Two-phase GaAs cermet-gate charge-coupled devices

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
M. LeNoble ◽  
J. V. Cresswell ◽  
R. R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Charge Coupled Devices ◽  
Band Limited ◽  
Gate Charge

A nonplanar 64-pixel, 2-phase GaAs cermet-gate charge-coupled device (CMCCD) and a planar 128-pixel, 2-phase GaAs CMCCD are described. The former device employs a castellation to provide the "built-in" electric field for controlling the flow of signal charge within the channel, whereas, the latter device uses externally applied electric fields to achieve this control. Both devices have been operated at 46 MHz, demonstrating charge transfer efficiencies of 0.996 and in excess of 0.999, respectively. The application of the planar 2-phase GaAs CMCCD in a 500 or 7.81 MHz transient digitizer module for acquisition and transfer of dc to 250 MHz band-limited signals will also be presented.

scholarly journals Restraining Surface Charge Accumulation and Enhancing Surface Flashover Voltage through Dielectric Coating

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Jixing Sun ◽  
Sibo Song ◽  
Xiyu Li ◽  
Yunlong Lv ◽  
Jiayi Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Metallic Particle ◽  
Particle Charging ◽  
Insulating Surfaces ◽  
Surface Flashover ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
The Impact

A conductive metallic particle in a gas-insulated metal-enclosed system can charge through conduction or induction and move between electrodes or on insulating surfaces, which may lead to breakdown and flashover. The charge on the metallic particle and the charging time vary depending on the spatial electric field intensity, the particle shape, and the electrode surface coating. The charged metallic particle can move between the electrodes under the influence of the spatial electric field, and it can discharge and become electrically conductive when colliding with the electrodes, thus changing its charge. This process and its factors are mainly affected by the coating condition of the colliding electrode. In addition, the interface characteristics affect the particle when it is near the insulator. The charge transition process also changes due to the electric field strength and the particle charging state. This paper explores the impact of the coating material on particle charging characteristics, movement, and discharge. Particle charging, movement, and charge transfer in DC, AC, and superimposed electric fields are summarized. Furthermore, the effects of conductive particles on discharge characteristics are compared between coated and bare electrodes. The reviewed studies demonstrate that the coating can effectively reduce particle charge and thus the probability of discharge. The presented research results can provide theoretical support and data for studying charge transfer theory and design optimization in a gas-insulated system.

The dependence of the rate of electrochemical charge transfer on the electric field at the metal-electrolyte interface

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
DB Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Potential Energy Curves ◽  
Energy Curve ◽  
Electrolyte Interface ◽  
Activated State ◽  
Wide Range

Electric fields at the metal-electrolyte interface are very high (of the order of 107 V/cm) and one intuitively expects that these fields should have a profound influence on the movement of charged species such as ions and electrons at the interface. Qualitatively, such field effects manifest themselves as deviations from linearity of Tafel plots or as a dependence of the symmetry factor on electrode potential. It is shown that Gurney's potential energy curve representation of charge transfer reactions yields only small changes in β over a wide range of potential, with the anharmonic (Morse) curves showing smaller changes than the harmonic (parabolic) curves. Superposition of the double layer electric field on these potential energy curves increases the curvature of the Tafel plots, but the effect is still not very large, being within the limits of uncertainty in determining the correct form of the potential energy curves. The effect of electric field on electron transfer is considered both from the viewpoint of change in electron transfer distance arising from a dependence of coordinates of the activated state on potential and from the viewpoint of a direct effect on the electron transfer barrier (analogous to field electron emission). The field emission effects are found to be even less than the effects of the field on the proton transfer potential energy barrier.

Tuning the inter-molecular charge transfer, second-order nonlinear optical and absorption spectra properties of a π-dimer under an external electric field

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (47) ◽  
pp. 31958-31964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Wei Gao ◽  
Hong-liang Xu ◽  
Zhong-Min Su
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
External Electric Fields ◽  
Optical Responses ◽  
Molecular Charge ◽  
Spectra Properties ◽  
The Stability

Different strengths of external electric fields enhance the stability, control the inter-molecular charge transfer and strengthen the nonlinear optical responses of a π-dimer.

The Influence of External Electric Field on Heat Transfer at Boiling on Non-Uniform Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Eronin ◽  
Stanislav P. Malyshenko ◽  
Anton I. Zhuravlev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Heated Surface ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
External Electric Fields ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Field Traps

Characteristics of heat transfer and hydrodynamics of boiling of liquid nitrogen on the surfaces with different types of non-uniformities at the presence of external electric fields are experimentally investigated. It is shown that the formation of field traps is a major mechanism of heat transfer enhancement. And this effect result in noticeable change of two-phase hydrodynamics in vicinity of heated surface.

scholarly journals Critical heat flux enhancement in microgravity conditions coupling microstructured surfaces and electrostatic field

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alekos Ioannis Garivalis ◽  
Giacomo Manfredini ◽  
Giacomo Saccone ◽  
Paolo Di Marco ◽  
Artyom Kossolapov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Critical Heat Flux ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Parabolic Flight ◽  
Dielectric Fluid ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Microstructured Surfaces ◽  
Microgravity Conditions ◽  
Plain Surface

AbstractWe run pool boiling experiments with a dielectric fluid (FC-72) on Earth and on board an ESA parabolic flight aircraft able to cancel the effects of gravity, testing both highly wetting microstructured surfaces and plain surfaces and applying an external electric field that creates gravity-mimicking body forces. Our results reveal that microstructured surfaces, known to enhance the critical heat flux on Earth, are also useful in microgravity. An enhancement of the microgravity critical heat flux on a plain surface can also be obtained using the electric field. However, the best boiling performance is achieved when these techniques are used together. The effects created by microstructured surfaces and electric fields are synergistic. They enhance the critical heat flux in microgravity conditions up to 257 kW/m2, which is even higher than the value measured on Earth on a plain surface (i.e., 168 kW/m2). These results demonstrate the potential of this synergistic approach toward very compact and efficient two-phase heat transfer systems for microgravity applications.

A two-phase GaAs cermet gate charge-coupled device

1990 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1796-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LeNoble ◽  
J.V. Cresswell ◽  
R.R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Gate Charge

scholarly journals Charge transfer in overlapping gate charge-coupled devices

1973 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Mohsen ◽  
T.C. McGill ◽  
C.A. Mead
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Charge Coupled Devices ◽  
Gate Charge

Charge Transfer Modeling for Charge-Coupled Devices

1997 ◽  
Vol 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Lavine ◽  
Eric G. Stevens ◽  
Edmund K. Banghart ◽  
Eugene A. Trabka ◽  
Bruce C. Burkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Random Walk ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electron Motion ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Charge Coupled Devices ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Random Walk Simulation ◽  
A Charge

ABSTRACTThe three-dimensional Poisson's equation is solved by iterative methods and the resulting electric field is used in Newton's equation to simulate electron transfer in a charge-coupled device (CCD). The time dependence of charge transfer is studied through a random walk simulation of Newton's equation. Potential obstacles of the order of 0.03 V are seen to slow charge transfer. Electron motion is also followed in two spatial dimensions through Newton's equation in order to probe a more varied set of potential obstacles.

Interaction of Proteins with Phase Boundaries in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems under Electric Fields

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Gebhard ◽  
Johannes Hartmann ◽  
Steffen Hardt
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Phase Boundaries ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Systems ◽  
Phase Systems

The electric-field driven transport of proteins across the liquid-liquid interface in an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is studied in a microfluidic device using fluorescence microscopy. An ATPS containing polyethylene glycol...

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document