The impacts of cyanobacteria on pulp-and-paper wastewater toxicity and biodegradation of wastewater contaminants

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
A E Kirkwood ◽  
C Nalewajko ◽  
R R Fulthorpe
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Competition ◽  
Batch Studies ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Paper Wastewater ◽  
Cyanobacterial Biomass

This study investigated the effects of cyanobacteria from pulp-and-paper waste-treatment systems on biological toxicity removal and biodegradation of certain wastewater contaminants. In field and batch studies, using the Microtox®assay, cyanobacterial biomass and final wastewater toxicity were significantly correlated. In softwood-based wastewater, a decrease in toxicity was negatively correlated with cyanobacterial biomass, but the correlation was positive in hardwood-based wastewater. In the softwood-based wastewater, toxicity remained higher in the light than it was in the dark, whereas in hardwood-based wastewater, toxicity was lower in the light than it was in the dark. All of these results were light-dependent, suggesting that the photosynthetic growth of cyanobacteria is required to induce significant effects. When grown in mixed cultures with bacterial degraders, cyanobacteria from pulp-and-paper waste-treatment systems generally impeded the biodegradation of the wastewater contaminants phenol and dichloroacetate (DCA). However, there was one case where the cyanobacterium Phormidium insigne improved the bacterial degradation of DCA. Doubling inorganic nutrient concentrations did not improve phenol or DCA biodegradation in the majority of cases, indicating that nutrient competition is not a major factor. These data suggest that cyanobacteria play an important role during the biological treatment of contaminants, and, hence, toxicity removal in pulp-and-paper waste-treatment systems.Key words: cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, biodegradation, pulp and paper waste-treatment, wastewater toxicity.

The occurrence of cyanobacteria in pulp and paper waste-treatment systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E Kirkwood ◽  
Czesia Nalewajko ◽  
Roberta R Fulthorpe
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Bacteria Community Structure

Pulp and paper secondary waste-treatment systems in Brazil, Canada, New Zealand, and the U.S.A. contained dynamic cyanobacterial communities, some of which exceeded heterotrophic bacterial biomass. No other viable photoautotrophic populations were detected in the ponds. Regardless of geographical location, Oscillatoriales including Phormidium, Geitlerinema, and Pseudanabaena were the dominant taxa. As well, Chroococcus (Chroococcales) was an important genus in Brazil and New Zealand. The possible impact of cyanobacteria on waste-treatment efficiency deserves further study given their large biomass and diverse metabolic characteristics.Key words: cyanobacteria, blue-green algae, heterotrophic bacteria, community structure, pulp and paper secondary waste treatment.

Treatment of Model Pulp and Paper Wastewater by Electrocoagulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Załęska-Chróst ◽  
Lech Smoczyński ◽  
Regina Wardzyńska
Keyword(s):  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Paper Wastewater

scholarly journals Characterization of efficient xylanases from industrial-scale pulp and paper wastewater treatment microbiota

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Wang ◽  
Jiawei Liang ◽  
Yonghong Li ◽  
Lingmin Tian ◽  
Yongjun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Paper Wastewater ◽  
Termite Hindgut ◽  
Uncultured Microorganisms ◽  
Metagenomic Approach ◽  
Gh10 Family

AbstractXylanases are widely used enzymes in the food, textile, and paper industries. Most efficient xylanases have been identified from lignocellulose-degrading microbiota, such as the microbiota of the cow rumen and the termite hindgut. Xylanase genes from efficient pulp and paper wastewater treatment (PPWT) microbiota have been previously recovered by metagenomics, assigning most of the xylanase genes to the GH10 family. In this study, a total of 40 GH10 family xylanase genes derived from a certain PPWT microbiota were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Among these xylanase genes, 14 showed xylanase activity on beechwood substrate. Two of these, PW-xyl9 and PW-xyl37, showed high activities, and were purified to evaluate their xylanase properties. Values of optimal pH and temperature for PW-xyl9 were pH 7 and 60 ℃, respectively, while those for PW-xyl37 were pH 7 and 55 ℃, respectively; their specific xylanase activities under optimal conditions were 470.1 U/mg protein and 113.7 U/mg protein, respectively. Furthermore, the Km values of PW-xyl9 and PW-xyl37 were determined as 8.02 and 18.8 g/L, respectively. The characterization of these two xylanases paves the way for potential application in future pulp and paper production and other industries, indicating that PPWT microbiota has been an undiscovered reservoir of efficient lignocellulase genes. This study demonstrates that a metagenomic approach has the potential to screen efficient xylanases of uncultured microorganisms from lignocellulose-degrading microbiota. In a similar way, other efficient lignocellulase genes might be identified from PPWT treatment microbiota in the future.

scholarly journals AOX removal from pulp and paper wastewater by Fenton and photo-Fenton processes: A real case-study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 770-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Ribeiro ◽  
C.C. Marques ◽  
I. Portugal ◽  
M.I. Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Paper Wastewater ◽  
Aox Removal

The combined use of magnetic field and iron-based complex in advanced treatment of pulp and paper wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Baoyu Gao ◽  
Xing Xu ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Qinyan Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Paper Wastewater ◽  
Iron Based

Vertical distribution of mesozooplankton and ichthyoplankton communities in the South-western Atlantic Ocean (23°14′1″S 40°42′19″W)

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Ana C. T. Bonecker ◽  
Cristina De O. Dias ◽  
Marcia S. De Castro ◽  
Pedro F. De Carvalho ◽  
Adriana V. Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
The South ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Western Atlantic Ocean

A study was conducted over eight consecutive days in February 2010 in which daily variations in the vertical distributions of heterotrophic bacteria, mesozooplankton and ichthyoplankton at 1–1200 m in the South-western Atlantic Ocean were investigated. Diurnal and nocturnal samples were collected at an oceanographic station at four regional depths: Tropical Water (TW) (1 m), South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) (250 m), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) (800 m) and Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) (1200 m). Bacterial, mesozooplankton and larval fish densities significantly differed between sample depths but not between sampling tow times. In total, 154 zooplankton species and 18 larval fish species were identified. The highest number of taxa was obtained from the night-time TW trawls. This depth zone had the highest densities of mesozooplankton, larval fish and bacterioplankton (auto and heterotrophic), associated with the highest temperature and salinity and the lowest inorganic nutrient concentrations. Two sample groups were identified based on their mesozooplankton and larval fish compositions: night-time TW and other water masses (daytime TW, SACW, AAIW and UCDW). Thirty-two indicator species were detected in night-time TW. The copepod Nullosetigera impar was, to the best of our knowledge, identified for the first time on the Brazilian coast. Our results showed significant variability in the abundance and vertical distribution of mesozooplankton, bacterioplankton and larval fish along the water column in an oceanic area. We have provided new data and insights on the composition and vertical distribution of mesozooplankton, larval fish and bacterioplankton in deep waters in the South-western Atlantic Ocean.

Occurrence of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates and Their Metabolites in Canadian Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents and Sludge

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hing-Biu Lee ◽  
Thomas E. Peart
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylates ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Treated Effluent

Abstract A survey of the concentrations of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPnEO) and their metabolites in the primary and secondary treated effluent and sludge samples collected from pulp and paper mills was conducted. Through the coordination of the Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada (PAPRICAN), 19 Canadian and one U.S. mill of various process types and waste treatment methods supplied samples in this study. Previously developed solid-phase extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, high performance liquid chromatography and gas chro-matography/mass spectrometry methods were used for the determination of NPnEO and their metabolites, nonylphenol (NP) and the carboxylates (NPEC), in effluent and sludge samples. The levels of NPnEO ranged from <2 to 129 (median 4.5) µg/L and from <2 to 71.3 (median 5.8) µg/L for the primary and secondary effluents, respectively. The concentrations of NP varied from <0.1 to 1.32 (median 0.35) µg/L in the primary effluent and from <0.1 to 4.32 (median <0.1) µg/L in the secondary effluent. NPECs were found in only one primary and four secondary effluent samples, with an overall concentration range from <1 to 32 µg/L. These results are lower than those reported for paper mill effluents discharged into the lower Fox River, WI, USA. For the pulp and paper mill sludge, the levels of NPnEO and NP, on a dry weight basis, varied from <1 to 90.8 (median 21) µg/g and from <0.05 to 121 (median 1.3) µg/g, respectively. While NPnEO and NP were detected in nearly all sludge, their concentrations were lower than those observed for digested sewage sludge. Again, NPEC were found in only four samples, with an overall range from <1 to 18.5 µg/g. No relationship between the nonylphenolic levels in the effluent samples and the process and waste treatment types of the mill was found.

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