A geophysical and geotechnical study to determine the hydrological regime of the Central Manitoba gold mine tailings deposit

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Sherriff ◽  
Ian J. Ferguson ◽  
Michael W. Gupton ◽  
Jamie F. VanGulck ◽  
Nikolay Sidenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
Groundwater Movement ◽  
The North ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
Gold Mine Tailings

Extraction of gold from quartz–carbonate shear zones has left a barren deposit of tailings at Central Manitoba mine, which remains unchanged after 70 years. In this study, the shape of the basin, the groundwater and surface water flow regime, and the electrical conductivity of the tailings have been delineated using a combination of geotechnical, geophysical, and geochemical techniques. Groundwater and surface water flow from the north–south-fractured bedrock outwards to the east and west. A component of upward groundwater movement in the deposit is due to evaporation in hot, dry summers, limited recharge from precipitation, and the tailings basin being a local groundwater discharge zone. Electromagnetic surveys indicate that the thickness of the tailings and underlying peat bog material increases from ∼1 m at the south of the tailings to ∼5 m at the north. The surveys provided an effective way of mapping the spatial distribution of acidic pore fluids and associated increased salinity. Zones of acidification, occurring mainly on the south side of the tailings, support the hypothesis that acidification is due to differential settling during the initial discharge of carbonate and sulfide minerals.

scholarly journals The Dabie Extensional Tectonic System: Structural Framework

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanlin Hou ◽  
Hongyuan Zhang ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Yudong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Zone ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Metamorphic Complex ◽  
The South ◽  
Magma Intrusion ◽  
The North ◽  
Extensional Tectonic ◽  
Mechanism Transition ◽  
Tectonic System

A previous study of the Dabie area has been supposed that a strong extensional event happened between the Yangtze and North China blocks. The entire extensional system is divided into the Northern Dabie metamorphic complex belt and the south extensional tectonic System according to geological and geochemical characteristics in our study. The Xiaotian-Mozitan shear zone in the north boundary of the north system is a thrust detachment, showing upper block sliding to the NNE, with a displacement of more than 56 km. However, in the south system, the shearing direction along the Shuihou-Wuhe and Taihu-Mamiao shear zones is tending towards SSE, whereas that along the Susong-Qingshuihe shear zone tending towards SW, with a displacement of about 12 km. Flinn index results of both the north and south extensional systems indicate that there is a shear mechanism transition from pure to simple, implying that the extensional event in the south tectonic system could be related to a magma intrusion in the Northern Dabie metamorphic complex belt. Two 40Ar-39Ar ages of mylonite rocks in the above mentioned shear zones yielded, separately, ~190 Ma and ~124 Ma, referring to a cooling age of ultrahigh-pressure rocks and an extensional era later.

Comparison of surface water flow simulation over structured and unstructured grids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedhitha Ajithkumar ◽  
Prabhakar Alok Verma ◽  
Frank B. Osei ◽  
Hari Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Unstructured Grids ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Surface Water Flow

scholarly journals Modelling the flow of nitrogen and phosphorus in Europe: from loads to coastal seas

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. W. Beusen ◽  
O. Klepper ◽  
C. R. Meinardi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The North ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Parameter Values

A model is described that aims at predicting surface water quality from N- and P-inputs on a European scale. The model combines a GIS-based approach to estimate loads, geohydrological data to define model structure and statistical techniques to estimate parameter values. The model starts with an inventory of sources of N and P: agriculture, wastewater and (for N) atmospheric deposition. Nitrogen flows are assumed to follow both surface- and groundwater flows, while for phosphorus only surface water flow is taken into account. A calibration of loss terms of N and P (assumed to be constants for the whole of Europe) by comparing total inputs to measured loads shows good agreement between observations and calculated river discharges. For the coastal seas of Europe concentrations are calculated by assuming conservative behaviour of N and P. Freshwater quality problems occur in western Europe with its intensive agriculture and high population density and locally in southern Europe where dilution is low due to low water discharge. In the marine environment the main problem areas are the Baltic and Black seas, with much lower impacts in the North and Adriatic Sea; in other coastal waters human impacts are essentially negligible.

scholarly journals Validation of the STRIVE model for coupling ecological processes and surface water flow

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-759
Author(s):  
L. De Doncker ◽  
P. Troch ◽  
R. Verhoeven ◽  
K. Buis ◽  
P. Meire
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
Quality Aspects

The 1D model package STRIVE is verified for simulating the interaction between ecological processes and surface water flow. The model is general and can be adapted and further developed according to the research question. The hydraulic module, based on the Saint-Venant equations, is the core part. The presence of macrophytes influences the water quality and the discharge due to the flow resistance of the river, expressed by Manning's coefficient, and allows an ecological description of the river processes. Based on the advection–dispersion equation, water quality parameters are incorporated and modelled. Calculation of the water quantity parameters, coupled with water quality and inherent validation and sensitivity analysis, is the main goal of this research. An important study area is the River Aa near Poederlee (Belgium), a lowland river with a wealth of vegetation growth, where discharge and vegetation measurements are carried out on a regular basis. The developed STRIVE model shows good and accurate calculation results. The work highlights the possibility of STRIVE to model flow processes, water quality aspects and ecological interaction combined and separately. Coupling of discharges, water levels, amount of biomass and tracer values provides a powerful prediction modelling tool for the ecological behaviour of lowland rivers.

Flow and Radionuclide Transport From Rock to Surface Systems: Characterization and Modelling of Potential Repository Sites in Sweden

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent Werner ◽  
Emma Bosson ◽  
Sten Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Mike She ◽  
Mike 11 ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
Safety Assessments

The safety assessments of potential geological repositories for spent nuclear fuel in Sweden are supported by modelling of groundwater flow in rock, to predict locations (exit points) where radionuclides from the deep repository may enter land, surface waters and associated ecosystems above the rock. This modelling includes detailed rock descriptions, but simplifies the upper part of the flow domain, including representations of meteorological processes and interactions with hydrological objects at the surface. Using the Laxemar candidate site as example, this paper investigates some potentially important consequences of these simplifications. Specifically, it compares particle tracking results obtained by a deep-rock groundwater flow model (CONNECTFLOW) and by MIKE SHE-MIKE 11, which contains detailed descriptions of near-surface/surface water flow. Overall, the models predict similar exit point patterns, occurring as clusters along streams in valleys, at a lake, and in sea bays. However, on a detailed level there are some prediction differences, which may be of importance for biosphere-focused safety assessments. CONNECTFLOW essentially predicts flow paths through the repository that follow fractures and deformation zones, outcropping in valleys. In comparison, MIKE SHE-MIKE 11 provides more detailed information on near-surface water flow paths, including the associated exit points and inputs to assessments of radionuclide retention.

scholarly journals Impacts of hurricanes on surface water flow within a wetland

2010 ◽  
Vol 392 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Deng ◽  
Helena M. Solo-Gabriele ◽  
Michael Laas ◽  
Lynn Leonard ◽  
Daniel L. Childers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Surface Water Flow

scholarly journals Compressional and extensional tectonics in low-medium pressure granulites from the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Carson ◽  
P. G. H. M. Dirks ◽  
M. Hand ◽  
J. P. Sims ◽  
C. J. L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
High Strain ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
The South ◽  
Medium Pressure ◽  
Larsemann Hills ◽  
The North ◽  
Shear Sense ◽  
Low Pressures ◽  
East West

AbstractMeta-sediments in the Larsemann Hills that preserve a coherent stratigraphy, form a cover sequence deposited upon basement of mafic–felsic granulite. Their outcrop pattern defines a 10 kilometre wide east–west trending synclinal trough structure in which basement–cover contacts differ in the north and the south, suggesting tectonic interleaving during a prograde, D1 thickening event. Subsequent conditions reached low-medium pressure granulite grade, and structures can be divided into two groups, D2 and D3, each defined by a unique lineation direction and shear sense. D2 structures which are associated with the dominant gneissic foliation in much of the Larsemann Hills, contain a moderately east-plunging lineation indicative of west-directed thrusting. D2 comprises a colinear fold sequence that evolved from early intrafolial folds to late upright folds. D3 structures are associated with a high-strain zone, to the south of the Larsemann Hills, where S3 is the dominant gneissic layering and folds sequences resemble D2 folding. Outside the D3 high-strain zone occurs a low-strain D3 window, preserving low-strain D3 structures (minor shear bands and upright folds) that partly re-orient D2 structures. All structures are truncated by a series of planar pegmatites and parallel D4 mylonite zones, recording extensional dextral displacements.D2 assemblages include coexisting garnet–orthopyroxene pairs recording peak conditions of ∼ 7 kbar and ∼ 780°C. Subsequent retrograde decompression textures partly evolved during both D2 and D3 when conditions of ∼ 4–5 kbar and ∼ 750°C were attained. This is followed by D4 shear zones which formed around 3 kbar and ∼ 550°C.It is tempting to combine D2–4 structures in one tectonic cycle involving prograde thrusting and thickening followed by retrograde extension and uplift. The available geochronological data, however, present a number of interpretations. For example, D2 was possibly associated with a clockwise P–T path at medium pressures around ∼ 1000 Ma, by correlation with similar structures developed in the Rauer Group, whilst D3 and D4 events occurred in response to extension and heating at low pressures at ∼ 550 Ma, associated with the emplacement of numerous granitoid bodies. Thus, decompression textures typical for the Larsemann Hills granulites maybe the combined effect of two separate events.

The Influence of Land Roughness to Irrigation Efficiency Based on SIRMOD Model of Border Irrigation of Wheat

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3640-3644
Author(s):  
He Xiang Zheng ◽  
Xue Song Cao ◽  
Jia Bin Wu ◽  
Jian Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Irrigation Efficiency ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
Surface Water Flow

Land roughness is an important parameter of border irrigation in the surface water flow movement, it affects of the water movement process and affects irrigation efficiency, so it’s necessary combined with field surface other parameters to study irrigation field roughness to the irrigation efficiency. Agreement is good between simulated by SIRMOD model and measured values​​ through field trials the measured data of water flow advance and regression process, and indicating with SIRMOD model can simulate border irrigation process. Four kinds of typical field surface roughness of irrigation simulation by SIRMOD model and analysis of the results obtained: land roughness difference of water flow advance and regression process influence significantly, the water flow advance and regression process is better with the small land roughness, and the curve of water flow advance and regression becomes uneven, so irrigation efficiency significant reduction with the field surface roughness increases.

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