scholarly journals STUDY OF NITRATION OF N,N′-DISUBSTITUTED HYDRAZINES

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean P. Picard ◽  
Jean L. Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Azo Derivatives

The nitration of N, N′-disubstituted hydrazines (RNH–NHR) by means of nitric acid – acetic anhydride mixtures has been found to yield, in most cases, the azo derivatives (RN = NR). For example, when R = CH3, (CH3)2(CN)C, CH3CO, or C2H5OCO, azo derivatives were formed. When R = HCO, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides were evolved. An exception was observed with N, N′-dibenzoylhydrazine which, under the same conditions, yielded the N, N′-dinitro-N, N′-dibenzoylhydrazine.

scholarly journals Alternative Exhaust Emission Factors from Vehicles in On-Road Driving Tests

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3487
Author(s):  
Wojciech Gis ◽  
Maciej Gis ◽  
Jacek Pielecha ◽  
Kinga Skobiej
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Vehicle Category ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
European Union Legislation ◽  
Do So

On-road driving tests are performed to determine the emission of harmful exhaust compounds from vehicles. These primarily include carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particle number. However, there is a lack of indicators that combine the first three substances that are the most important in assessing the environmental aspects of vehicles. The purpose of this article is to indicate the possibility of assessing emissions in real driving conditions from light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles of different categories. In order to do so, a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) and an instrument for measuring the particle number were used. The tests were carried out on routes designed to comply with the requirements and regulations laid down in the European Union legislation. On-road emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particle number have been determined. Factors have been determined as the multiplication of these compounds for each vehicle category in three phases of the test: urban, rural, and motorway. A new way of assessing emissions from vehicles using new factors has been proposed.

A trap for the removal of nitrogen oxides from carbon-11 carbon dioxide

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 765-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Tewson ◽  
William Banks ◽  
Mark Franceschini ◽  
Joan Hoffpauir
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides

The oxidation and absorption of nitrogen oxides in nitric acid in relation to the tail gas problem of nitric acid plants

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Lefers ◽  
F.C. de Boks ◽  
C.M. van den Bleek ◽  
P.J. van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides

Selective Nitroxylation of Adamantane Derivatives in the System Nitric Acid–Acetic Anhydride

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1532-1539
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Klimochkin ◽  
E. A. Ivleva ◽  
I. K. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Adamantane Derivatives

Addition Reactions in the Nitration of Some Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (20) ◽  
pp. 3367-3372 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fischer ◽  
D. R. A. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Nitro Group ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Addition Reaction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Addition Reactions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Acetyl Nitrate

Reaction of 3-oxo-1,2,3,7,8,9,10,10a-octahydrocyclohepta[de]naphthalene with nitric acid in acetic anhydride gives two stereoisomeric 4-acetoxy-6a-nitro-3-oxo-1,2,3,4,6a,7,8,9,10,10a-decahydrocyclohepta[de]-naphthalenes as well as the expected nitro substitution products. Formation of these adducts from a substrate containing a meta-directing deactivating substituent shows that the 1,4-addition reaction of acetyl nitrate is more general than previously suspected. 1,4-Acetyl nitrate adducts are also formed from tetralin, benzsuberane, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrocyclohepta[fg]acenaphthene, and 1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10-octahydrodicyclohepta[de,ij]naphthalene. Decomposition of the last two adducts gives in each case a product with the nitro group substituted into the alicyclic ring.

To the Problem of Reducing the Amount of Harmful Emissions when Refining Silver

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 877-881
Author(s):  
Sergey E. Polygalov ◽  
S.A. Mastugin ◽  
E.A. Shadrina
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process ◽  
Silver Dissolution ◽  
Kinetics Of

The work is devoted to the study of the possibilities of minimizing the release of nitrogen oxides during the dissolution of silver in nitric acid solutions during refining of the gold and silver alloy. Using a rotating disk, the maximum concentration of nitric acid is determined, at which the oxidation potential of the system is insufficient for the oxidation of silver. It has been established that at a temperature of 363 K and a concentration of HNO3 = 50 g/l, the dissolution rate of silver does not exceed 0.00022∙10-5 mol/(cm2∙s), and such conditions can be considered as background for an environmentally friendly process. To initiate dissolution, hydrogen peroxide was used as an alternative oxidizing agent. As a criterion for the rational use of the oxidant and the ecological purity of the process, the excess pressure over the solution was evaluated. The influence of the initial and current composition of the solution, temperature, and conditions of oxidant supply to the reactor on the kinetics of the target process was studied. It is shown that at a silver dissolution rate of 2.7∙10-6 mol/(cm2∙s), no release of nitrogen oxides was observed.

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