Étude expérimentale des phases de creusement d'un tunnel à l'aide d'un modèle réduit bidimensionnel

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Dolzhenko ◽  
P Mathieu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Numerical Work ◽  
Image Deformation ◽  
Maximum Surface Settlement ◽  
Tunnel Depth ◽  
Small Scale Model

The main purpose of this experimental and numerical work is to simulate the movements of the soil occurring during the construction of a shallow tunnel in a granular soil, and especially the phases of deconfining and reconfining due to the boring of a tunnel corresponding to the real phases of the construction work. The experimental device used is a small-scale two-dimensional model of a tunnel bored in the analogue soil of Taylor–Schneebeli soil consisting of metallic rods. The analysis of the tests is carried out using the numerical imagery which allows visualization of the complete displacement field in the soil mass obtained during the tests. The influence of the tunnel depth on the width of the surface depression and on the maximum surface settlement is presented.Key words: tunnels, soil–structure interaction, digital image, deformation, small-scale model.[Journal translation]

Frustum confining vessel for testing model piles

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Horvath ◽  
Dieter Stolle
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Confining Stress ◽  
Testing Model ◽  
Physical Testing ◽  
Small Scale Model

A cone-shaped vessel, a frustum, has been developed for testing model piles. The magnitude of the confining stresses in the soil within the vessel can be controlled by applying pressure to a piston in the bottom of the device. A series of continous cone penetration tests was performed to determine approximate stress distributions with depth along the frustum axis. The penetration test results indicated that vertical stress within the soil mass increased with depth from zero at the top of the soil to a maximum value at the bottom, which is controlled by the stress applied to the bottom piston. Finite element analyses, which were carried out to establish stress patterns within the frustum confining vessel, confirmed the results obtained from the physical testing. This study demonstrates that the new confining vessel enables physical testing of small-scale model foundations under soil mass conditions that more closely reflect the in situ stress conditions encountered with full-scale foundations under in-service conditions. Key words: cone penetration resistance, confining stress, finite element analyses, frustum confining vessel, small-scale model testing, stress distribution.

scholarly journals Effect of Soil-Structure Interaction on Seismic Performance of Long-Span Bridge Tested by Dynamic Substructuring Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyun Tang ◽  
Hua Ma ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Zhenbao Li
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Structure Interaction ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Long Span Bridge ◽  
Dynamic Substructuring ◽  
Small Scale Model

Because of the limitations of testing facilities and techniques, the seismic performance of soil-structure interaction (SSI) system can only be tested in a quite small scale model in laboratory. Especially for long-span bridge, a smaller tested model is required when SSI phenomenon is considered in the physical test. The scale effect resulting from the small scale model is always coupled with the dynamic performance, so that the seismic performance of bridge considering SSI effect cannot be uncovered accurately by the traditional testing method. This paper presented the implementation of real-time dynamic substructuring (RTDS), involving the combined use of shake table array and computational engines for the seismic simulation of SSI. In RTDS system, the bridge with soil-foundation system is divided into physical and numerical substructures, in which the bridge is seen as physical substructures and the remaining part is seen as numerical substructures. The interface response between the physical and numerical substructures is imposed by shake table and resulting reaction force is fed back to the computational engine. The unique aspect of the method is to simulate the SSI systems subjected to multisupport excitation in terms of a larger physical model. The substructuring strategy and the control performance associated with the real-time substructuring testing for SSI were performed. And the influence of SSI on a long-span bridge was tested by this novel testing method.

Wave Energy Hyperbaric Device for Electricity Production

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Segen F. Estefen ◽  
Paulo Roberto da Costa ◽  
Eliab Ricarte ◽  
Marcelo M. Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Regular Waves ◽  
Hyperbaric Chamber ◽  
Small Scale Model

Wave energy is a renewable and non-polluting source and its use is being studied in different countries. The paper presents an overview on the harnessing of energy from waves and the activities associated with setting up a plant for extracting energy from waves in Port of Pecem, on the coast of Ceara State, Brazil. The technology employed is based on storing water under pressure in a hyperbaric chamber, from which a controlled jet of water drives a standard turbine. The wave resource at the proposed location is presented in terms of statistics data obtained from previous monitoring. The device components are described and small scale model tested under regular waves representatives of the installation region. Based on the experimental results values of prescribed pressures are identified in order to optimize the power generation.

Staged-Air Ratio Optimization for a New Down-Fired Technology within a Cold Small-Scale Model of a 350 MWeUtility Boiler

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1485-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kuang ◽  
Zhengqi Li ◽  
Pengfei Yang ◽  
Jinzhao Jia ◽  
Qunyi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ratio Optimization ◽  
Small Scale Model

scholarly journals Monitoring deformation of small scale model tunnels under load testing

Survey Review ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (339) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
H-M. Chen ◽  
M. Smith ◽  
H-S. Yu ◽  
N. Kokkas
Keyword(s):  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Small Scale Model

A small-scale model of factor VIII and factor IX fractionation from plasma

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Feldman ◽  
Lowell Winkelman ◽  
Helen Evans ◽  
Martin Pinnell ◽  
Fiona Murdoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Model

A Small Scale Model for Seismic Imaging Systems

1972 ◽  
pp. 195-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Maginness ◽  
G. B. Cook ◽  
L. G. Higgens
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Model
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