Growth, morphology, and gas exchange in white spruce (Picea glauca) seedlings acclimated to different humidity conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1038-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica J Roberts ◽  
Janusz J Zwiazek
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Growth Morphology ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Net Assimilation

The study examined the effects of different relative humidity conditions at germination, early growth, and following cold storage on morphological and physiological characteristics of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings. Seedlings that were grown for 18 weeks following seed germination at the lower, 30% RH (RHinitial) treatments were shorter and had smaller stem diameters, shorter needles with more epicuticular wax, and a greater density of needles per centimetre stem, compared with the 80% RHinitial seedlings. After 18 weeks of growth under 30, 50, and 80% RH, the seedlings were hardened off, stored for 8 weeks at 3°C and planted in pots in growth chambers under 42 and 74% relative humidity (RHsubsequent). Under 74% RHsubsequent conditions, the lower RHinitial seedlings flushed sooner and had higher growth rates compared with the higher RHinitial seedlings. When the higher RHinitial seedlings were placed under 42% RHsubsequent conditions, their bud flush was delayed, and subsequent growth rates were lower compared with the lower RHinitial seedlings. When measured at 40% RH, seedlings subjected to lower RHinitial had higher net assimilation rates and stomatal conductance compared with the seedlings acclimated to higher RHinitial humidity. It was concluded that the humidity conditions present during early seedling growth following germination significantly affect their morphological and physiological characteristics during the second growth season.

Physiological characteristics of seed reserve utilization during the early seedling growth in rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Cheng ◽  
Xinxin Cheng ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Yongqi He ◽  
Chuanfu An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

Stem- and stand-level growth and mortality following partial cutting in eastern boreal poplar – white spruce stands

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Brais ◽  
Brian D. Harvey ◽  
Arun K. Bose
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Partial Cutting

Variable retention (VR) and partial cutting are both considered important silvicultural tools of natural disturbance or ecosystem based forest management approaches. Partial harvesting differs from VR in that post-treatment growth responses and stand regeneration are the primary objective rather than the maintenance of biodiversity. This partial cutting study is undertaken in mixed poplar (Populus spp.) – white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) stands in the eastern Canadian boreal mixedwood forest. It compares, at the tree level, absolute growth rates (AGR) and relative growth rates (RGR) of basal area (BA) and stem survival; and at the stand level, it also compares absolute BA growth, mortality, and sapling density 10 years following treatment. The completely randomized experiment was established with four intensities of partial cutting (0, 50%, 65%, and 100% of poplar BA). All partial cutting intensities had a significant and similar positive effect on AGR of residual spruce stems. Complete poplar removal resulted not only in the highest increase in RGR of suppressed and intermediate spruce stems, but also in higher spruce mortality. Removal of 50% of the initial poplar stand BA provided the best trade-off between positive residual stem growth of spruce and poplar and limited post-treatment mortality.

GROWTH OF CORN SEEDLINGS: EFFECTS OF NIGHT TEMPERATURE UNDER OPTIMUM SOIL MOISTURE OR UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. GRZESIAK ◽  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
S. B. ROOD ◽  
S. FRHYMAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Cool Night

Emergence and early seedling growth of two corn hybrids, Stewart 2300 and B73 × Mo17, were studied in growth cabinets in which night temperatures ranged from 5 to 20 °C. Emergence was more rapid at higher night temperatures and the two hybrids had relatively constant growing degree day (base temperature of 3 °C) requirements to reach 80% emergence. Both leaf area and dry matter increased most rapidly under 15 °C night temperatures and relative growth rate and net assimilation rate decreased with lower night temperatures when moisture was adequate. Under drought conditions, however, night temperature had little effect on growth rate. These findings indicate that cool night temperatures lead to reductions in photosynthesis. The finding that drought reduces the effects of cool night temperature is consistent with the theory that photosynthesis is reduced after cool nights because stomatal opening is inhibited by a temperature-induced water deficit.

Regeneration alternatives for upland white spruce after burning and logging in interior Alaska

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
R V Densmore ◽  
G P Juday ◽  
J C Zasada
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Interior Alaska

Site-preparation and regeneration methods for white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) were tested near Fairbanks, Alaska, on two upland sites which had been burned in a wildfire and salvage logged. After 5 and 10 years, white spruce regeneration did not differ among the four scarification methods but tended to be lower without scarification. Survival of container-grown planted seedlings stabilized after 3 years at 93% with scarification and at 76% without scarification. Broadcast seeding was also successful, with one or more seedlings on 80% of the scarified 6-m2 subplots and on 60% of the unscarified subplots after 12 years. Natural regeneration after 12 years exceeded expectations, with seedlings on 50% of the 6-m2 subplots 150 m from a seed source and on 28% of the subplots 230 m from a seed source. After 5 years, 37% of the scarified unsheltered seed spots and 52% of the scarified seed spots with cone shelters had one or more seedlings, but only 16% of the unscarified seed spots had seedlings, with and without funnel shelters. Growth rates for all seedlings were higher than on similar unburned sites. The results show positive effects of burning in interior Alaska, and suggest planting seedlings, broadcast seeding, and natural seedfall, alone or in combination, as viable options for similar sites.

Genetic parameters of morphological and physiological characteristics of containerized white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench.] Voss) seedlings

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Carles ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Jean Beaulieu ◽  
Debbie C. Stowe ◽  
Hank A. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Physiological Characteristics

The effect of aluminum on seed germination and early seedling establishment, growth, and respiration of white spruce (Picea glauca)

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2305-2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Nosko ◽  
Pierre Brassard ◽  
James R. Kramer ◽  
Kenneth A. Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Natural Establishment ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Root To Shoot Ratio

Seed germination and the establishment and subsequent growth of seedlings of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) subjected to various aluminum treatments were examined. Aluminum concentrations of 50–500 μM did not reduce the cumulative percent germination of seeds but impaired the ability of seedlings to become established. The inability of roots of Al-treated seedlings to penetrate a rooting medium resulted in significant reductions in seedling fresh weight and in the length and dry weight of roots and shoots. When seedlings were established before exposure to Al, the deleterious effects of Al were not as pronounced; however, root length, root dry weight, and root to shoot ratio were significantly lower for Al-treated seedlings compared with controls. Aluminum stimulated shoot growth, and a trend towards increased shoot length and stem dry weight with increased Al concentration was observed. Increased Al concentration in solution decreased the root to shoot ratio of established seedlings, but significant differences in respiration rate among Al treatments were not evident. The minimal Al concentration at which root elongation and the root dry weight of white spruce seedlings was significantly reduced was 50 μM, a value generally lower than those reported for other North American tree species. This suggests that white spruce seedlings are sensitive to aluminum and that soil acidification with its related increase in soluble aluminum may inhibit the natural establishment of this species.

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