–5% of the buds in the rhizomes are needed to support this annual stem production. Although these species sprout vigorously after their aerial stems are killed, disturbance is not necessary for maintaining a dense cover. It appears that, once established, salal, salmonberry, and probably other clonal forest shrubs can maintain a dense cover that can interfere with establishment of trees and other shrubs in canopy gaps or other openings.

scholarly journals Pinaceae Species: Spruce, Pine and Fir as a New Culinary Herb and Spice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Rodríguez Valerón ◽  
Diego Prado Vásquez ◽  
Rasmus Munk
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Aroma Profile ◽  
Abies Grandis ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
Famine Food ◽  
Culinary Traditions ◽  
Culinary Herb

The Pinaceae family has traditionally been used as medicine, resorted to as a famine food and for ornamental purposes as Christmas trees. In the last few years numerous restaurants have been using different species of Pinaceae family as a garnish or an aromatic spice, using them in different culinary applications like oils and infusions to flavor dressings and broths. Abies grandis (Grand fir), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir), Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) and Picea abies (Norway spruce) were researched on taxonomy, habitats and non-edible uses, culinary traditions, health and nutritional properties, aroma profile. The main compounds in Pinaceae family are monoterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, oxygenate sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and hydrocarbons, especially α-β-pinene, limonene, α-terpinene, and even bornyl acetate, responsible for aroma compounds such as citrusy-, woody-, herbal-, or piney aromas. Modern gastronomy uses, sensory analysis and culinary applications were applied for demonstrating the possibilities on modern culinary application in this novel yet traditional spice.

Polyamines conjuguées et différenciation florale chez le sapin de Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-790
Author(s):  
EL-Hassania Daoudi ◽  
Marc Bonnet-Masimbert
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Vegetative Buds ◽  
Conjugated Polyamines ◽  
The Status ◽  
Flowering Initiation

To characterize as early as possible the status of flowering differentiation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), the variation of bound or conjugated polyamines is studied in the shoots of young plants (6 years old) during the period covering flowering initiation (between 30 and 75 days after bud burst). These compounds are also quantified in sexual and vegetative buds. The quantitative effects of treatments susceptible to stimulate the flowering (application of gibberellins and (or) calcium nitrate) on the level of conjugated polyamines are investigated in the shoots. The combination of gibberellins to calcium nitrate application strongly increases the flowering. Conjugated polyamines are particularly abundant in sexual buds and in the shoots of flowering plants. Sexual buds are also characterized by a ratio of conjugated putrescine to conjugated spermidine about four to six times higher than in vegetative buds. The accumulation of conjugated polyamines in the shoots accompanies bud sexualization, which suggests that conjugated polyamines may constitute potential markers of floral initiation in Douglas-fir.Key words: floral induction, flowering marker, conjugated polyamines, Douglas-fir.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and Virulence of Pythium Species Obtained from Forest Nursery Soils on Douglas-Fir Seedlings

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 744-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry E. Weiland ◽  
Bryan R. Beck ◽  
Anne Davis
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
The United States ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Pythium Species ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Forest Nurseries

Pythium species are common soilborne oomycetes that occur in forest nursery soils throughout the United States. Numerous species have been described from nursery soils. However, with the exception of P. aphanidermatum, P. irregulare, P. sylvaticum, and P. ultimum, little is known about the potential for other Pythium species found in nursery soils to cause damping-off of tree seedlings. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of 44 Pythium isolates representing 16 species that were originally recovered from soil at three forest nurseries in Washington and Oregon. Seeds of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) were planted into soil infested with each of the isolates. Seedling survival, the number of surviving seedlings with necrotic root lesions, and taproot length were evaluated 4 weeks later. Responses of Douglas-fir to inoculation varied significantly depending on Pythium species and isolate. Eight species (P. dissotocum, P. irregulare, P. aff. macrosporum, P. mamillatum, P. aff. oopapillum, P. rostratifingens, P. sylvaticum, and P. ultimum var. ultimum) significantly reduced the number of surviving seedlings compared to the noninoculated treatment. However, all Pythium species caused a greater percentage of seedlings to develop root lesions (total mean 40%) than was observed from noninoculated seedlings (17%). Taproot length varied little among Pythium treatments and was not a useful character for evaluating pathogenicity. Results confirm the ability of P. irregulare, P. mamillatum, and P. ultimum var. ultimum to cause damping-off of Douglas-fir seedlings, and are indicative that other species such as P. dissotocum, P. aff. macrosporum, P. aff. oopapillum, P. rostratifingens, and P. sylvaticum may also be responsible for seedling loss.

Cylindrocarpon and Fusarium root colonization of Douglas-fir seedlings from British Columbia reforestation sites

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1198-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige E Axelrood ◽  
William K Chapman ◽  
Keith A Seifert ◽  
David B Trotter ◽  
Gwen Shrimpton
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Significant Linear Trend ◽  
Conifer Seedlings ◽  
Cylindrocarpon Destructans

Poor performance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plantations established in 1987 has occurred in southwestern British Columbia. Affected sites were planted with 1-year-old container stock that exhibited some root dieback in the nursery. A study was initiated in 1991 to assess Cylindrocarpon and Fusarium root infection in planted and naturally regenerating (natural) Douglas-fir seedlings from seven affected plantations. Percentages of seedlings harboring Cylindrocarpon spp.and percent root colonization were significantly greater for planted seedlings compared with natural seedlings. A significant linear trend in Cylindrocarpon root colonization was observed for planted seedlings with colonization levels being highest for roots closest to the remnants of the root plug and decreasing at distances greater than 10cm from that region. This trend in Cylindrocarpon colonization was not observed for natural seedlings. Cylindrocarpon destructans (Zins.) Scholten var. destructans and C.cylindroides Wollenw. var. cylindroides were the only species isolated from planted and natural conifer seedlings. For most sites, percentage of seedlings harboring Fusarium spp.and percent Fusarium root colonization were less than for Cylindrocarpon. Recovery of Fusarium spp.from seedlings and root colonization levels were not significantly different for planted and natural seedlings from all sites.

Contarinia pseudotsugae. [Distribution map].

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Contarinia pseudotsugae Condrashoff (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Hosts: Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Belgium, France, Germany and Netherlands) and North America (Canada, British Columbia, USA, California, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, Oregon, Pennsylvania and Washington).

Phytophthora pseudotsugae. [Distribution map].

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytophthora pseudotsugae Hamm & Hansen. Host: douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, USA, OR, WA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document