Lignin and related compounds. V. The hydrogenolysis of aspen wood lignin using rhodium-on-charcoal as catalyst

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 896-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Pepper ◽  
Reginald W. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Aspen Wood ◽  
Lignin Degradation Products ◽  
Phenolic Derivatives ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Soluble Lignin

The hydrogenolysis of aspen lignin using rhodium-on-charcoalas catalyst has been studied. The maximum yield of chloroform-soluble lignin degradation products was obtained at a reaction temperature of 195 °C. Analysis of this chloroform-soluble fraction revealed that the monomeric fraction was composed essentially of the four compounds, 1–4, only, and in a total yield representing at least 40% of the original lignin.Solvent extraction was shown to be preferred over thermal distillation as a preparative procedure for the separation of these phenolic derivatives. The significance of the isolation of these lignin degradation products is discussed.

Lignin and related compounds. I. A comparative study of catalysts for lignin hydrogenolysis

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Pepper ◽  
Y. W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Raney Nickel ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Lignin Degradation Products ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Related Compounds

A detailed comparative study has been made of the effectiveness of various catalysts for the hydrogenolysis of spruce wood lignin. The catalysts studied were Raney nickel, 10% palladium–charcoal, 5% rhodium–charcoal, 5% rhodium–alumina, 5% ruthenium–charcoal, and 5% ruthenium–alumina. Lignin degradation products were obtained initially as a chloroform-soluble fraction which was then divided and studied as diethyl ether-soluble and -insoluble fractions. Gas–liquid chromatographic separation of the ether-soluble fraction made possible the characterization and quantitative estimation of many of the lower molecular weight lignin degradation products.The data indicate that rhodium, palladium, and a limited amount of Raney nickel produce similar results as do ruthenium and an excess of Raney nickel; however, with the latter catalysts the degradation is more severe. In particular, rhodium–charcoal and palladium–charcoal appear to offer interesting advantages as catalysts for lignin hydrogenolysis.

Lignin and related compounds. VIII. Lignin monomers and dimers from hydrogenolysis of aspen poplar wood using rhodium-on-charcoal catalyst

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1028-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Sudo ◽  
Donald J. Mullord ◽  
James M. Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Initial Pressure ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Lignin Degradation Products ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Soluble Lignin

Aspen poplar wood meal has been subjected to catalytic hydrogenolysis in dioxane–water (9:1) at 500 psig initial pressure of hydrogen over a 5% rhodium-on-charcoal catalyst for five hours at 195 + 5 °C. The resulting chloroform-soluble lignin degradation products were separated by cellulose and silica gel column chromatography. The following compounds were isolated and identified: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (5), 1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone (propiosyringone) (6), 2,2′-dihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-5,5′-dipropylbiphenyl (7), 2,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanol (11), and a mixture of 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-propanol (9) and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanol (10).

Water-soluble products from the degradation of aspen lignin by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2357-2364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Reid ◽  
Garth D. Abrams ◽  
James M. Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Aspen Wood ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Absorbing Materials ◽  
Lignin Degradation Products

When Phanerochaete chrysosporium degrades [14C] lignin-labelled aspen wood in static liquid culture, it releases almost as much 14C in water-soluble form as in 14CO2. Water-soluble ultraviolet-absorbing materials also accumulate in cultures that are degrading lignin. The water-soluble radioactive materials appear to be intermediates in lignin degradation, because they can be further metabolized to CO2 and because the soluble materials labelled during [14C] lignin degradation are distinct from the materials labelled during [14C] glucose metabolism. These lignin degradation products can be fractionated by gel chromatography and are mostly acidic.

Chemical characterization and in vitro fermentation ofBrassicastraw treated with the aerobic fungus,Trametes versicolor

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Ramirez-Bribiesca ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
L. Jin ◽  
T. Canam ◽  
J. R. Town ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutant Strain ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Lignin Degradation Products

Ramirez-Bribiesca, J. E., Wang, Y., Jin, L., Canam, T., Town, J. R., Tsang, A., Dumonceaux, T. J. and McAllister, T. A. 2011. Chemical characterization and in vitro fermentation of Brassica straw treated with the aerobic fungus, Trametes versicolor . Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 695–702. Brassica napus straw (BNS) was either not treated or was treated with two strains of Trametes versicolor; 52J (wild type) or m4D (a cellobiose dehydrogenase-deficient mutant) with four treatments: (i) untreated control (C-BNS), (ii) 52J (B-52J), (iii) m4D (B-m4D) or (iv) m4D+glucose (B-m4Dg). Glucose was provided to encourage growth of the mutant strain. All treatments with T. versicolor decreased (P<0.05) neutral-detergent fibre and increased (P<0.05) protein and the concentration of lignin degradation products in straw. Ergosterol was highest (P<0.05) in straw treated with B-52J, suggesting it generated the most fungal biomass. Insoluble lignin was reduced (P<0.05) in straw treated with B-52J and B-m4D, but not with B-m4Dg. Mannose and xylose concentration were generally higher (P<0.05) in straw treated with fungi, whereas glucose and galactose were lower as compared with C-BNS. The four treatments above were subsequently assessed in rumen in vitro fermentations, along with BNS treated with 2 mL g−1of 5 N NaOH. Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids after 24 and 48h were lower (P<0.05) in incubations that contained BNS treated with T. versicolor as compared with C-BNSor NaOH-treated BNS. Compared with C-BNS, in vitrodry matter disappearance and gas production were increased (P<0.05) by NaOH, but not by treatment with either strain of T. versicolor. Although treatment with T. versicolor did release more lignin degradation products, it did not appear to provide more degradable carbohydrate to in vitro rumen microbial populations, even when a mutant strain with compromised carbohydrate metabolism was utilized. Production of secondary compounds by the aerobic fungi may inhibit rumen microbial fermentation.

Lignin degradation products as palaeoenvironmental proxies in the sediments of small lakes

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Kuliński ◽  
Joanna Święta-Musznicka ◽  
Andrzej Staniszewski ◽  
Janusz Pempkowiak ◽  
Małgorzata Latałowa
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Lignin Degradation Products

scholarly journals Functional acidic ionic liquids as effective solvents for the fractionation of lignocelluloses

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 4721-4732
Author(s):  
Shi Jia Dong ◽  
Bi Xian Zhang ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Kun Yang Wu ◽  
Xin Miao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Alkaline Extraction ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lignin Degradation Products ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

There is increasing interest in the application of ionic liquids for the pretreatment and fractionation of lignocelluloses. In this study, a series of functional acidic ionic liquids (ILs) with various heterocyclic organic cations were synthesized. Corn stalks were successfully fractionated into lignin, hemicelluloses, and cellulose when ultrasonically pretreated with ILs at 70 °C for 3 h, and subsequently treated with alkaline extraction. High yields of IL-isolated lignin (18.3% to 19.6%) and (8.3% to 14.6%) were obtained using ILs in the absence and presence of water, respectively. The yield of cellulose ranged from 40.0 to 77.0% from IL treatments, whereas the yield of hemicelluloses ranged from 1.1% to 17.3%. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the isolated cellulose residual produced 89.2% to 94.9% reducing sugar with 77.8% to 86.1% glucose, which corresponded to 80.5% to 91.4% enzymatic conversion of cellulose. Syringol and vanillin were found as the main lignin degradation products.

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