scholarly journals Nucleic Acid Related Compounds. 8. Direct Conversion of 2′-Deoxyinosine to 6-Chloropurine 2′-Deoxyriboside and Selected 6-Substituted Deoxynucleosides and Their Evaluation As Substrates of Adenosine Deaminase

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (19) ◽  
pp. 3161-3169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris J. Robins ◽  
Gerald L. Basom

Trifluoroacetylation of 2′-deoxyinosine (2), obtained by enzymatic deamination of 2′-deoxyadenosine (1), gave the 3′,5′-bis-O-trifluoroacetate (3). Reaction of the electronegatively substituted deoxynucleoside, 3, with DMF-thionyl chloride complex in refluxing methylene chloride gave a high yield of 6-chloropurine 2′-deoxyriboside (4) after deblocking.Displacement of chloride of 4 by hydrosulfide to give 6-mercaptopurine 2′-deoxyriboside (5) followed by sulfur alkylation with p-nitrobenzyl bromide gave 6-S-(p-nitrobenzyl) thiopurine 2′-deoxyriboside (6) which was alternatively prepared by displacement of chloride from 4 by p-nitrobenzyl mercaptide, generated in situ from the isothiouronium salt. Methyl mercaptide reaction with 4 gave 6-methylthiopurine 2′-deoxyriboside (7). Treatment of 4 with trimethylamine gave the corresponding quaternary ammonium chloride (8) which was allowed to react with potassium fluoride to give 6-fluoropurine 2′-deoxyriboside (9). Respective amine displacements on 4 gave 6-benzylaminopurine 2'-deoxyriboside (10), and 6-hydroxylaminopurine 2′-deoxyriboside (11). Reaction of 4 with liquid ammonia completed the first reported transformation of 2′-deoxyinosine (2) to 2′-deoxyadenosine (1).Biological rationale for the synthesis of these 2′-deoxynucleosides and their evaluation as substrates of adenosine deaminase are discussed. Major mass spectral fragmentations are tabulated.

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 120120
Author(s):  
Rizki Insyani ◽  
Amsalia Florence Barus ◽  
Ricky Gunawan ◽  
Jaeyong Park ◽  
Gladys Tiffany Jaya ◽  
...  

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1187 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. M1187
Author(s):  
Stanimir Manolov ◽  
Iliyan Ivanov ◽  
Dimitar Bojilov

The title compound was obtained in high yield in the reaction between tryptamine and naproxen. The newly synthesized naproxen derivative was fully analyzed and characterized via 1H, 13C-NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectral data.


1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
RFC Brown ◽  
FW Eastwood ◽  
GD Fallon ◽  
SC Lee ◽  
RP Mcgeary

Flash vacuum pyrolysis of 1-(alkyn-2′-oyl)-3-methylpyrazoles at 650°/0.03 mm forms pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-ols, often in high yield, which may bear substituents at C2, C3 or C7. In the absence of a 3-methyl group in the precursor, N-ethynylpyrazoles are formed in low yield. The formation of both types of product is interpreted as involving 3-(N-pyrazolyl)propadienones formed by N1 → N2 migration of the N-alkynoyl group with inversion of the three-carbon chain. The fused-ring structure of 2-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-ol (25) was established by X-ray crystallography of the O-benzoyl derivative (27).


1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Berry ◽  
D. S. Friend

A new technique employing continuous recirculating perfusion of the rat liver in situ, shaking of the liver in buffer in vitro, and filtration of the tissue through nylon mesh, results in the conversion of about 50% of the liver into intact, isolated parenchymal cells. The perfusion media consist of: (a) calcium-free Hanks' solution containing 0.05% collagenase and 0.10% hyaluronidase, and (b) magnesium and calcium-free Hanks' solution containing 2 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetate. Biochemical and morphologic studies indicate that the isolated cells are viable. They respire in a medium containing calcium ions, synthesize glucose from lactate, are impermeable to inulin, do not stain with trypan blue, and retain their structural integrity. Electron microscopy of biopsies taken during and after perfusion reveals that desmosomes are quickly cleaved. Hemidesmosome-containing areas of the cell membrane invaginate and appear to pinch off and migrate centrally. Tight and gap junctions, however, persist on the intact, isolated cells, retaining small segments of cytoplasm from formerly apposing parenchymal cells. Cells which do not retain tight and gap junctions display swelling of Golgi vacuoles and vacuoles in the peripheral cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic vacuolization in a small percentage of cells and potassium loss are the only indications of cell injury detected. By other parameters measured, the isolated cells are comparable to normal hepatic parenchymal cells in situ in appearance and function.


1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1254-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wrackmeyer ◽  
Hans-Jörg Schanz

The formation of organo substituted 1-carba-arachno-pentaborane(10) derivatives is shown to proceed in high yield via in situ generated 1,1,1-tris(diethylboryl)propane (2) from diethyl(propyn-1-yl)borane (1) by hydroboration with an excess of diethylborane (hydride bath). In the hydride bath, exchange reactions between 2 and other geminal bis(diethylboryl)alkanes take place until the carbaborane skeleton is formed. If tris(diethylboryl)methane is used under the same conditions, the corresponding 1-carba-arachno-pentaborane(10) derivatives 11 and 12 are formed in mixture with other unknown boranes or carboranes. 11B and 13C NMR data are presented to allow for straightforward identification of the 1-carba-arachno-pentaboranes(10).


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1969-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Verma ◽  
Rizki Insyani ◽  
Young-Woong Suh ◽  
Seung Min Kim ◽  
Seok Ki Kim ◽  
...  

For realizing sustainable bio-based refineries, it is crucial to obtain high yields of value-added chemicalsviadirect conversion of cellulose and lignocellulosic biomass.


Author(s):  
Mohd Azril Riduan ◽  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Intan Suhada Azmi ◽  
Afifudin Habulat ◽  
Danial Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin ◽  
...  

Background: Greener epoxidation by using vegetable oil to create an eco-friendly epoxide is being studied because it is a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly commodity that is safer than non-renewable materials. The aim of this research is to come up with low-cost solutions for banana trunk acoustic panels with kinetic modelling of epoxy-based palm oil. Method: In this study, the epoxidation of palm oleic acid was carried out by in situ performic acid to produce epoxidized palm oleic acid. Results: Banana trunk acoustic panel was successfully innovated based on the performance when the epoxy was applied. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed by using the numerical integration of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, and the results showed that there is a good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, which validates the kinetic model. Conclusion: Overall, the peracid mechanism was effective in producing a high yield of epoxy from palm oleic acid that is useful for the improvement of acoustic panels based on the banana trunk.


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