THE SYSTEM ALUMINUM–ANTIMONY–BISMUTH

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
J. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Equilibrium Diagram ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Solid Model ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anomalous Form ◽  
Equilibrium Surface ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Isothermal Analysis

A complete study, by the methods of thermal and isothermal analysis and of X-ray powder photography, has been made of the equilibrium diagram of the system aluminum–antimony–bismuth. The critical solution temperature and composition of the congruent liquids in the system aluminum–bismuth have been determined as have also the compositions of congruent liquids in the ternary system. The only compound occurring in this system is AlSb and the solid model is largely occupied by the equilibrium surface of this compound.An explanation of the anomalous form of the solidus in the antimony–bismuth system is given.

System triethylamine–water: the equilibrium diagram and some physical properties

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1089-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Kartzmark
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Equilibrium Diagram ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
Viscosity Measurements ◽  
Volume Of Mixing ◽  
Negative Volume

The freezing-point diagram, determined by the method of thermal analysis, corroborates the existence of a dihydrate, first discovered by Pickering (1). Density and viscosity measurements at 16.0 °C, slightly below the critical solution temperature of 18.3 °C, show marked non-ideality. The negative volume of mixing reaches a maximum at 50 mole % and the maximum in the viscosity (4.00 relative to water) occurs at 12 mole %.

scholarly journals Temperature Driven Transformation in Dextran-Graft-PNIPAM/Embedded Silver Nanoparticle Hybrid System

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Chumachenko ◽  
N. Kutsevol ◽  
Iu Harahuts ◽  
D. Soloviov ◽  
L. Bulavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Conformational Transition ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Novel Drug

During the last decade, stimuli-responsible polymers based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) having conformational transition in the range of physiological temperature have been discussed as novel drug delivery nanosystems. A star-like copolymer with a dextran core and grafted poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) arms (D-g-PNIPAM) was synthesized, characterized, and used as a matrix for silver sol preparation. The comparative study of the behavior of individual D-g-PNIPAM and the nanohybrid system D-g-PNIPAM/silver nanoparticles has been done in the temperature range near the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The methods of Dynamic Light Scattering, small angle X-ray scattering, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy have been used. The existence of single nanoparticles and aggregated nanoparticles located in a limited polymer macromolecular volume was established. The increase of the temperature leads to slight aggregation of the silver nanoparticles at the LCST transition. Single nanoparticles do not aggregate with the temperature increase. The thermally induced collapse of end-grafted poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) chains above the LCST do not affect significantly the size characteristics of silver nanoparticles incorporated into the polymer matrix.

scholarly journals Phase Equilibria in the Systems Acetone–Methanol, Acetone–Cyclohexane, Methanol–Cyclohexane, and Acetone–Methanol–Cyclohexane

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
S. C. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Excess Gibbs Free Energy ◽  
Experimental Accuracy ◽  
Vapor Composition ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
Methanol System

The vapor pressure and vapor composition of the methanol–cyclohexane system were investigated at temperatures ranging from 25 to 50°. The same properties of the binary systems: acetone–methanol and acetone–cyclohexane, as well as those of the ternary system: methanol–cyclohexane–acetone, were determined experimentally at 25°. The total pressures and compositions of the vapor for solutions lying close to the critical solution temperature of the binary system or close to the plait point of the ternary system are constant within the range of experimental accuracy. All these systems show azeotropic behavior. The methanol–cyclohexane system has an equimolar excess Gibbs free energy, GE, at 25° of 384.7 cal/mol, while the corresponding equimolar value of GE for the acetone–methanol system at 25° is 102.6 and for the acetone–cyclohexane system, at 25°, it is 274.5 cal/mol.

Densities, Excess Volumes, Surface Tensions, Viscosities, and Dielectric Constants of the Systems: Methanol–Cyclohexane, Acetone–Methanol, Acetone–Cyclohexane, and Methanol–Cyclohexane–Acetone

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
S. C. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Molecular Surface ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Molar Polarization ◽  
Horizontal Portion

The density, dielectric constant, change of volume on mixing, refractive index, surface tension, and viscosity of the methanol–cyclohexane system have been investigated experimentally at temperatures ranging from 25° to 50°. The same properties of the binary systems acetone–methanol and acetone–cyclohexane, as well as of the ternary system methanol–cyclohexane–acetone were determined experimentally at 25°. The critical region of the partially miscible system methanol–cyclohexane has been investigated by determining the above physical properties at temperatures above and below the critical solution temperature. A similar investigation of the ternary system has been made, isothermally at 25°, by investigating solutions lying in the neighborhood of the plait point.The surface tension or a derived function of it, viz. the molecular surface energy, does not show a horizontal portion of the isotherm in the methanol–cyclohexane system, but the ternary system does show such a constant surface tension, probably fortuitously, all along the tangential line. The viscosity exhibits anomaly.All the systems show azeotropic behavior. The methanol–cyclohexane and acetone–cyclohexane systems show marked deviations in molar polarization from linearity and this agrees with the thermodynamic data, which indicate larger than unity values for the activity coefficients of the components' behavior (1). The viscosity isotherms of all these systems give no indication of the formation of any stable compound.

Microfabrication by X-ray-induced polymerization above the lower critical solution temperature

2006 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay R. Tirumala ◽  
Gerard T. Caneba ◽  
Derrick C. Mancini ◽  
H. H. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
X Ray

Studies on Interaction Parameters of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in 1-Propanol–Water Mixtures by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shimizu ◽  
M. Kimura ◽  
T. Maruyama ◽  
K. Kurita
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Interaction Parameters ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Cluster Integrals ◽  
Semidilute Solutions ◽  
Poor Solvent ◽  
Ray Scattering

Small-angle X-ray scattering from semidilute solutions of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in 1-propanol–water mixtures has been measured in a poor-solvent regime. The binary and ternary cluster integrals of polymer segments were determined from the concentration dependence of the correlation length at several temperatures just below the lower critical-solution temperature. The contributions of the segment–segment interactions to the entropy S int and enthalpy H int have been calculated from the temperature dependence of interaction parameters (binary and ternary cluster integrals) and it has been found that both values are positive. The dependence of S int on the concentration of propanol does not show a simple linear relationship.

scholarly journals An X-ray study of the iron-nickel-aluminium ternary equilibrium diagram

1938 ◽  
Vol 166 (926) ◽  
pp. 353-375 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Equilibrium Diagram ◽  
Ternary Diagram ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iron Nickel

Stimulated by the special interest of iron-nickel-aluminium alloys for the permanent magnet industry, we have made an X-ray investigation of this system. The information obtained has led to a new view of the nature of the permanent magnets of iron, nickel and aluminium, which has been briefly described elsewhere (Bradley and Taylor 1937 a, b, c ). In the present paper we confine ourselves to a description of the X-ray results, which have enabled us to draw a complete ternary diagram representing the phases formed by these metals. The iron-nickel-aluminium alloys are closely related to the systems FeAl, NiAl, CoAl. Every phase which occurs in the ternary system has an analogy in one or another of these binary systems. This makes it possible to interpret the present results in the light of our previous knowledge of those systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document