Contaminant transport through a soil liner underlain by an unsaturated stone collection layer

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Badv ◽  
R Kerry Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Contaminant Transport ◽  
Unsaturated Flow ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Groundwater Velocity ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Soil Liner

Chloride and sodium migration in an unsaturated stone collection system underlying a compacted soil liner was examined for three different flow rates ranging between 2.5 and 0.017 m/a. Relatively high and uniform concentrations were observed in the unsaturated stone layer. The groundwater velocity played a significant role in contaminant transport through unsaturated stone even at a flow of 0.017 m/a. Experimental observations were accurately predicted using one-dimensional advective–diffusive–dispersive theory. Transport parameters were reduced by modelling the test data. Key words: soil liner, unsaturated flow, diffusion, landfill, collection system.

Performance Prediction for Automotive Turbocharger Compressors

1975 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Whitfield ◽  
F. J. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Compressor Stage ◽  
Thermodynamic Models ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Design Point ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Flow ◽  
Performance Map ◽  
The Individual

A procedure to predict the complete performance map of turbocharger centrifugal compressors is presented. This is based on a one-dimensional flow analysis using existing published loss correlations that were available and thermodynamic models to describe the incidence loss and slip factor variation at flow rates which differ from the design point. To predict the losses within the complete compressor stage using a one-dimensional flow procedure, it is necessary to introduce a number of empirical parameters. The uncertainty associated with these empirical parameters is assessed by studying the effect of varying them upon the individual losses and upon the overall predicted performance.

Performance of sanitary sewer collection system odour control devices operating in diverse conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2527-2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kay Camarillo ◽  
William T. Stringfellow ◽  
Jeremy S. Hanlon ◽  
Elizabeth Basha
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Sanitary Sewer ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
Control Devices

Controlling odours from sanitary sewer systems is challenging as a result of the expansive nature of these systems. Addition of oxidizing chemicals is often practiced as a mitigation strategy. One alternative is to remove odorous compounds in the gases vented from manholes using adsorptive media. In this study, odour control devices located at manholes were observed to determine the ability of these systems to reduce hydrogen sulphide from vented gases. The odour control devices incorporated pressure regulation to control gas flow out of manhole covers and adsorptive media to remove hydrogen sulphide in the vented gases prior to release. Pressure regulation was accomplished using a variable volume bladder and two pressure relief valves that permitted gas flow when pressures exceeded 1.3 to 2.5 cm water column. The reduction in gas flow vented from manholes was intended to extend the service life of the adsorptive media, as compared with odour control devices that do not incorporate pressure modulation. Devices were deployed at four locations and three adsorptive media were tested. Although measured collection system hydrogen sulphide concentrations varied from zero to over 1,000 ppm, the removal rates observed using odour control devices were typically above 90%. The lower removal rates observed at one of the sites (50.5 ± 36.1%) appeared related to high gas flow rates being emitted at this location. Activated carbon was used in most of the tests, although use of iron media resulted in the highest removal observed: 97.8 ± 3.6%. The expected service life of the adsorptive media contained within the odour control devices is a function of site-specific hydrogen sulphide concentrations and gas flow rates. The units used in this study were in service for more than 8 to 12 months prior to requiring media replacement.

Long-Term Tritium Transport through Field-Scale Compacted Soil Liner

2002 ◽  
Vol 128 (8) ◽  
pp. 640-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Toupiol ◽  
Thomas W. Willingham ◽  
Albert J. Valocchi ◽  
Charles J. Werth ◽  
Ivan G. Krapac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Scale ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Soil Liner ◽  
Tritium Transport

Slope of consolidation lines

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chakrabarti ◽  
R. G. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Isotropic Consolidation

Slopes of normal consolidation lines in one-dimensional and isotropic consolidation tests done on isotropically prepared samples of two soils are compared. It has been observed that the consolidation lines are not necessarily parallel. The ratios between the two slopes have been found to be 0.53 and 0.884 for kaolin and Dundas soil respectively. It is suggested that the value of this ratio may be dependent on the percentage and the type of clay in the soil. Key words: normally consolidated, one-dimensional, isotropic, Cc-line, λ-line.

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