Development of a hydraulic conductivity apparatus for bentonite soils

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 997-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Siemens ◽  
James A. Blatz
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Displacement Boundary ◽  
Simultaneous Control ◽  
Swelling Soil ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Stress States

Measurement and interpretation of hydraulic conductivity in porous media is a complicated process, and many laboratory apparatuses exist for different soil types and conditions. To use models for interpretation and prediction of hydraulic conductivity, accurate test measurements are required. A new hydraulic conductivity apparatus is presented that includes simultaneous control of volume and stress states. The apparatus includes the ability to automatically control volume to apply selected displacement boundary conditions while imposing radial flow conditions. The capabilities of the system are displayed using two selected hydraulic conductivity tests on an unsaturated sand–bentonite mixture, which is a swelling soil. Hydraulic conductivity on the order of 10−13 m/s was measured using the new system and compared closely with previously measured values using a similar material. Post-test measurements displayed internal water content, density, and saturation changes that occurred during testing.

Drawing of Tubes

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Durban
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solution ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
Flow Rule ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Steady State Flow ◽  
Linear Hardening ◽  
Von Mises

The process of the tube drawing between two rough conical walls is analyzed within the framework of continuum plasticity. Material behavior is modeled as rigid/linear-hardening along with the von-Mises flow rule. Assuming a radial flow pattern and steady state flow conditions it becomes possible to obtain an exact solution for the stresses and velocity. Useful relations are derived for practical cases where the nonuniformity induced by wall friction is small. A few restrictions on the validity of the results are discussed.

scholarly journals 3-D Modelling and Experimental Comparison of Reactive Flow in Carbonates under Radial Flow Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyang Liu ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Gary Douglas Couples ◽  
Jingsheng Ma ◽  
Oleg Iliev
Keyword(s):  
Radial Flow ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Reactive Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions

scholarly journals Polymorph Selection of ROY by Flow-Driven Crystallization

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziemecka ◽  
Gokalp ◽  
Stroobants ◽  
Brau ◽  
Maes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Flow ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Equilibrium Flow ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Polymorph Selection ◽  
Displacement Pattern ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of polymorphs of the organic compound 5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)amino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile, ROY, is studied experimentally in the confined space between two horizontal glass plates when an acetone solution of ROY of variable concentration is injected at a variable flow rate into water. Depending on the local concentration within the radial flow, a polymorph selection is observed such that red prisms are favored close to the injection center while yellow needles are the preferred polymorph close to the edge of the injected ROY domain. At larger flow rates, a buoyancy-driven instability induces stripes at the outer edge of the displacement pattern, in which specific polymorphs are seen to crystallize. Our results evidence the possibility of a selection of ROY polymorph structures in out-of-equilibrium flow conditions.

An Analytical Model for Prediction of Two-Phase (Noncondensable) Flow Pump Performance

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okitsugu Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pressurized Water

During operational transients or a hypothetical LOCA (loss of coolant accident) condition, the recirculating coolant of PWR (pressurized water reactor) may flash into steam due to a loss of line pressure. Under such two-phase flow conditions, it is well known that the recirculation pump becomes unable to generate the same head as that of the single-phase flow case. Similar situations also exist in oil well submersible pumps where a fair amount of gas is contained in oil. Based on the one dimensional control volume method, an analytical method has been developed to determine the performance of pumps operating under two-phase flow conditions. The analytical method has incorporated pump geometry, void fraction, flow slippage and flow regime into the basic formula, but neglected the compressibility and condensation effects. During the course of model development, it has been found that the head degradation is mainly caused by higher acceleration on liquid phase and deceleration on gas phase than in the case of single-phase flows. The numerical results for head degradations and torques obtained with the model favorably compared with the air/water two-phase flow test data of Babcock and Wilcox (1/3 scale) and Creare (1/20 scale) pumps.

scholarly journals Size Effects in Small Radial Turbines

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Scrimshaw ◽  
T. J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Size Effect ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
Fatigue Failure ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Peak Efficiency ◽  
Radial Turbines

The existence of size effects in small radial flow turbines, such as those used in automotive turbocharger units, has been investigated under steady flow conditions. Three geometrically similar turbines (rotor diameters 101.6, 67.73 and 50.8 mm respectively) have been tested and a ‘size’ effect was observed with the dimensionless mass flow and peak efficiency diminishing with a decrease in rotor diameter. Internal pressure variations were observed in all three turbines which could have a significant influence in relation to blade fatigue failure.

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